Digital Commons Network^™

Parasitology As An Interpretive Tool In Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Parasitological studies of archaeological sites can be used to interpret past behavior and living conditions. During the 1980s problem-oriented research into prehistoric- and historical-period parasitism developed and resulted in thefield of archaeoparasitology. Archaeoparasitology attempts to integrate parasite data into archaeological theory and interpretation. Within the last decade, four major archaeoparasitological laboratories emerged. They developed interpretive frameworks that apply parasitological data to a remarkable variety of prehistoric behaviors. Parasite remains can be used to reconstruct aspects of diet, health, and other behaviors such as transhumance and trade. Finally. analysis of the distribution of parasite remains can be used to interpret aspects …

Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In North American Elk (Cervus Elaphus), Charles O. Thoen, William J. Quinn, Lyle D. Miller, Larry L. Stackhouse, Bradford F. Newcomb, James M. Ferrell

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

A naturally occurring outbreak of Mycobacterium bovid infection in captive wild elk (wapiti) in Montana was confirmed by mycobacteriologic examination. Twenty-eight of 143 elk responded to M. bovis purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin injected intradermally in the cervical region (SCT). The results of comparative cervical tuberculin skin tests conducted within 9 days of SCT revealed greater responses to M. bovis PPD tuberculin than to M. avium PPD tuberculin in 23 of 28 elk responding. At necropsy, several grossly visible tuberculous lesions were observed in the parenchyma of the lung, thoracic lymph nodes, and submandibular lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of appropriately …

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Ii Acts Through An Endogenous Growth Pathway Regulated By Imprinting In Early Mouse Embryos, Daniel A. Rappolee, Karin S. Sturm, Ole Behrendtsen, Gilbert A. Schultz, Roger A. Pedersen, Zena Werb

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research Publications

We present evidence that insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) mediates growth in early mouse embryos and forms a pathway in which imprinted genes influence development during preimplantation stages, mRNA and protein for IGF-II were expressed in preimplantation mouse embryos, but the related factors IGF-I and insulin were not. IGF-I and insulin receptors and the IGF-II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor were expressed. Exogenous IGF-II or IGF-I increased the cell number in cultured blastocysts, but a mutant form of IGF-II that strongly binds only the IGF-II receptor did not. Reduction of IGF-II expression by antisense IGF-II oligonucleotides decreased the rate of progression to the blastocyst …

Predictors Of Success On The Nclex-Rn Examination, Kathleen S. Pangle

Masters Theses

This ex post facto study was designed to determine if the scores of advanced standing LPNs' NCLEX-RN scores were significantly different from those of generic students and to identify predictors of success of NCLEX-RN performance. Based on Bandura's theory of self efficacy it was hypothesized that LPNs would score higher on the NCLEX-RN than generic students. The independent variables were final grades in nursing theory courses (Medical-Surgical, Obstetrics, Pediatrics, and Psychiatric Nursing), and NLN Achievement Tests and the Comprehensive Nursing Achievement Test. The study group included 195 graduates from a small, rural Associate Degree in Nursing program between the years …

Concerns/Problems Experienced After Discharge From An Acute Care Setting: The Patient's Perspective, Karen R. Peper

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the discharge planning process in terms of concerns that patients experience after discharge from an acute care setting. Betty Neuman's Health Care Systems Model was the conceptual framework. Aspects of secondary prevention were used to classify the concerns as either a lack of resources or a reaction to a stressor.; The sample (n = 146) consisted of medical and surgical patients, 18 years or older hospitalized at a community hospital for at least 24 hours.; Data were analyzed descriptively. Data revealed that patients do experience some concerns after discharge. The top four …

Faculty And Student Perceptions Of Effective Clinical Teachers: A Replication, Kathleen L. Miller

Masters Theses

Clinical teaching in nursing has been found to be as problematic as it is in other practice-oriented professions. The purpose of this study is to identify student's and faculty's perceptions of effective characteristics of clinical teachers. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to students and faculty at a university college of nursing in western Michigan to solicit their perceptions. The study data reveal both similarities and differences in their perceptions and raises awareness of how clinical teachers need to be atune with nursing student's learning needs and learning styles. Comparison of this study with the previous studies show a common direction …

The Effects Of Prenatal Breast-Feeding Class On Breast-Feeding Success And Maternal Perception Of The Infant: A Replication, Eileen Grunstra, Susan Rowe

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of prenatal breast-feeding education on a mother's perceived success at breast-feeding. This study also looked at the relationship of prenatal breast-feeding education on a mother's perception of her infant. The conceptual framework utilized was the Roy Adaptation Model. Motherhood and breast-feeding involve a change in role, which is why this theory served as a foundation for the study. The method for study was a quasi-experimental design. Subjects in the experimental group attended a prenatal breast-feeding class, those in the control group did not. In addition to a general survey questionnaire, …

The Effect Of Anxiety On Student Nurses' Performance When Administering Intramuscular Or Subcutaneous Injections, Sandra L. Osborne

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine what the relationship was between levels of trait and state anxiety and performance when giving intramuscular or subcutaneous injections. It was a replication of a study by Megal, Wilken, and Volcek (1987).; In May, 1990, the STAI Form Y-2 was used to assess trait anxiety of 17 students at a community college in the Midwest. State anxiety was measured by using the STAI Form Y-1 immediately before: (1) laboratory performance examinations and (2) giving first injections to clients. Instructors completed Injection Skill Check Lists to measure performance.; Students reported high levels of …

Purification Of Core-Binding Factor, A Protein That Binds The Conserved Core Site In Murine Leukemia Virus Enhancers., Shuwen W. Wang, Nancy A. Speck

Dartmouth Scholarship

The Moloney murine leukemia virus causes thymic leukemias when injected into newborn mice. A major genetic determinant of the thymic disease specificity of the Moloney virus genetically maps to two protein binding sites in the Moloney virus enhancer, the leukemia virus factor b site and the adjacent core site. Point mutations introduced into either of these sites significantly shifts the disease specificity of the Moloney virus from thymic leukemia to erythroleukemia (N. A. Speck, B. Renjifo, E. Golemis, T. Frederickson, J. Hartley, and N. Hopkins, Genes Dev. 4:233-242, 1990). We have purified several polypeptides that bind to the core site …

Nurse Educators' Perceptions Regarding Faculty Participation In University Governance., Janet J. Gross

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

No Poster Child: The Rise And Fall Of The Field Of Chemical Dependency Treatment, Michael F. Nolan

Theses

This thesis will focus on the development of the chemical dependency treatment field, including an overview of the historical growth of mental health and chemical dependency treatment, and its recent change from a growing to a declining field. It will also examine various theories in the treatment of mental illness and, specifically, chemical dependency, in a historic context, and placing these theories into a unified system of viewing illness in general. Finally, this thesis will explain the growth, then decline, in the field as a result of political, social, and financial developments, and show how these extra clinical influences are …

The Effects Of Prenatal Care On Infant Mortality In The United States, Barbara A. Dieterich

Theses

This thesis will focus on the causes of infant mortality in the United States. The lack of adequate prenatal care will be specifically addressed.

Research has attributed the majority of preventable infant deaths to socio-economic factors as opposed to the lack of technology. Since the percentage of the United States GNP spent on medical care continues to rise without subsequent decreases in infant deaths, it becomes necessary to focus on causal relationship.

Since a nation's infant mortality rate has long been viewed as an indicator of the country's effectiveness in meeting health needs, many areas must be targeted. The importance …

The Circular Causality And Possible Alleviation Of Pms Symptomology, Linda Whitchurch

Theses

This research was an attempt to investigate the appropriateness of including Premenstrual Syndrome into the revised third edition of the Diagnostic Statistics Manual. The researcher asked 10 women, who felt they were suffering from Premenstrual Syndrome, to compare their normal food intake with a balanced diet and minimal use of stimulants and the ambiguities of the syndrome became apparent. The women who took part in this study of Premenstrual Syndrome and the management of its symptomotology enlightened the author, not only to the multidimensional etiology of the syndrome, but more importantly, to the lack of validation they experienced as women …

Anencephalics As Organ Donors : An Analysis And Application Of The Original Intent Of The Ad Hoc Committee On Brain Death, Neely Anne Egan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Regional Accuracy Of Temporomandibular Joint Imaging: Comparison Of Mr And Ct With Autopsy Specimens, Charles F. Reed

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Environmental Factors Affecting Mechanical Properties Of Facial Prosthetic Elastomers, Uday H. Mohite

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Priming Of Peripheral Lymph Node B Cells With Tnp-Ficoll: Role Of Lymphokines In B Cell Differentiation, S. Niranjan Goud, Alan M. Kaplan, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

We have previously shown that peripheral lymph node (PLN) B lymphocytes of adult DBA/ 25 mice failed to make an antibody responseto type 2 antigen TNP-Ficoll, but exhibited a good antibody response to type 1 antigen TNP-BruceNa abortus. In the present study we wanted to find out whether the unresponsivenessof PLN B cells to TNP-Ficoll is due to defectsin the early activation and proliferation stage or in the final differentiation stageof B cells. Therefore, we have used a two-step protocol of in vivo immunization of mice with TNP-Ficoll and the subsequent in vitro challenge with TNP-Brucella abortus and studied the …

The Use Of Self Blood Glucose Monitoring And Its Relationship To Effective Management For People With Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Maureen Unsworth

Theses : Honours

It is believed that people who effectively self manage their own diabetes will achieve higher levels of health and well being (Pender, 1987). Although diabetes education has increased rapidly in the last 10 years, the emphasis has been placed on increasing people's knowledge of diabetes as a medical condition, which does not necessarily ensure effective self management of diabetes. Previous research suggests that self blood glucose monitoring (SBOM) is an effective tool for promoting the use of blood glucose levels as a basis for initiating behaviour changes related to eating, exercise and insulin dosage. Yet, while most people with diabetes …

Heterogeneous Macromolecular Composition Of Renal Basement Membranes In Health, Diabetes And Glomerulonephritis, Douglas K. Brees

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Although basement membranes are ubiquitous structures throughout the body, basement membranes have distinct compositions that are specific to their location. This basement membrane heterogeneity may, in part, reflect functional differences among various basement membranes. We examined basement membrane heterogeneity in normal, healthy mouse kidneys to assess the similarities and differences between glomerular and tubular basement membrane composition. It was demonstrated that mouse glomerular and tubular basement membrane share similar compositions but differ with respect to specific amounts of some components. In diabetes mellitus and passive Heymann nephritis (PHN), damage to the glomerular barrier occurs and is accompanied by an increase …

Décontamination Microbienne Des Systèmes De Ventilation, Jacques Lavoie, Paul Comtois

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L'American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) recommande, dans le but de contrôler les concentrations anormalement élevées de bioaérosols, d'éliminer dans les systèmes de ventilation les sources d'eau stagnante, de supprimer les substrats et les foyers de croissance microbienne et d'avoir un programme d'entretien efficace. Évidemment, il existe plusieurs procédés de nettoyage pour supprimer les substrats et les foyers de croissance. Le nettoyage des conduits et des surfaces contaminées avec des aspirateurs munis de filtres à haute efficacité (HEPA), la désinfection chimique aux hypochlorites et le nettoyage des unités des systèmes à la vapeur n'en sont que quelques uns. Par …

Effects Of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide On Plasma Corticosterone Concentrations And Body Temperatures Of New Zealand Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus), Phillip Keith Wilkins, Stanley N. David, Lawrence W. Hinck

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Twelve New Zealand rabbits were injected with Salmonella typhosa endotoxin, 10 ng/kg b.w. ,via an auricular marginal vein and the effects of the pyrogen on the rectal temperatures and plasma corticosterone concentrations of these animals were observed. Our data showed significant increases of the core temperatures from the normal 39.3 +/- 0.18 to 40.9 +/- 0.43 C (p < 0.001). Radioimmunoassay results of the plasma corticosterone levels were 5.76 +/- 3.7 ug/100 ml in the pre-injection blood samples and 9.02 +/- 3.7 ug/100 ml in the plasmas obtained from the animals, one hour after the pyrogen was administered. The increase of corticosterone was significant (p

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 69, No. 1, 1992)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Fusion Activity And Inactivation Of Influenza Virus: Kinetics Of Low Ph-Induced Fusion With Cultured Cells, Nejat Düzgüneş, Maria C. Pedroso De Lima, L. Stamatatos, D. Flasher, D. R. Alford, Daniel S. Friend, S. Nir

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The kinetics of fusion of influenza virus (A/PR/8/34) with human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60), human T lymphocytic leukaemia (CEM) and murine lymphoma (S49) cells were investigated. Fusion was demonstrated by electron microscopy, and monitored by fluorescence dequenching of octadecylrhodamine incorporated in the virus membrane. Rapid fusion was induced upon mild acidification of the medium. At pH 5, all virus particles were capable of fusing with the cells. The initial rate and the extent of fusion were maximal between pH 4.9 and 5.2 and declined sharply below and above this range. The rate constants of adhesion of influenza virus to cells or …

Altered Expression Of Adenovirus 12 Dna-Binding Protein But Not Dna Polymerase During Abortive Infection Of Hamster Cells, Lynne A. Lucher, Benjawan Khuntirat, Jiansheng Zhao, Peter C. Angeletti

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Replication of human adenovirus type 12 DNA is blocked in abortively infected baby hamster kidney cells. The activity and accumulation of adenovirus 12 DNA polymerase is equivalent in infected hamster and human cell extracts. However, the accumulation of adenovirus type 12 DNA-binding protein is approximately 120-fold lower in extracts from infected hamster cells when compared to infected permissive human cells. This difference in accumulation is not because of replication of viral DNA during productive infection, since this difference is observed in the presence of hydroxyurea. The DNA-binding protein from infected hamster cells retains the ability to bind denatured DNA-cellulose. An …

Improved Recovery Of A Radlolabeled Peptide With An Albumin-Treated Reversed-Phase Hplc Column, David S. Hage, Robert L. Taylor, Pai C. Kao

David Hage Publications

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is an important tool in the purification of radiolabeled peptides and proteins for immunoassay. However, for some proteins and peptides it is difficult to achieve reproducible behavior in RP-HPLC because of the low recovery of these compounds. Factors that can be varied to improve recovery include the strength or pH of the mobile phase, the chain length and spacing of groups on the reversed-phase support, and the flow rate or steepness of the elution gradient (1-5). ... In summary, we obtained better recovery and more reproducible chromatographic behavior for labeled 1-34 PTHrP with an albumin-pretreated …

Intact Parathyroid Hormone: Performance And Clinical Utility Of An Automated Assay Based On High-Performance Immunoaffinity Chromatography And Chemiluminescence Detection, David S. Hage, Bob Taylor, Pai C. Kao

David Hage Publications

The performance and clinical utility of an automated assay of intact parathyroid hormone (parathyrin, PTH) are evaluated. The method is based on the extraction of PTH from plasma by an HPLC column containing immobilized anti-(44-68 PTH) antibodies. The PTH retained is detected with a postcolumn reactor and use of anti-(1--34 PTH) chemiluminescent-labeled antibodies. The total cycle time of the assay is 6.5 mm per injection after a 1-h incubation.The lower limit of detection for PTH in a 66-pL plasma sample was 0.5 pmol/L based on peak heights and 0.2 pmol/L based on peak areas. Mean analytical recovery for PTH added …

Coprolite Analysis: A Biological Perspective On Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard, Baughn M. Bryant Jr

Karl Reinhard Publications

The most remarkable dietary remains recoverable from archaeological contexts are coprolites. Coprolites are desiccated or mineralized feces that are preserved in sheltered and open sites in arid regions, primarily in the New World. These dietary remains are remarkable from several perspectives. They typically contain a variety of macroscopic and microscopic remains that form interrelated data sets for the reconstruction of diets. Because contexts containing coprolites are typified by excellent preservation, the remains coprolites contain tend to be in better states of preservation than dietary remains recovered from nonfecal deposits. Coprolites also contain the well-preserved remains of intestinal parasites and pathogens …

Vertebral Pathology In Prehistoric And Historic Skeletons From Northeastern Nebraska, Karin L. Sandness, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Vertebral pathology has long been a useful criterion for anthropologists in the assessment of activity patterns, stress, and general health of extinct peoples. This method of analysis, however, has never been applied to the peoples of the Nebraska Great Plains. This study is the first to concentrate on the indigenous Native Americans of this region, examining the spinal pathology present in the prehistoric and historic skeletal remains. Pathology present in the form of spondylolysis, Schmorl's nodes, osteophytosis (degenerative disc disease), and osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease), provides evidence to suggest differing activity patterns and levels of stress in Plains groups before …

Dan Canyon Burial: A Piii Burial In Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Steve Dominguez, Karl Reinhard, Kari L. Sandness, Cherie A. Edwards, Dennis Danielson, F. A. Calabrese, Chris Kincaid

Karl Reinhard Publications

The Dan Canyon burial was discovered at a time when the philosophy, ethics, and legislation concerning the study of human remains are in a state of flux. A number of important sensitive issues germane to managers, archeologists, and American Indians are discussed in the introduction. The subsequent analysis provides a detailed scientific account of these remains and a glimpse of a segment of a people's past lifeway while remaining sensitive to the wishes of the American Indians.

The burial and associated grave goods of site 42SA21339 were exposed by wave action in a location frequented by boaters at the Glen …

Multiple Roles And Health Promotion Lifestyles Of Women Nurse Educators., Marsha Anne Howell Adams

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.