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Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Amino Acids, Melvin H. Williams

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

This is the third in a series of six articles to discuss the major classes of dietary supplements (vitamins; minerals; amino acids; herbs or botanicals; metabolites, constituents/extracts, or combinations). The major focus is on efficacy of such dietary supplements to enhance exercise or sport performance.

Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Minerals, Melvin H. Williams

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Minerals are essential for a wide variety of metabolic and physiologic processes in the human body. Some of the physiologic roles of minerals important to athletes are their involvement in: muscle contraction, normal hearth rhythm, nerve impulse conduction, oxygen transport, oxidative phosphorylation, enzyme activation, immune functions, antioxidant activity, bone health, and acid-base balance of the blood. The two major classes of minerals are the macrominerals and the trace elements. The scope of this article will focus on the ergogenic theory and the efficacy of such mineral supplementation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2( 1): 43-49, 2005.

Habitat Characterization And Spatial Distribution Of Anopheles Sp. Mosquito Larvae In Dar Es Salaam (Tanzania) During An Extended Dry Period, M.A. Sattler, D. Mtasiwa, M. Kiama, Zul Premji, M. Tanner, G.F. Killeen, C. Lengeler

Pathology, East Africa

Introduction: By 2030, more than 50% of the African population will live in urban areas. Controlling malaria reduces the disease burden and further improves economic development. As a complement to treated nets and prompt access to treatment, measures targeted against the larval stage of Anopheles sp. mosquitoes are a promising strategy for urban areas. However, a precise knowledge of the geographic location and potentially of ecological characteristics of breeding sites is of major importance for such interventions.

Methods: In total 151 km2 of central Dar es Salaam, the biggest city of Tanzania, were systematically searched for open mosquito breeding sites. …

Simulations Of Nanopore Formation And Phosphatidylserine Externalization In Lipid Membranes Subjected To A High-Intensity, Ultrashort Electric Pulse, Q. Hu, R. P. Joshi, K. H. Schoenbach

Bioelectrics Publications

A combined MD simulator and time dependent Laplace solver are used to analyze the electrically driven phosphatidylserine externalization process in cells. Time dependent details of nanopore formation at cell membranes in response to a high-intensity (100kV∕cm), ultrashort (10ns) electric pulse are also probed. Our results show that nanosized pores could typically be formed within about 5ns. These predictions are in very good agreement with recent experimental data. It is also demonstrated that defect formation and PS externalization in membranes should begin on the anode side. Finally, the simulations confirm that PS externalization is a nanopore facilitated event, rather than the …

The Structure Of A T=169d Algal Virus, Pbcv-1, At 15Å Resolution, X. Yan, V. Bowman, N. H. Olson, James Gurnon, James L. Van Etten, Michael G. Rossmann, T. S. Baker

James Van Etten Publications

Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 (PBCV-1) (genus Chlorovirus, family Phycodnaviridae), infects certain unicellular, exsymbiotic, chlorella-like green algae [1]. The PBCV-1 virion (~1x109 Da) has a linear dsDNA genome (330kbp) and contains at least 100 different proteins [1, unpublished data]. A published cryo-electron microscopy and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction of PBCV-1 (26Å resolution) revealed that the outer icosahedral glycoprotein capsid, with a maximum diameter of 1,900Å along the five-fold axis, consists of 1680 trimeric capsomers (trimer) and 12 pentameric capsomers (pentamer) [2]. These capsomers are arranged on a T=169d (h=7, k=8) quasi-equivalent lattice. The trimers and pentamers are organized into 20 …

Functional Implication Of The Trna Genes Encoded In The Chlorella Virus Pbcv-L Genome, Da Young Lee, Michael V. Graves, James L. Van Etten, Tae-Jin Choi

James Van Etten Publications

The prototype Chlorella virus PBCV-l encodes 11 tRNA genes and over 350 protein-encoding genes in its 330 kbp genome. Initial attempts to overexpress the recombinant A189/192R protein, a putative virus attachment protein, in E. coli strain BL21(DE3) SI were unsuccessful, and multiple protein bands were detected on Western blots. However, the full-length A189/192R recombinant protein or fragments derived from it were detected when they were expressed in E. coli BL21 CodonPlus (DE3) RIL, which contains extra tRNAs. Codon usage analysis of the a1891192r gene showed highly biased usage of the AGA and AUA codons compared to genes encoded by E. …

Is Public Health Paternalism Really Never Justified? A Response To Joel Feinberg, Thaddeus Mason Pope

Faculty Scholarship

n the preeminent scholarly legal treatise on paternalism, The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law: Harm to Self, Joel Feinberg argues that hard paternalism is never justified because it is superfluous; all reasonable restriction of self-regarding conduct can be justified on (more palatable) soft paternalistic grounds.

In this article, I argue that Feinberg's strategy seems to work only because he "stretches" soft paternalism to justify liberty limitation that is properly described as hard paternalism. I expose Feinberg's strained appeals, and argue for honesty and transparency regarding the bases for paternalistic liberty limitation. If the rationale for public health restrictions on …

Common Versus Uncommon Causes Of Dementia, Nicola Lautenschlager, Ralph Martins

Research outputs pre 2011

When patients present with a dementia syndrome at a young age, the experienced clinician will automatically include uncommon dementias in the diagnostic considerations, as familial uncommon dementias due to genetic mutations frequently present as early-onset dementias. This paper highlights why uncommon dementias due to genetic mutations, although marginal in terms of prevalence numbers in the total population, are of significance in the quest to unravel the underlying cause of common dementias such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementias (FTD) and vascular dementia (VaD).

Fibromyalgia And Bladder Irritability, Carolyn K. Brand

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Urinary tract sensory symptoms provide an additional symptomatic burden for women with fibromyalgia. The urogenital symptoms of both fibromyalgia and interstitial cystitis have been described as non-infective sensory disorders, suggesting the existence of substantial clinical overlap between the two conditions. Research suggests that although interstitial cystitis has been treated as a specific bladder condition, it may be part of the disorder of central processing of sensory information as seen in fibromyalgia.

The interstitial cystitis symptom index and problem index (ICSI/ICPI) have been used to measure lower urinary tract symptoms and to examine the impact of these symptoms in patients with …

The Role Of Connective Tissue Growth Factor (Ctgf) In Fibrosis Associated With Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors, Michael David Shapiro

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Carcinoid tumors of the small bowel often present with fibrosis in the peritumoral tissues, distant in the heart or lungs, and locally in the peritoneal cavity. The mechanism of the fibroblastic lesions in patients with small bowel carcinoids is unclear and their timely diagnosis impossible. There exists no test to determine the risk of fibrosis, detect its presence, or monitor its progression once discovered. Furthermore, no current therapy protects against such fibrosis. We have proposed that CTGF, a mediator of the profibrotic activities of TGFâ1 (a known regulator of fibrosis)is directly involved in the genesis of ileal carcinoid-related fibrosis. The …

2005- 2008 Unlv Mcnair Journal, Valerie Avery, Shana Bachus, Karmen K. Boehlke, Andrea Flores, Alden Kelly, Erick Lopez, Carol Preussler, Heather Shay, Ava Bookatz, Shaun Elsasser, Veronica Hicks, Shaida A. Jetha, Anthony Quinn, Thurithabhani Seneviratne, Teddy Boado Sim Jr., Liza Ward, Amris Henry-Rodgers, Jacquelynn Kaaa-Logan, Jason Orozco, Juan C. Plata, Bonnie Bartlett, Kathleen Bell, Vacheral M. Carter, Nydia Diaz, Kimberly Hackstock, Julio A. Luna, Charles Mao, Sandra Ramos, Precious Rideout, Benjamin Lee Watrous, Chet R. Whitley

McNair Journal

Journal articles based on research conducted by undergraduate students in the McNair Scholars Program

Table of Contents

Biography of Dr. Ronald E. McNair

Statements:

Dr. Neal J. Smatresk, UNLV President

Dr. Juanita P. Fain, Vice President of Student Affairs

Dr. William W. Sullivan, Associate Vice President for Retention and Outreach

Mr. Keith Rogers, Deputy Executive Director of the Center for Academic Enrichment and Outreach

McNair Scholars Institute Staff

The Relationship Between Hyperfertility (Parity≥15) And Fetal Outcomes Among Singleton Births., Muktar H. Aliyu

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

Sexuality And The Initial Occupational Therapy Assessment For Adults With Physical Disabilities, Mandy Sherrick

Occupational Therapy Capstones

No abstract provided.

Oncolog, Volume 50, Number 01, January 2005, Rachel Williams, Dawn Chalaire, Caren E. Blinka, Angelina Esparza, Allen W. Burton Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Perspectives on Brain Metastasis
• Out of the Darkroom
• Equity and Health
• House Call: Blood and Platelet Donors Give Life
• DiaLog: Cancer Pain Control in the New Millennium, by Allen W. Burton, MD, Section Chief, Cancer Pain Management Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

The Causes Of Stalling Fertility Transitions, John Bongaarts

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

An examination of fertility trends in countries with multiple DHS surveys found that in the 1990s fertility stalled in mid-transition in seven countries: Bangladesh, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ghana, Kenya, Peru, and Turkey. An analysis of trends in the determinants of fertility revealed a systematic pattern of leveling off or near leveling in a number of determinants, including contraceptive use, the demand for contraception, and wanted fertility. Findings suggest no major deterioration in contraceptive access during the stall, but levels of unmet need and unwanted fertility are relatively high and improvements in access to family planning methods would therefore be desirable. …

Building Assets For Safe, Productive Lives: A Report On A Workshop On Adolescent Girls' Livelihoods, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

For the 1.5 billion adolescents currently living in developing countries (325 million of them living on less than US$1 a day), the transition to becoming economically productive is particularly pivotal. Girls face numerous challenges in making this transition successfully, since in many settings females have less access than males to critical resources such as secondary school education, credit, land, training, and technology, and their labor is often unrecognized and unremunerated. A growing number of organizations and institutions have been using a livelihoods approach (which centers around the capabilities, assets, and activities required for gaining a means of living) to reach …

Trends In The Timing Of First Marriage Among Men And Women In The Developing World [Arabic], Barbara Mensch, Susheela Singh, John B. Casterline

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The timing of first union merits investigation not only because of the close temporal link between marriage and the onset of childbearing, but also because the age when men and women marry has implications for the organization of family life and for gender relations within society. This paper begins by reviewing the contributions of various social science disciplines to an understanding of the timing of marriage. Using current status data from 73 countries provided by the United Nations Population Division and retrospective data from 52 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 1990 and 2001, we then examine recent trends in …

The Effect Of Community Nurses And Health Volunteers On Child Mortality: The Navrongo Community Health And Family Planning Project, Brian Wells Pence, Philomena Nyarko, James F. Phillips, Cornelius Debpuur

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report presents the child mortality impact of a trial of primary health-care service-delivery strategies in rural Ghana. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, under-five mortality in areas with village-based community-nurse services fell by 16 percent during the five years of program implementation compared with mortality before the intervention. Reductions were observed in infant (6 percent), early child (20 percent), and late child (41 percent) mortality. Community involvement and training of a local health volunteer were associated with an 11 percent increase in mortality, primarily driven by a 124 percent increase in early child mortality. Areas with both nurses and volunteers …

Active Life Expectancy And Functional Limitations Among Older Cambodians: Results From A 2004 Survey, Zachary Zimmer

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This study’s aims are to: (1) determine the prevalence of functional limitations among older adults in Cambodia using activities of daily living (ADLs); (2) compare limitation prevalence with other countries in the region; (3) estimate active life expectancy; (4) examine standard correlates of functional status and assess whether they are associated with limitation in expected ways. Elderly Cambodians appear more likely to report limitations than their counterparts in neighboring countries. A contribution of the analysis is the examination of a basic measure of health among a population that until recently has been isolated from the rest of the world.

Education Of Adult Children And Mortality Of Their Elderly Parents In Taiwan, Zachary Zimmer, Linda G. Martin, Mary Beth Ofstedal, Yi-Li Chuang

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Research shows an older adult’s education is strongly associated with mortality. But in societies such as Taiwan, where families are highly integrated, the education of family members may be linked to survival. Such may be the case in settings where there are large gaps in levels of education across generations and high levels of resource transfers between family members. This Population Council study employs 14 years of longitudinal data from Taiwan to examine the combined effects of education of older adults and their adult children on mortality outcomes of older adults. Results indicate that educational levels of both parent and …

Some Biological Characteristics And The Stock Size Of The Pike (Esox Lucius L., 1758) Population In Lake Karamık (Afyon, Turkey), Hidir Çubuk, İsmet Balik, Rahmi̇ Uysal, Remzi̇ye Özkök

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Some biological characteristics and the stock size of the pike (Esox lucius L., 1758) population in Lake Karamık were investigated between March 2002 and February 2003. The percentages of males and females in the population were 67.2% and 32.8%, respectively. Although fish samples ranged in age group from I to VII and from 15 to 66 cm in fork length, most of them were in age groups I-II and had fork lengths of 20-29 cm. The mean condition factor of the pike population was 0.812. In the population, the condition factors of females were higher than those of males. The …

Recognition Of Affective Prosody By Speakers Of English As A First Or Foreign Language, Christopher Dromey, Jose Silveira, Paul Sandor

Faculty Publications

Adults who were fluent in English, and who grew up speaking English or one of 21 other languages listened to words spoken with angry or neutral intonation. We measured the accuracy with which the listeners identified the intended emotion. English mother tongue (EMT) polyglots scored higher than other mother tongue (OMT) listeners, whereas EMT monoglots did not. Women were significantly more accurate than men across the three listener groups. There was a modest inverse correlation between accuracy and age. The learning of a second language may have helped the EMT polyglots develop additional perceptual skills in decoding speech emotion in …

A New Diagnostic System In Cancer Research: Bioluminescent Imaging (Bli), Z. Günnur Di̇kmen, Ginelle Gellert, Paki̇ze Doğan, Ralph Mason, Peter Antich, Edmond Richer, Woodring E. Wright, Jerry W. Shay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) is particularly well suited for imaging small animals, and it can be readily used by scientists who are already routinely using the luciferase gene as a reporter in cell-based assays. This strategy relies on ATP and an O_2 dependent photochemical reaction between luciferin and luciferase, resulting in the release of photons from only live cells. In BLI, the intensity of the light detected by the device is proportional to the intensity of light emitted and the relationship is quantitative. This study was performed to determine the sensitivity of BLI for the imaging of lung metastasis and breast …

Tsh Levels In Turkish Adults: Prevalences And Associations With Serum Lipids, Coronary Heart Disease And Metabolic Syndrome, Gülay Hergenç, Altan Onat, Si̇nan Albayrak, Ahmet Karabulut, Serdar Türkmen, İbrahi̇m Sari, Günay Can

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Overt hypothyroidism is implicated in atherosclerosis through dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperhomoscysteinemia. Epidemiological data related to the role of thyroid hormones in the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in Turkish adults are lacking. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was measured in the 2004 follow-up of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study, with the aim of investigating thyroid hormone status as a possible risk factor in CHD and MS in the population sample. To this end, a subgroup of the cohort (512 men and women: mean age 52 ± 11.4) in whom the prevalences for CHD, MS and …

Use Of An Electronic Nose To Diagnose Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In Badgers And Cattle, R. Fend, R. Geddes, S. Lesellier, H.-M. Vordermeier, L. A. L. Corner, E. Gormley, E. Costello, R. G. Hewinson, D. J. Marlin, A. C. Woodman, M. A. Chambers

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

It is estimated that more than 50 million cattle are infected with Mycobacterium bovis worldwide, resulting in severe economic losses. Current diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in cattle relies on tuberculin skin testing, and when combined with the slaughter of test-positive animals, it has significantly reduced the incidence of bovine TB. The failure to eradicate bovine TB in Great Britain has been attributed in part to a reservoir of the infection in badgers (Meles meles). Accurate and reliable diagnosis of infection is the cornerstone of TB control. Bacteriological diagnosis has these characteristics, but only with samples collected postmortem. Unlike …

Hidden Effects Of Chronic Tuberculosis In African Buffalo, Anna E. Jolles, David V. Cooper, Simon A. Levin

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Infectious diseases can bring about population declines and local host extinctions, contributing significantly to the global biodiversity crisis. Nonetheless, studies measuring population-level effects of pathogens in wild host populations are rare, and taxonomically biased toward avian hosts and macroparasitic infections. We investigated the effects of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium bovis, on African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) at Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa. We tested 1180 buffalo for bTB infection between May 2000 and November 2001. Most infections were mild, confirming the chronic nature of the disease in buffalo. However, our data indicate that bTB …

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis From Free-Ranging Deer And Rabbits Surrounding Minnesota Dairy Herds, Eran A. Raizman, Scott J. Wells, Peter A. Jordan, Glenn D. Delgiudice, Russell R. Bey

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) among deer and rabbits surrounding infected and noninfected Minnesota dairy farms using fecal culture, and to describe the frequency that farm management practices were used that could potentially lead to transmission of infection between these species. Fecal samples from cows and the cow environment were collected from 108 Minnesota dairy herds, and fecal pellets from free-ranging white-tailed deer and eastern cottontail rabbits were collected from locations surrounding 114 farms; all samples were tested using bacterial culture. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 114 …

Yellow Fever Vaccine: An Updated Assessment Of Advanced Age As A Risk Factor For Serious Adverse Events, Alena Y. Khromava, Rachel Barwick Eidex, Leisa H. Weld, Katrin S. Kohl, Robert D. Bradshaw, Robert T. Chen, Martin S. Cetron

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Since 1996, the scientific community has become aware of 14 reports of yellow fever vaccine (YEL)-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) cases and four reports of YEL-associated neurotropic disease (YEL-AND) worldwide, changing our understanding of the risks of the vaccine. Based on 722 adverse event reports after YEL submitted to the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System in 1990–2002, we updated the estimates of the age-adjusted reporting rates of serious adverse events, YEL-AVD and YEL-AND.We found that the reporting rates of serious adverse events were significantly higher among vaccinees aged ≥60 years than among those 19–29 years of age (reporting rate ratio …

Targeting Of Tsc13p To Nucleus–Vacuole Junctions: A Role For Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids In The Biogenesis Of Microautophagic Vesicles, Erik Kvam, Kenneth Gable, Teresa M. Dunn, David S. Goldfarb

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

TSC13 is required for the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in yeast. Tsc13p is a polytopic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein that accumulates at nucleus–vacuole (NV) junctions, which are formed through Velcro-like interactions between Nvj1p in the perinuclear ER and Vac8p on the vacuole membrane. NV junctions mediate piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus (PMN), during which bleb-like portions of the nucleus are extruded into invaginations of the vacuole membrane and degraded in the vacuole lumen. We report that Tsc13p is sequestered into NV junctions from the peripheral ER through Vac8p-independent interactions with Nvj1p. During nutrient limitation, Tsc13p is incorporated …

As Two Become One : The Lived Experience Of A Twinless Twin, Jody Ness

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Twins enter life as a pair and are often viewed so in later life. After the death of a co-twin, twins feel like they have lost part of themselves, leaving them alone, often without professional help. No nursing research has provided insight into the experience of a twin who has lost their co-twin. The purpose of this research was to explore and describe the lived experience of a twin who has lost their co-twin. The aim was to generate an understanding of the unique bond and sense of loss experienced by twinless twins. Phenomenology and Attachment Theory were utilized to …