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Effects Of Dietary Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters On Polar And Nonpolar Tissue Lipids In Red Drum, Sciaenops Ocellatus., Carmen Mayyuk Chan Jan 1995

Effects Of Dietary Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters On Polar And Nonpolar Tissue Lipids In Red Drum, Sciaenops Ocellatus., Carmen Mayyuk Chan

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Red drum juveniles of mean initial weight 9.23 $\pm$ 0.27 g were kept in indoor aquaria. The water was maintained at a salinity of 12 $\pm$ 0.5 ppt. The fish were fed six isonitrogenous (38% crude protein) and isocaloric (1.36 $\times$ 10$\sp4$ kJ/kg), purified diets differing in lipid content, for nine weeks, to investigate the effects of selected dietary essential fatty acids (EFA) on growth performance and tissue fatty acid composition. Each diet, except the low-fat (LF) diet, contained 8% total lipid from (1) menhaden fish oil (MFO), (2) oleate (18:1n-9) supplemented with linoleate (18:2n-6), (3) linolenate (18:3n-3), (4) a …

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Genotypic Variation In Sweetpotato Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam. Clones., Arthur Quejada Villordon Jan 1995

Genotypic Variation In Sweetpotato Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam. Clones., Arthur Quejada Villordon

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Arbitrarily-primed PCR-based assays established the presence of sweetpotato intra-clonal genetic variability. These DNA polymorphism assays provided benchmark information regarding cultivar genetic uniformity in sweetpotato foundation seed programs. Arbitrarily-primed markers were also used to compare the genetic uniformity among sweetpotato clones derived conventionally, i.e., through adventitious sprouts, and nodally-based propagation systems. Initially, 38 primers generated 110 scorable DNA fragments using two virus-indexed plants from each clone source. Twenty-one bands (18.6%) were scored as putative polymorphic markers based on the presence or absence of amplified products. A subset of 14 marker loci generated by four selected primers was used to further assay …

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Cloning, Expression, Primary Structure, And Insertion Mutagenesis Of The Pyruvate Formate-Lyase Enzyme Of Aeromonas Hydrophila., Mohamed Alaa Eldin Abdelalim Awad Jan 1995

Cloning, Expression, Primary Structure, And Insertion Mutagenesis Of The Pyruvate Formate-Lyase Enzyme Of Aeromonas Hydrophila., Mohamed Alaa Eldin Abdelalim Awad

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The pyruvate formate-lyase enzyme (Pfl), a key enzyme in alcoholic fermentation, catalyzes the anaerobic conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA and formate in prokaryotes. The pyruvate formate-lyase gene (pfl) of the facultative anaerobe Aeromonas hydrophila was cloned and sequenced. Subsequently, the Pfl was characterized based on the deduced amino acid sequence and evaluated in vivo following insertion mutagenesis. Finally, the pathogenesis of a defined mutant was compared to wild type A. hydrophila in channel catfish. The pfl of A. hydrophila was identified from two recombinant pBluescript SK(-) clones excised from a $\lambda$ ZAP II phage library. Both clones carried the same …

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Molecular Cloning, Sequencing, And Regulation Of The Rhodobacter Capsulatushemb Gene., Karl Joseph Indest Jan 1995

Molecular Cloning, Sequencing, And Regulation Of The Rhodobacter Capsulatushemb Gene., Karl Joseph Indest

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The common tetrapyrrole pathway in the photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter capsulatus, is responsible for the synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll, heme, vitamin B-12, and siroheme. The common portion of this pathway is regulated up to 100-fold by changes in oxygen tension. This regulation is accomplished by controlling the intracellular level of porphobilinogen. One way in which porphobilinogen levels could be controlled is by regulating the synthesis of porphobilinogen. Porphobilinogen synthase, encoded by the hemB gene, is the second enzyme in the common tetrapyrrole pathway that catalyzes the dimerization of 5-aminolevulinic acid to form the monopyrrole porphobilinogen. In order to further investigate the mechanism …

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Elucidation And Modulation Of Ceb Metabolism In Fischer 344 Rats: Possible Mechanisms Of Toxicity And Anticarcinogenicity., Judith Sara Prescott-Mathews Jan 1995

Elucidation And Modulation Of Ceb Metabolism In Fischer 344 Rats: Possible Mechanisms Of Toxicity And Anticarcinogenicity., Judith Sara Prescott-Mathews

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The ability of acivicin (AT-125), probenecid, and aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), to ameliorate 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane (CEB)-induced nephrotoxicity and karyomegaly was evaluated by histopathology and histomorphometry. Epithelial cell necrosis and karyomegaly were observed in the renal proximal tubules at 24 and 48 hours in all of the treated groups with the exception of AOAA pretreated rats at 24 hours. A predominant urinary metabolite of CEB was identified as the mercapturate, N-acetyl-S-(4-cyano-2-thio-1-butyl)-cysteine. Evidence of other urinary metabolites was also demonstrated. The influence of inhibitors on the GSH-enhancing effect of CEB was determined through measurement of tissue GSH levels and $\gamma$-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (GCS) activity. Hepatic …

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A Study Of Differences In Binding Of Hepatic Nuclear Proteins To The Upstream Region Of Glucocorticoid Regulated Tyrosine Aminotransferase Gene In Lean And Obese Rats., Huijun Dong Jan 1995

A Study Of Differences In Binding Of Hepatic Nuclear Proteins To The Upstream Region Of Glucocorticoid Regulated Tyrosine Aminotransferase Gene In Lean And Obese Rats., Huijun Dong

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Glucocorticoids are required for the development of all forms of experimental obesity. Studies on Zucker fa/fa rats have revealed that the obese Zucker rat is hyper-responsive to the effects of glucocorticoids. This excessive response may result from an alteration in level or activity of a transcription factor in nuclei of obese fa/fa rat. Evidence from gel retardation assays using DNA fragments from the upstream region of glucocorticoid regulated tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) gene and the nuclear extracts from obese and lean rats showed in this study that an increased amount of DNA fragment was shifted by nuclear extracts from obese rats …

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Effects Of Exogenous Female Sex Hormones On Food Intake, Macronutrients And Body Weight In The Ovariectomized Postbreeder Female Rat., Jan Barton Hamilton Jan 1995

Effects Of Exogenous Female Sex Hormones On Food Intake, Macronutrients And Body Weight In The Ovariectomized Postbreeder Female Rat., Jan Barton Hamilton

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is chosen by a growing segment of the postmenopausal population. Mid-life body weight gain is perceived to increase further with exogenous HRT. To examine hormonal effects on caloric intake (CI), carbohydrate (CHO), FAT, protein (PRO), chocolate and body weight (BW) in a female model, Sprague-Dawley postbreeder (n = 55) rats (10 mos., 10 litters of pups) were ovariectomized (OV) and implanted with 17 $\beta$ estradiol (E) and/or progesterone (P), or placebo in three separate studies (phases) of 10 days each. Uterine weights (p =.0001) and radioimmunoassay confirmed hormonal bioactivity. The sham (S) group with placebo implant …

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Biochemical And Microbiological Characteristics Of Ground Beef In Modified Atmosphere Packaging With Gas Exchange., Chung-Ping Ho Jan 1995

Biochemical And Microbiological Characteristics Of Ground Beef In Modified Atmosphere Packaging With Gas Exchange., Chung-Ping Ho

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The shelf-life of ground beef in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with exchange of gases before retail display was compared with conventional vacuum packaging (VP) and overwrapping with polyvinylchloride film (PVC) for display. Ground beef patties in MAP with distribution gases of 20% $\rm N\sb2:80\%\ CO\sb2,\ 50\%\ N\sb2:50\%\ CO\sb2,\ or\ 80\%\ N\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2$ and display gases of 80% $\rm O\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2,\ 50\%\ O\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2:30\%\ N\sb2,$ or 20% $\rm O\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2:60\%\ N\sb2$ had decreased weight loss, microorganism growth rate, metmyoglobin formation, and color degradation compared with patties in VP-PVC. Increased CO$\sb2$ during distribution retarded microbial growth. Display gas mixtures with higher O$\sb2$ …

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Biotic And Abiotic Factors That Affect The Development And Survival Of Cat Flea (Ctenocephalides Felis (Bouche)) Life Stages., William Joseph Lawrence Jr Jan 1995

Biotic And Abiotic Factors That Affect The Development And Survival Of Cat Flea (Ctenocephalides Felis (Bouche)) Life Stages., William Joseph Lawrence Jr

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Biotic and abiotic factors that affect the development and survival of cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis (Bouche)) life stages were studied. Adult feas maintained on an artificial host system exhibited high rates of mortality when provided with dog hair substrates washed in either hexane or soap and water. Delayed egg production for fleas provided with bovine blood containing Na Citrate concentrations $>$8 mM was observed. Fleas fed with Na Citrate concentrations $\ge$24 mM had an increase in blood consumption and mortality. Certain concentrations of testosterone fed to fleas either in steer blood or in an alternate blood meal were associated …

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Follicular Development Patterns Of Pregnant Mares During The First Half Of Gestation., Marius Meintjes Jan 1995

Follicular Development Patterns Of Pregnant Mares During The First Half Of Gestation., Marius Meintjes

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Information gained by studying follicular wave and endocrinological patterns of pregnant mares, may be useful in understanding reproductive wastage, infertility, control of the estrous cycle and physiological function of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG). Furthermore, supplementary follicular development, characteristic of the early equine pregnancy, may be used to harvest oocytes for gamete intrafallopian tube transfer and in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. The objectives of this study were to: characterize follicular wave patterns during the first half of the equine pregnancy; relate follicular development patterns to serum levels of estradiol-17$\beta$, progesterone, FSH and eCG; evaluate the effect of fetal genotype on follicular …

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Aqueous Processing Influences On Composition And Functionality Of Mechanically Separated Broiler Meat., Henri Khalil Salman Jan 1995

Aqueous Processing Influences On Composition And Functionality Of Mechanically Separated Broiler Meat., Henri Khalil Salman

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The demand for breast meat has caused a surplus of broiler legquarters, which cannot be easily or efficiently deboned by hand. Oxidative stability and texture of mince recovered with two mechanical deboners, a belt/drum separator with 5 mm (BD5), 2 mm (BD2), and 5 mm followed by 2 mm (BD5/2) drum or auger/sieve (SD) deboner with slit openings of 0.25 mm, were evaluated. Mechanical deboned chicken meat (MDCM) had higher fat, ash and lower moisture than hand deboned meat. BD2 meat contained calcium at levels below those allowed by USDA, but had higher fat that decreased oxidative stability. Washing of …

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Binding Of Hepatic Nuclear Proteins From Obese And Lean Zucker Rats To The Upstream Region Of Malic Enzyme Gene., Yibing Wang Jan 1995

Binding Of Hepatic Nuclear Proteins From Obese And Lean Zucker Rats To The Upstream Region Of Malic Enzyme Gene., Yibing Wang

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Adrenal glucocorticoids are essential for the development of all forms of experimental obesity. In the obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats, adrenalectomy prevents the further development of obesity, and glucocorticoid replacement restores the obese phenotype. We have hypothesized that this dependence on glucocorticoids is due to differences in transcriptional regulation of a group of genes that are normally regulated by glucocorticoids. We have chosen to study the DNA fragments from the upstream region of the malic enzyme (ME) gene, which is positively regulated by glucocorticoids. Hepatic nuclear extracts from lean and obese Zucker rats were used in band shift studies to look …

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Dietary Chromium Supplementation For Pigs And Chickens., Terry Lynn Ward Jan 1995

Dietary Chromium Supplementation For Pigs And Chickens., Terry Lynn Ward

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Three experiments were conducted with pigs and four experiments were conducted with chickens to determine the effects of supplemental dietary Cr on growth performance, carcass characteristics, tissue minerals and plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations. In pigs (Exp. 1) 200 ppb Cr from seven different sources tended to decrease performance during the grower phase and increase growth performance during the finisher phase. Dietary Cr had minimal effects on plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations and Cr did not affect carcass characteristics. In general, dietary Cr increased tissue Cr concentration, except for longissimus muscle (LM). In Exp. 2, pigs were fed 400 ppb …

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In Vitro Maturation, In Vitro Fertilization And Development Of Bovine Oocytes., Li Zhang Jan 1995

In Vitro Maturation, In Vitro Fertilization And Development Of Bovine Oocytes., Li Zhang

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

To improve the efficiency of the culture system for bovine in vitro fertilization (IVF), several factors affecting the success of in vitro maturation (IVM), IVF and in vitro culture (IVC) of bovine oocytes were studied. A simple and efficient procedure has been developed for IVM/IVF/IVC of bovine follicular oocytes, which consistently produced 45 to 50% morulae and blastocysts during the treatment of over 6,000 oocytes. Ovary holding temperatures of $\rm 0\sp\circ C,\ 18\sp\circ C\ and\ 25\sp\circ C$ were found to affect the rate of maturation, fertilization and cleavage (P $<$ 0.05). When ovaries were held at 25$\sp\circ$C for 3 h, 20% of the oocytes developed to blastocysts and hatched in vitro, indicating that this temperature is suitable for holding ovaries during transportation. The highest cleavage rate (79%) was obtained when oocytes were matured and fertilized both at 39$\sp\circ$C in 5% CO$\sb2$. Fertilization rate was impaired with a lowered incubation temperature (37$\sp\circ$C) and CO$\sb2$ level (2.5%). Cumulus cells were shown to be important and necessary for IVM and acquisition of competence for full embryonic development. Cumulus cell removal before IVM, before IVF or 7 h after IVF reduced the rates of maturation, fertilization and development at all embryo stages evaluated (P $<$.05). Cumulus cell removal at 20 h after fertilization resulted in a rate of development similar to control embryos (P $>$.05). Co-culture enhanced the development of IVF-derived embryos. More embryos …

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Daily Variations Of Lipogenic Activities In Japanese Quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)., Bruce L. Tedford Jan 1995

Daily Variations Of Lipogenic Activities In Japanese Quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)., Bruce L. Tedford

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Studies were made in Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) to determine if daily variations of plasma insulin and de novo lipogenesis exists and examine the roles of daily variations in lipogenic responsiveness to insulin and prolactin. A daily variation in plasma insulin levels exists in quail fed ad libitum, with photophase levels 4.6 times greater than scotophase levels. This variation was not driven exclusively by the feeding of the quail, because insulin levels had dropped by dark onset, yet all bird's crops contained food at this time. There was a daily variation in the amount of $\sp{14}$C-acetate labelled lipids extracted …

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Nitrogen Biogeochemistry Of Aquaculture Pond Sediments., John Albert Hargreaves Jan 1995

Nitrogen Biogeochemistry Of Aquaculture Pond Sediments., John Albert Hargreaves

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Aquaculture pond water quality is dominated by planktonic processes, although the high surface-to-volume ratio suggests that sediment has the potential to effect important changes in water quality. The objectives of this research were to evaluate annual variation of sediment nitrogen biogeochemistry and develop a model of annual variation in ammonia concentration in a commercial channel catfish pond. In addition, the effects of physical and chemical sediment management techniques on water quality in aquatic mesocosms were evaluated. Sediment nitrogen was dominated by organic (92-96%) and adsorbed ammonium (2-4%) fractions. Porewater ammonium comprised the smallest yet most dynamic component of sediment N, …

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Estimation Of Genetic Parameters For Preweaning Growth Traits Of Crossbred Cattle., Denis Jose Salgado-Fonseca Jan 1995

Estimation Of Genetic Parameters For Preweaning Growth Traits Of Crossbred Cattle., Denis Jose Salgado-Fonseca

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Data from a long-term rotational crossbreeding study involving Angus, Brahman, Charolais and Hereford cattle were analyzed to evaluate the importance of maternal effects on birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT) and preweaning average daily gain (ADG) and, to estimate genetic parameters. Six different animal models were fitted for each trait, ranging from a single additive to a maternal animal model allowing for both genetic and environmental maternal effects and a genetic covariance between direct and maternal additive effects. Genetic effects were obtained using a maternal animal model allowing for a maternal additive effect and a direct-maternal additive covariance (Model 4). …

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The Production Of Triploid Oyster Larvae (Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin)) In Louisiana., John Eric Supan Jan 1995

The Production Of Triploid Oyster Larvae (Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin)) In Louisiana., John Eric Supan

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Gonadal recycling of oyster broodstock, salinity effects during induction, and cytochalasin B (CB) dosage were investigated as factors affecting the production of triploid oyster larvae in Louisiana. These factors were studied at an oyster hatchery on Grand Isle, LA during 1992-1994 to help transfer triploid oyster technology to the Gulf region. Oyster broodstock were held nearshore in Caminada Bay, Louisiana and histologically analyzed between induced spawnings and during the winter of 1992-1993. Gametogenesis was analyzed qualitatively by developmental staging and quantitatively using mean gonad/body ratios (GBR) per section. The monthly percent occurrence of the developmental stages, as well as histological …

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Changes Of Amylases And Carbohydrates In Sweetpotatoes During Storage And Their Effects On Viscosity Of Sweetpotato Puree., Xiangyong Liu Jan 1995

Changes Of Amylases And Carbohydrates In Sweetpotatoes During Storage And Their Effects On Viscosity Of Sweetpotato Puree., Xiangyong Liu

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A critical problem associated with the production of sweetpotato puree is the inconsistency of final product. Two possible factors, amylase activity and carbohydrate content in sweetpotatoes during storage, were investigated. It was found that $\alpha$- and $\beta$-amylase activities do not significantly change during storage, and have no significant effects on viscosity of sweetpotato puree. The inconsistent products in sweetpotato puree processing are mostly due to the change of alcohol insoluble solids (AIS) in sweetpotatoes during storage. The decrease of AIS is partially due to respiration that converts starch into CO$\sb2$ and H$\sb2$O. A new bio-processing method was proposed to improve …

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Myoglobin And Lipid Stability Of Meat And Liposome Model Systems With Modified Atmosphere Packaging., Nai-Yun Huang Jan 1995

Myoglobin And Lipid Stability Of Meat And Liposome Model Systems With Modified Atmosphere Packaging., Nai-Yun Huang

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The influences of lipid peroxidation and pigment autoxidation in beef and liposome model systems were examined in modified atmosphere packaging containing oxygen (O$\sb2).$ Ground beef of 75 and 90% lean were packaged in 80% nitrogen (N$\sb2){:}20\%$ carbon dioxide (C$\sb2)$ for distribution and storage atmospheres were exchanged for 80% $\rm O\sb2{:}20\%\ CO\sb2$ at 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27 or 29 days postpackaging before retail display. On the same postpackaging day, samples from longer gas exchange, but shorter display times had lower lipid oxidation, psychrotrophic growth, metmyoglobin formation, discoloration and odor scores when compared with samples from shorter gas exchange times …

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Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Fall 1994, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station Oct 1994

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Fall 1994, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Development Of Aluminum Tolerance In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Through Tissue Culture Techniques., Herry S. Utomo Jan 1994

Development Of Aluminum Tolerance In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Through Tissue Culture Techniques., Herry S. Utomo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Three tissue culture techniques, somaclone evaluation, in vitro screening of suspension cells, and in vitro screening of protoplasts were evaluated for their potential to produce aluminum (Al) tolerant rice. For somaclone evaluation, a collection of 9,000 rice somaclones was screened. After 11 days of germination in 200 uM Al, the length of the primary root was measured and used as the criterion for selection since a principal effect of Al toxicity is inhibition of root growth. Four superior lines were identified. Root length of the most tolerant line was 50% greater than its control following germination in screening solution. A …

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Development Of A Body Image Assessment Procedure For Children And Pre-Adolescents., Staci Veron Guidry Jan 1994

Development Of A Body Image Assessment Procedure For Children And Pre-Adolescents., Staci Veron Guidry

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Eating disorders have been researched extensively among adult, and, more recently, among adolescent populations. Body image disturbance is included as a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, and has been postulated as a central characteristic of the eating disorders. Researchers have identified eating disorders among prepubertal children; therefore, there is a need for the development of reliable and valid measures of eating disorders and body image in children. In this investigation, a total of 257 children in grades 3 through 7 completed the Children's Eating Attitudes Test, Children's Depression Inventory, Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale physical appearance and …

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Paraganglioma In The Vertebral Canal Of A Cow, Dae Yong Kim, Mae K. Lopez, Alvin C. Camus, E. Clay Hodgin, D. Gene Luther Jan 1994

Paraganglioma In The Vertebral Canal Of A Cow, Dae Yong Kim, Mae K. Lopez, Alvin C. Camus, E. Clay Hodgin, D. Gene Luther

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Sodium Bentonite Or Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate On Growth Performance And Tibia Mineral Concentrations In Broiler Chicks Fed Nutrient-Deficient Diets., L. L. Southern, T. L. Ward, T. D. Bidner, L. G. Hebert Jan 1994

Effect Of Sodium Bentonite Or Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate On Growth Performance And Tibia Mineral Concentrations In Broiler Chicks Fed Nutrient-Deficient Diets., L. L. Southern, T. L. Ward, T. D. Bidner, L. G. Hebert

Faculty Publications

An experiment was conducted to determine whether sodium bentonite (NaB) or hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCA) would affect growth performance and tibia mineral concentrations in chicks fed nutrient-deficient diets. Two identical trials were conducted; each using 240 5- to 19-d-old broiler chicks (4 replicates of 5 chicks each) in a completely random design. A factorial arrangement of treatments consisted of four types of nutrient deficiencies [nutritionally complete basal (C), macromineral-deficient (-MM), trace mineral- and vitamin-deficient (-TMV), and crude protein-deficient (-CP)], and three types of additive (none, .5% NaB, and .5% HSCA). The -MM and -TMV diets reduced (P < .01), gain, feed intake, and gain:feed. The -CP diet decreased (P < .01) gain and gain:feed but did not affect (P > .10) feed …

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Lsu General Catalog 1994-1995, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 1994

Lsu General Catalog 1994-1995, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

LSU General Catalog

The LSU General Catalog describes all undergraduate and graduate departments and programs with degree requirements and courses offered for each one. The General Catalog includes information on registration and financial aid as well as academic services offered to all students.

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Comparative Hepatic Oxidative Biotransformation In Domestic Avian Species., June Lynn Sutherlin Jan 1994

Comparative Hepatic Oxidative Biotransformation In Domestic Avian Species., June Lynn Sutherlin

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study characterized the oxidative biotransformation capacity of the hepatic cytochrome P-450 system of selected avian species representing the Galliformes (chicken, turkey and Japanese quail) and Anseriformes (goose, Pekin duck, Khaki Campbell duck, and Muscovy duck) orders. Two objectives were addressed; first, important biotransformation pathways were evaluated in economically major and minor food-producing avian species to provide a framework on which to base drug approval decisions in these species. Second, the potential use of the selected species as sentinel organisms utilizing cytochrome P-450 induction as a biomarker of environmental chemical exposure was evaluated. The male rat was utilized for the …

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Effects Of Dietary Boron In Rats Fed A Vitamin D-Deficient Diet, J. N. Dupre, M. J. Keenan, M. Hegsted, A. M. Brudevold Jan 1994

Effects Of Dietary Boron In Rats Fed A Vitamin D-Deficient Diet, J. N. Dupre, M. J. Keenan, M. Hegsted, A. M. Brudevold

Faculty Publications

Although boron has long been known to be a required nutrient for plants, it was not until recently that there was any suggestion of a nutritional requirement for animals and humans. Addition of boron to the diet of vitamin D-deficient chicks indicated that boron may play a role in animal nutrition. Studies with rats have demonstrated that supplemental dietary boron has most marked effects when the diet is deficient in known nutrients. We observed higher apparent-balance values of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus for rats fed a vitamin D-deprived diet with dietary supplemental boron (2.72 ppm), than for rats fed the …

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Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Crawfish Processing By-Products For Bioflavor Production., Hyung-Hee Baek Jan 1994

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Crawfish Processing By-Products For Bioflavor Production., Hyung-Hee Baek

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Crawfish processing by-products (CPBs) were hydrolyzed using protease to evaluate the potential for bioflavor production. Ten commercial proteases (neutral and alkaline) were tested at both 37$\sp\circ$C and their optimum temperatures using CPBs as substrate. Of these, APL-440 was selected for enzymatic hydrolysis of CPBs on the basis of activity per cost. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the hydrolysis of CPBs using APL-440. Optimum hydrolysis conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of CPBs with APL-440 were determined to be pH 8-9, 65$\sp\circ$C, 2.5 hr reaction time, 75% substrate concentration, and 0.3% APL-440. Two types of CPBs (composite and claw) were …

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Instrumental And Sensory Characterization Of The Flavor Of Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus) Meat And Processing By-Product., Hau Yin Chung Jan 1994

Instrumental And Sensory Characterization Of The Flavor Of Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus) Meat And Processing By-Product., Hau Yin Chung

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) meat and its processing by-product (CPB) were characterized by instrumental, olfactometric, and sensory techniques to determine the usefulness of CPB as a feed stock for flavor recovery. Instrumental analysis with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography/Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (GC/FTIR) allowed for the identification of 77 and 80 compounds in claw meat and CPB, respectively. Fifty-five compounds were found common to both samples, suggesting that CPB could be a good source for flavor recovery. Quantitatively, trimethylamine (TMA), alkanes (C15-C17, C19), and indole were high ($>$50ng/g) in claw meat while TMA, carbon disulfide, dimethyltrisulfide, alkanes …

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