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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
From Theory To Practice: A Qualitative Content Analysis Of Mental Health Factors In Sentencing Decisions, Crystal Ortiz M.A.
From Theory To Practice: A Qualitative Content Analysis Of Mental Health Factors In Sentencing Decisions, Crystal Ortiz M.A.
Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-
The overrepresentation of individuals diagnosed with severe mental illness sentenced within the criminal justice system remains a significant concern in the United States. While existing literature discusses the prevalence of mental health concerns among offenders, it does not acknowledge the importance of considering an offender’s mental health in sentencing as standard practice within the justice system. Research highlights the importance of individualized sentencing plans, the use of validated risk and needs assessment tools, and multidisciplinary collaboration among mental health professionals and law enforcement agencies to comprehensively evaluate an individual’s mental health history and needs (Skeem et al., 2006; Steadman et …
School Personnel Perceptions Of School-Based Mental Health Prevention And Interventions, Kelsey Lytle
School Personnel Perceptions Of School-Based Mental Health Prevention And Interventions, Kelsey Lytle
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Despite millions of children across the United States experiencing at least one mental health disorder about half do not receive any sort of treatment or counseling. Within schools, many children receive formal intervention services once they are identified. However, there are many other children who would benefit greatly from learning social emotional skills who have not been identified. Prevention could be a great resource to prevent children from falling through the cracks. The purpose of this study was to assess personnel perceptions on the school’s role in student mental health, mental health interventions and prevention, evidence-based practices, and barrier to …
Disproportionality Of English Learners In Special Education, Alysa Gordon
Disproportionality Of English Learners In Special Education, Alysa Gordon
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the presence of disproportionality of English learners in special education. The search process yielded evidence of both overrepresentation and underrepresentation of English learners in special education, with some studies indicating disproportionality in specific disability categories. Underrepresentation was found to be present in categories of emotional behavioral disability, speech and language impairment, other health impairment, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism. Overrepresentation was found to be present in multiple disability categories, especially with specific learning disabilities and speech language impairment. Potential variables that could be contributors to overrepresentation were found to be educators’ …
Examining Antecedents Of Diversity Initiative Fatigue: A Moderatedmediation Model, Anne Simpson
Examining Antecedents Of Diversity Initiative Fatigue: A Moderatedmediation Model, Anne Simpson
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
This thesis investigates the relationships between bias awareness, motivation to respond without prejudice, racialized attitudes, and diversity initiative fatigue (DIF) among employees within an academic setting, specifically focusing on faculty and staff at Western Kentucky University. Data were collected through a survey-based approach to measure these constructs and assess their relationships. This study hypothesized that bias awareness negatively correlates with DIF and motivation to respond without prejudice mediating this relationship. Furthermore, the research examines how racialized attitudes moderate the relationship between bias awareness and motivation to respond without prejudice. By examining these relationships using a moderated mediation model, the study …
Examining The Impact Of A Mobile-Delivered Brief Intervention On Substance Coping Motives Among A Sample Of Interpersonal Trauma Survivors With Heavy Alcohol Use, Lily Milam
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Brief interventions (BIs) aim to reduce risky alcohol use but show limited effectiveness for interpersonal trauma (IPT) survivors, who may use alcohol to cope with trauma-related issues. BIs typically do not target coping-related motivations or include effective emotion regulation strategies, which may improve outcomes for at-risk groups like IPT survivors. Additionally, digital interventions often struggle with low engagement. This study examined a trauma-informed and peer-supported BI to reduce coping-related drinking motives in heavy drinking young adults and assess its effectiveness compared to a standard BI and assessment only condition. Participants (N=133, 79.2% Female, 91.2% White, M age=19.77) with a lifetime …
Personality And How It Relates To Coping Flexibility, Rebecca Kearns
Personality And How It Relates To Coping Flexibility, Rebecca Kearns
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Stressful events, negative emotions, and negative events are all a normal part of life. How we react and cope with these events can reduce the damage stress can have on our mental health and well-being. There are many ways to cope with situations, but not all are considered to be beneficial. The ability to alternate between different coping strategies within a given situation is called coping flexibility. Having high coping flexibility is considered to be healthy and adaptive, but not everyone possesses the ability to flexibly cope with situations. Personality may explain individual differences among coping flexibility. The big five …
Social Comparison And Pressure: Examining The Roles Of Sex And Rank, Ashley East
Social Comparison And Pressure: Examining The Roles Of Sex And Rank, Ashley East
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Faculty in academia face intense competition and growing expectations, often shaped by perceptions of others’ performance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these dynamics were magnified, making social comparison a critical factor in understanding academic workplace pressures. The purpose of this study is to examine the changing work pressures and social comparison tendencies among academics during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is hypothesized that social comparison tendencies will be positively related to time pressure (H1a) and telepressure (H1b), with moderation by sex (H2a and H2b) and organizational rank (H3a and H3b). Using a panel survey of 197 tenure-track and tenured faculty members in …
College Students’ Beliefs: Association Between Skin Color And Acceptance, Christopher James Thompson
College Students’ Beliefs: Association Between Skin Color And Acceptance, Christopher James Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
The Multiracial population represents the fastest-growing demographic group in the United States and is expected to more than double by 2060 (Vespa et al., 2018). Despite this rapid increase in the Multiracial population, there is a dearth of research regarding racial identity development, anxiety, and depression on this group. Social inclusion has been recognized as a fundamental human need, and Multiracial individuals may be more likely to be accepted into a majority group if their appearance is racially ambiguous. The current study builds on previous knowledge by utilizing a novel measure developed to examine the beliefs held by Monoracial and …
The Psychometric Properties Of A Spanish Version Of The Attitudes And Beliefs Scale-2 Short Form In A Mexican Sample, Verónica Compeán
The Psychometric Properties Of A Spanish Version Of The Attitudes And Beliefs Scale-2 Short Form In A Mexican Sample, Verónica Compeán
Theses and Dissertations
The Attitudes and Beliefs Scale 2-Short Form (ABS2-SF) is one of the most widely used measures of irrational and rational beliefs central to Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). While evidence supports its reliability and validity in English-speaking populations, little is known about its applicability across cultural and linguistic groups. This study investigated the psychometric properties and cultural validity of the Spanish version of the ABS2-SF in a Mexican sample (n = 579) collected from undergraduate students in Tampico, Mexico, and compared them with English-speaking American non-clinical samples (n = 1,167). Using a bifactor multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA), I examined …
Severity Profiles Of Preschool-Aged Children And Their Associations With Maternal Help-Seeking: A Latent Profile Analysis, Samuel T. Jackson
Severity Profiles Of Preschool-Aged Children And Their Associations With Maternal Help-Seeking: A Latent Profile Analysis, Samuel T. Jackson
Theses and Dissertations
Parents of preschoolers are more likely to seek treatment for childhood depression compared to anxiety and behavioral disorders. Atypicality and stability have been implicated in relation to help-seeking, but it is not known how they differ between disorders and whether such differences impact help-seeking. The current study grouped mothers based on their atypicality and stability appraisals across disorders; tested for differences in appraisals between disorders; and then tested for differences in help-seeking based on group membership. Participants were 272 adult mothers of preschool-aged children. Mothers read a series of vignettes describing preschool-aged children with depression, anxiety, and ADHD, and then …
How Therapists’ Perceptions Impact Disseminating And Implementing Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Maddi R. Gervasio
How Therapists’ Perceptions Impact Disseminating And Implementing Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Maddi R. Gervasio
Theses and Dissertations
In the United States, 60% of youth experience a traumatic event before the age of 18 (Lawrence-Sidebottom et al., 2024) and childhood trauma is associated with a range of psychopathology. Although evidence-based therapies like Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT; Cohen et al., 2017) are available, only 14-22% of traumatized youth receive trauma-specific practices during treatment (Borntrager et al., 2013). Barriers to disseminating and implementing TF-CBT and similar interventions exist at the micro (e.g., therapist and client) and macro (e.g., systemic) levels (e.g., Gervasio & Herren, 2020). Emerging research focused on training in trauma therapists found that therapists’ negative perceptions about the …
Evaluating Task Demands And Task Characteristics Analysis Among School Psychologists, Alessandra Miceli
Evaluating Task Demands And Task Characteristics Analysis Among School Psychologists, Alessandra Miceli
Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive ability assessments are central to psychoeducational evaluations, informing decisions regarding interventions and supports for students. While cognitive assessment theories have historically emphasized quantitative data in score interpretation, they have increasingly reflected the need to consider qualitative information, a longstanding tenet of neuropsychological assessment. Frameworks such as the Integrated School Neuropsychology/Cattell-Horn-Carroll (SNP/CHC) Model and the Cognitive Hypothesis Testing (CHT) Model emphasize the importance of analyzing subtest task demands and task characteristics to explain unexpected score discrepancies. Despite these recommendations, little is known about school psychologists’ familiarity with these analyses and their use in the interpretation of test performance. This study …
A Cross Attention Approach To Diagnostic Explainability Using Clinical Practice Guidelines For Depression, Sumit Dalal, Deepa Tilwani, Manas Gaur, Sarika Jain, Valerie L. Shalin, Amit P. Sheth
A Cross Attention Approach To Diagnostic Explainability Using Clinical Practice Guidelines For Depression, Sumit Dalal, Deepa Tilwani, Manas Gaur, Sarika Jain, Valerie L. Shalin, Amit P. Sheth
Psychology Faculty Publications
The lack of explainability in using relevant clinical knowledge hinders the adoption of artificial intelligence-powered analysis of unstructured clinical dialogue. A wealth of relevant, untapped Mental Health (MH) data is available in online communities, providing the opportunity to address the explainability problem with substantial potential impact as a screening tool for both online and offline applications. Inspired by how clinicians rely on their expertise when interacting with patients, we leverage relevant clinical knowledge to classify and explain depression-related data, reducing manual review time and engendering trust. We developed a method to enhance attention in contemporary transformer models and generate explanations …
Constructing Connections: A Phenomenological Explanation Of Loneliness In First-Year Undergraduates, Natalie S. Byrd, Sophia C. Mccabe, Jessica R. Robinson
Constructing Connections: A Phenomenological Explanation Of Loneliness In First-Year Undergraduates, Natalie S. Byrd, Sophia C. Mccabe, Jessica R. Robinson
Soaring: A Journal of Undergraduate Research
Loneliness is a pervasive phenomenon among college students globally, which has been previously explored in qualitative research. "Friendsickness,” focused on the preoccupation with lost or changed pre-college friendships, is linked to heightened social concerns, discrepancies between expectations and experiences, and loneliness in college (Paul & Brier, 2001). Additionally, pre-college romantic and familial relationships can impact first-year college students' social adjustment and loneliness levels (Calderon Leon et al., 2022; Paul et al., 1998). Guided by social constructivist theory, this phenomenological study explores the lived experiences of eight undergraduate students at a small liberal arts college in the Northeast United States. This …
Playing Empathy: The Impacts Of Theatre On Empathy, Isabelle J. Daoust
Playing Empathy: The Impacts Of Theatre On Empathy, Isabelle J. Daoust
Honors Program Theses
The purpose of this study is to address a gap in the literature regarding the relationship between theatre and empathy; specifically, investigating how varying levels of participation in theatre may influence cognitive and affective empathy. This study examines whether empathy can be fostered through mere observation of theatre or whether active participation yields greater effects. Twenty-eight undergraduate participants, all of whom attend a small liberal arts college in the United States, either participated in three theatre games or observed their fellow participants playing them. The results did not support the primary hypotheses, as most empathy-related measures showed no statistically significant …
Effortful Emotion Regulation Strategy Use And Cognition: An Individual Differences Approach, Christopher John Schmank
Effortful Emotion Regulation Strategy Use And Cognition: An Individual Differences Approach, Christopher John Schmank
CGU Theses & Dissertations
As we age, several cognitive abilities decline, yet the ability to regulate emotions remains stable (or improves) even when the emotion regulation strategy required is mentally effortful (i.e., requires cognitive resources for success). The primary aim of this dissertation was to examine how expressive suppression (i.e., the inhibition of emotional responses and behavior) impacts cognitive processing speed following a sadness induction procedure. Groups of younger (participants between 18 – 29 years of age) and older (participants over 60 years of age) adults completed three measures of processing speed, first following a no-regulation control condition. The control condition began with participants …
Centering Sisterhood: An Exploration Of Black Mothers’ Wellness Experiences Through A Group Therapy Intervention, Kimberly Stokes
Centering Sisterhood: An Exploration Of Black Mothers’ Wellness Experiences Through A Group Therapy Intervention, Kimberly Stokes
Wayne State University Dissertations
The brilliance of Black mothers has centered their community’s progression and perseverance for centuries. Yet, most of the psychological research is either absent or promotes a deficit-framing of their experiences. In the present study, I use critical qualitative methodology to center the wellness experiences of Black mothers through analyzing a group therapy intervention entitled, Invincible Black Women. I aimed to promote strength-based, holistic research and practice for Black mothers. The research questions guiding this study focused on group participants’ definitions and applications of care practices as well as the role of mothering as explained in group therapy sessions. Sessions were …
The Mediating Role Of Social Connectedness In The Association Between Volunteering And Affect In Daily Life: A Dynamic Approach, Megan E. Mansfield
The Mediating Role Of Social Connectedness In The Association Between Volunteering And Affect In Daily Life: A Dynamic Approach, Megan E. Mansfield
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Sustained engagement in prosocial behaviors, like volunteering is an evidence-supported facilitator of well-being. Volunteering and well-being are also dynamic processes unfolding over long and short timespans, which is well reflected in research on well-being (e.g., Heshmati et al., 2023) but less so in the research on volunteering. This is the case despite existing evidence demonstrating that dynamic changes in components of well-being, like emotions, are associated with engagement in particular behaviors including civic or prosocial behaviors (Hou & Bonanno, 2018; Snippe et al., 2017). Therefore, it would be reasonable to suspect that volunteering may have a similar dynamic relationship with …
Personal Wisdom And Coping: Insights From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Noah Ringler
Personal Wisdom And Coping: Insights From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Noah Ringler
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Much of personal wisdom research has focused on the relationship between personal wisdom and difficult life events (DLEs). Research indicates that those high in personal wisdom cope more effectively with DLEs. However, these studies primarily focused on older adults and assessed coping through well-being measures. Seeking to address these limitations, Ringler (2021) found that mindfulness partially mediates the relationship between personal wisdom and coping with DLEs (measured through meaning-making) in a more age-diverse sample. Despite this progress, several gaps in knowledge remain. For example, there is still a lack of understanding about how wisdom relates to the use of specific …
Outness Through A Cultural Lens: Self-Construal Impacts Disclosure Among Diverse Sexual Minority Individuals, Ivy Alexandra Carrete
Outness Through A Cultural Lens: Self-Construal Impacts Disclosure Among Diverse Sexual Minority Individuals, Ivy Alexandra Carrete
CGU Theses & Dissertations
This research aimed to advance an empirically informed understanding of the role of culture in sexual identity management decisions and disclosure tendencies among sexual minority individuals (SMIs) from diverse ethnic backgrounds. Sexual identity management decisions – in relation to voluntary disclosure of sexual identity – reflect purposeful interactions between SMIs and their environments shaped by the self-concept and resulting in motivational preferences and tendencies regarding disclosure that permeate across social contexts and life domains (Jones & King, 2014, Lidderdale et al, 2007; Ragins, 2008). Recognizing cultural worldviews (e.g., collectivism and individualism) as deeply embedded within the self-concept, the present research …
Resisting Racial Oppression: Ethnic Identity & Critical Consciousness As Pathways To Thriving For Young Black, Indigenous, And People Of Color, Adriana Ariza
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Young Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) in the United States continuously defy the odds through resilience, resistance, and the pursuit of liberation, yet they are historically understudied as agents of their own positive development within the context of racial oppression (García Coll et al., 1996). This explanatory sequential mixed-method study examined how 393 BIPOC-identifying youth (ages 18-25) thrive amid racial oppression. Survey results initially indicated that higher levels of perceived racial discrimination were related to higher levels of thriving, as measured by the 5Cs model of positive youth development (Lerner et al., 2005). In alignment with previous theoretical …
Theories Of Child Development & Theories Of Religious And Spiritual Development (Rsd) In Children, Marjorie Lindner Gunnoe
Theories Of Child Development & Theories Of Religious And Spiritual Development (Rsd) In Children, Marjorie Lindner Gunnoe
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
This essay introduces readers to the foundational theories of child development and the ways in which these theories have been applied or extended to children’s religious and spiritual development (RSD). By “foundational theories,” I mean the theories introduced in the opening chapters of developmental textbooks. This essay is not a theological critique of psychological theories (for this, see Gunnoe, 2022), nor a “state of the field” review of RSD (for this, see Boyatzis, 2023). Rather, it is a primer on the broad theoretical approaches that scaffold contemporary research on RSD.
A Motivational Approach To Understanding Uncertainty And Information-Seeking As An Inherent Condition Of Relationships, Samantha Brindley Wozniak
A Motivational Approach To Understanding Uncertainty And Information-Seeking As An Inherent Condition Of Relationships, Samantha Brindley Wozniak
Wayne State University Dissertations
Romantic relationships are precarious contexts where individuals have a significant opportunity to constrain their close other’s outcomes (Kelley & Thibault, 1978). Such circumstances make uncertainty in a relationship challenging and inherently impose vulnerability to hurt and rejection for both partners (Murray et al., 2006). To deal with these challenges, people are known to employ information-seeking behaviors as ways to improve confidence in their perceptions of the relationship (Knobloch & Solomon, 1999; 2002). Despite existing perspectives on relational uncertainty and communication, there lacks a parsimonious framework identifying what motivates different information-seeking behaviors. The research presented here suggests that a regulatory focus …
Experiences Of Community Leaders And Organizers Within The Stop Six Community, Caitlin Herron
Experiences Of Community Leaders And Organizers Within The Stop Six Community, Caitlin Herron
Social Work Theses - Archive
Although community-based and grassroots leadership research exists, little exists in the way of exploring the personal and relational experiences of community organizers to their work and to their community. Using data collected from semi-structured interviews with self-identified community leaders, this research addresses insights into their lived experiences. In particular, a thematic exploration looks at what appeared across each interview. This research is intended to serve as a basis for future research into the lived experiences of community organizers outside of one specific experience or cause, but rather to take an in-depth look into them, their perceptions, and their relationship to …
Quantity Over Quality? What Pupil Dilations Tell Us About Cognitive Effort At Learning., Durna Alakbarova
Quantity Over Quality? What Pupil Dilations Tell Us About Cognitive Effort At Learning., Durna Alakbarova
Psychology Dissertations - Archive
The current study examined whether pupil dilations at encoding reflect cognitive effort participants engage in a task. According to the cognitive effort hypothesis of pupil dilations, increases in cognitive effort cause activation of the locus coeruleus–norepinephrine (LC-NE) system, which is reflected in larger pupil dilations. While task-evoked pupillary responses (TEPRs) have been used as a marker of cognitive effort, it remains unclear whether changes in pupil size reflect encoding success. We proposed that the reason for conflicting findings on the topic is a lack of nuance in examining cognitive effort. Specifically, we suggested that cognitive effort consists of two separate …
Flexing The Frame: Training Abstract, Concrete, And Ambidextrous Thinking To Improve Creativity Across Leadership Styles, Sampoorna Nandi
Flexing The Frame: Training Abstract, Concrete, And Ambidextrous Thinking To Improve Creativity Across Leadership Styles, Sampoorna Nandi
Psychology Dissertations - Archive
This study examined whether training individuals in abstract, concrete, or ambidextrous construal-level thinking strategies enhances creative performance and whether the effectiveness of such training is moderated by leadership style within an aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) framework. Drawing on Construal Level Theory (CLT), participants (N = 235 undergraduate students) were randomly assigned to one of four training conditions and completed a low-fidelity planning task designed to assess creativity across three dimensions: originality, quality, and elegance. Results indicated that ambidexterity training—designed to promote flexible shifting between abstract and concrete thinking—significantly improved performance across all creativity dimensions, outperforming concrete and control (but not …
Parsimony, Parallelism, And Presentation: The Impact Of Presentation On Evaluation, Peter Mclemore
Parsimony, Parallelism, And Presentation: The Impact Of Presentation On Evaluation, Peter Mclemore
Psychology Theses - Archive
In professional and academic settings, support for creative ideas often hinges on how effectively those ideas are communicated in writing. This study examined how two sentence-level rhetorical features—parsimony and parallelism—influence the evaluation, support, and recall of written proposals featuring creative restaurant concepts. Using a 2×2 within-subjects design, 211 undergraduates reviewed proposals manipulated to vary in parsimony (high vs. low) and parallelism (high vs. low). Participants rated each proposal on quality, originality, elegance, support, and completed a recall task. Contrary to expectations, proposals with low parsimony and low parallelism received the highest evaluations across all three creative indicators (i.e., quality, originality, …
Excitation And Polarization Of Isolated Neurons By High-Frequency Sine Waves For Temporal Interference Stimulation, Iurii Semenov, Vitalii Kim, Giedre Silkuniene, Andrei G. Pakhomov
Excitation And Polarization Of Isolated Neurons By High-Frequency Sine Waves For Temporal Interference Stimulation, Iurii Semenov, Vitalii Kim, Giedre Silkuniene, Andrei G. Pakhomov
Bioelectrics Publications
The capacity of temporal interference (TI) stimulation to target deep brain regions without affecting nearby surface electrodes remains uncertain. Using artifact-free optical recording, we compare excitation patterns and thresholds in hippocampal neurons stimulated by “pure” and amplitude-modulated sine waves, representing TI waveforms near electrodes and at the target, respectively. We show that pure 2- and 20-kHz sine waves induce repetitive firing at rates that increase up to 60–90 Hz with stronger electric fields. Beyond this limit, action potentials merge into sustained depolarization, resulting in an excitation block. Modulating the sine waves at 20 Hz aligns firing with amplitude “beats” and …
Novel Human Factors Challenges, Unexpected Events, And Safety Hazards Associated With Operation Of Battery-Powered Evtol Aircraft, Kendall Carmody, Bhoomin Chauhan, Maureen Namukasa, Yarisse Adorno, Meredith Carroll
Novel Human Factors Challenges, Unexpected Events, And Safety Hazards Associated With Operation Of Battery-Powered Evtol Aircraft, Kendall Carmody, Bhoomin Chauhan, Maureen Namukasa, Yarisse Adorno, Meredith Carroll
Aeronautics Faculty Publications
As the AAM industry approaches its respective takeoff, novel dimensions of aircraft design, including propulsion systems and pilot interfaces, have emerged. These new and often complex dimensions result in operations differing from traditional aviation contexts, with the potential to influence pilot behavior and decision-making (Mendolia et al., 2022). There are also novel safety-critical events that pilots must be prepared to cope with on battery-powered aircraft. To examine these issues, we conducted an interview study with 11 pilots and engineers who have either flown, worked on, or conducted research pertaining to electrically powered aircraft. During the interview process, the participants were …
Social Anxiety And Cannabis Use Context, Brooke Beckius
Social Anxiety And Cannabis Use Context, Brooke Beckius
Dissertations and Theses
Cannabis use is highly prevalent among young adults in the United States, with many experiencing associated problems. Social anxiety has been identified as a significant risk factor for cannabis use and related consequences; however, it remains unclear whether cannabis facilitates or inhibits social engagement among socially anxious individuals. Solitary cannabis use is consistently linked to use-related problems, but the term “solitary use” may encompass distinct contexts—such as social preparatory use, use to aid sleep, or use while spending time alone. The present study aimed to examine how cannabis use influences social engagement among socially anxious individuals and test how specific …