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Articles 49171 - 49200 of 52433

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Astm - Bird Control Testing Standards, Edward W. Schafer Jr. Nov 1979

Astm - Bird Control Testing Standards, Edward W. Schafer Jr.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Most of you are familiar by now with ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) and the activities of its Subcommittee E35.17 on Vertebrate Pesticides. ASTM's primary business is that of assisting nonpaid, technical volunteers in developing consensus testing standards in a large number of fields. Most of these testing standards or test methods detail how to conduct specific evaluations of a product, or components of a product, based on the best and most current technology available. Consequently, many of these testing standards are used by government or industry for quality control or for regulatory operations and decisions. ASTM subcommittee …

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Extended Use Of Starlicide In Reducing Bird Damage In Southeastern Feedlots, Allen R. Stickley Jr. Nov 1979

Extended Use Of Starlicide In Reducing Bird Damage In Southeastern Feedlots, Allen R. Stickley Jr.

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The livestock industry is a major agricultural activity in the Southeast where large numbers of wintering blackbirds and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) consume and con- taminate feed at livestock feeding operations. This study was conducted in Tennessee, where the 1977 cash sales for cattle, hog, and dairy products approximated $579 milion or 42% of sales of all Tennessee farm commodities (Tennessee Crop Reporting Ser- vices 1978). Although no feeding operation damage figures are available, losses to birds at feedlots may be as great or greater than depredations to wheat and corn crops (Stickley et al. 1976, Dolbeer et al. 1978, Dolbeer …

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Behavioural And Physiological Problems Associated With The Development Of Curb, Rufus J. Stone Nov 1979

Behavioural And Physiological Problems Associated With The Development Of Curb, Rufus J. Stone

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

CURB is a harmless chemical repellent formulated and prepared to control avian and mammalian behavior which may result in losses of cultivated crops at all stages of growth, of food in storage, and also in behavior which may endanger health (e.g. dogs fouling) or life (e.g. birds on runways at airports). It is a fine powder, which may be wet- table for spraying when mixed with water; or it may be prepared for dry application. It is synergised aluminum ammonium sulfate. Its LD50 is greater than 5 gr/kg; it has passed the U.S.A. and French skin and eye mucosa tests …

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Behavioral Control Of Seagulls At Langley Air Force Base, John F. Stout, Ernest R. Schwab Nov 1979

Behavioral Control Of Seagulls At Langley Air Force Base, John F. Stout, Ernest R. Schwab

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Sea gulls (Laridae) of various species are more frequently reported in bird-aircraft collisions than any other group of birds. Various sources (Thorpe, 1976; Salter, 1976; Blokpoel, 1976) report that gulls were involved in 40 to 60% of all bird strikes for both civilian and military aircraft. A majority of these incidents occurred during landing or takeoff in the immediate vicinity of the airport. Thus, reducing the number of gulls in operationally critical areas of the airport is an important goal for flight safety manage- ment. Sea gulls at Langley Air Force Base (Harrison and Godsey, 1976) and other airports (Blokpoel, …

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Cooling Towers As Obstacles In Bird Migrations, Manfred Temme, William B. Jackson Nov 1979

Cooling Towers As Obstacles In Bird Migrations, Manfred Temme, William B. Jackson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Tall, man-made structures, such as radio and television towers, monuments, smoke stacks, light houses and other buildings, are known to be lethal obstructions to migrating birds. Not only the tower itself, but the associated guy and electrical wires may cause injury or death to birds, especially the nocturnal migrants. A vast number of mortality reports have already emerged across the country, indicating the seriousness and extent of this problem. Tall TV towers seem to be the most hazardous to avian migrants, causing losses up to 2000 birds in several nights during fall migration in Florida (Stevensen 1956, 1958). Dur- ing …

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Cardiac And Operant Behavior Response Of Starlings (Sturnus Vulgaris) To Distress And Alarm Sounds, R. Daniel Thompson, Brad E. Johns, C. Val Grant Nov 1979

Cardiac And Operant Behavior Response Of Starlings (Sturnus Vulgaris) To Distress And Alarm Sounds, R. Daniel Thompson, Brad E. Johns, C. Val Grant

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

A variety of auditory stimuli have been used for many years as a means of repelling nuisance birds from problem areas (Boudreau, 1968; Bremond et al., 1968; Frings and Jumber, 1954; Langowski et al., 1969; Nelson and Seubert 1966; Pearson and Corner, 1967; Thompson et al., 1966, 1968a, b). This approach to alleviating bird problems is ap- pealing because wild birds are considered very sensitive to sound stimuli of biological origin, and such stimuli are harmless to both target and nontarget species. The harmless aspect is an important advantage in dealing with wildlife related problems because of the increased public …

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Avian Hosts Of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus , Robert G. Mclean, Thomas W. Scott Nov 1979

Avian Hosts Of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus , Robert G. Mclean, Thomas W. Scott

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus normally infects birds and is transmitted between birds by mosquito vectors. Thus it is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus). SLE virus is found throughout the Americas, and human disease has been reported from the nor- thern part of the hemisphere. Human epidemics have been reported only from northern Mexico (Gonzalez Cortes, et al. 1975), the United States, and southern Canada (CDC 1977). Other viruses closely related to SLE (dengue, yellow fever, and Rocio viruses) cause epidemics in Central and South America. In the United States, SLE is the most important mosquito-borne disease of humans in terms …

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Food Preferences And Damage Levels Of Some Avian Rice Field Pests In Malaysia, Michael L. Avery Nov 1979

Food Preferences And Damage Levels Of Some Avian Rice Field Pests In Malaysia, Michael L. Avery

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

As in many other countries throughout the world, rice is a staple food item in Malaysia. Through the development of improved varieties, irrigation systems, and agronomic practices, rice production there has increased substantially in recent years and the country is now 80-85% self-sufficient in rice. The main limitation to obtaining full self-sufficiency is the lack of additional land area suitable for raising two rice crops annually (Samy 1977). Another factor limiting production is rice crop pests, particularly rats and insects. Birds also are generally acknowledged as pests in rice fieids of this region (FAO 1973, De Grazio 1978), but in …

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A New “Parotrap” Adapted From The Mac Trap For Capturing Live Parakeets In The Field, Elsadig Awad Bashir Nov 1979

A New “Parotrap” Adapted From The Mac Trap For Capturing Live Parakeets In The Field, Elsadig Awad Bashir

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The Rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri [Scopdi]) has been reported (Roberts, 1974; Bashir, 1978; Beg, 1978; and DeGrazio, 1978) as a serious bird pest of maize, sunflower, rape seeds, and fruit crops, particularly citrus, mangoes, and guavas, in Pakistan. Estimated annual losses to maize grown for seed alone amount to about 97,000 tons, worth about Pak. Rs. 150 million or US $15 million (Roberts, 1978). Paradoxically, this handsome bright green parakeet is highly esteemed in the pet trade; and limited numbers are also marketed locally and sometimes exported to neighboring countries, particularly the Arab Gulf Emirates, as caged pets. Traditional control …

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Diets Of The Red-Billed Quelea (Quelea Quelea) In The Awash River Basin Of Ethiopia, W. A. Erickson Nov 1979

Diets Of The Red-Billed Quelea (Quelea Quelea) In The Awash River Basin Of Ethiopia, W. A. Erickson

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

An understanding of the feeding ecology of the red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea) is necessary for a comprehensive assessment of the potential impact of this species on cereals development. Queleas are reported to subsist primarily on wild Gramineae (Ward 1965a; Gaston 1976), but their mobility and tendency to feed in large aggregations readily adapts them to becoming a major cereal crop pest (Dyer & Ward 1977). Currently, conflicting evidence exists as to the factors involved in attacks on cereals and the relationship of depredation to the availability of wild foods. In Nigeria, Ward’s (1965a) findings indicated queleas prefer small wild grass …

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Timing Bird Control Applications In Ripening Corn, William Bridgeland Nov 1979

Timing Bird Control Applications In Ripening Corn, William Bridgeland

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

There is much debate among people in bird control about whether the various methods so far developed to control bird damage are really ever cost effective (Headley, 1972; Murton and Jones, 1973; Jackson, 1976; Dyer and Ward, 1978). One thing is clear, however. The likelihood of efficacy is increased if certain conditions are met when applying a control measure. Of these conditions for control application, the most obvious one that needs to be considered, after the decision to apply some control measure is made, is "when should the application be made?" It should be clear that the control application must …

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Attitudes Of Canadians Toward The Control Of Red-Winged Blackbirds, Robert G. Clark, Rodger D. Titman, J. Roger Bider Nov 1979

Attitudes Of Canadians Toward The Control Of Red-Winged Blackbirds, Robert G. Clark, Rodger D. Titman, J. Roger Bider

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Each year across Canada, millions of dollars of damage to agricultural crops can be attributed to vertebrate pests. Estimates for 1975 indicated that approximately $240,000,000 damage was incurred by agricultural pests (Solman et al. 1975). Worldwide impact of these pests must certainly be staggering, especially during the current trend of rising production costs and demand for food. In Canada and the United States, pest control programs may be attacked by increaseingly active and vocal environmental groups. Recently, the killing of blackbirds (Icteridae) and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in Kentucky and Tennessee evoked strong objection (Graham 1976, 1978; Jackson 1976). As a …

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An Evaluation Of 4-Aminopyridine For Dispersing Winter Blackbird Roosts In Colorado, John L. Cummings Nov 1979

An Evaluation Of 4-Aminopyridine For Dispersing Winter Blackbird Roosts In Colorado, John L. Cummings

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Blackbirds and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) often establish large winter roosts in areas where their presence is objectionable because of economic, public health, and nuisance reasons. Several techniques are available for alleviating roost problems, including habitat manipulation, roost dispersal with mechanical and pyrotechnic devices (Mott et al 1978), and, where necessary, direct population reduction (DeGrazio 1964). These techniques, however, have limitations due to weather, roost accessibility, logistics, and adverse public reaction. In the past, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) has been used effectively as a bird-frightening agent in agricultural crops (Besser 1976), but until now has not been adequately tested for its effectiveness as …

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Crop Protection With Xironet, Thomas S. Foster Nov 1979

Crop Protection With Xironet, Thomas S. Foster

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

This presentation is an introduction to a new material and method of protecting crops in the U.S. from marauding birds. The method is to completely enclose the crop with a light expandable netting - called Xironet. Most use of Xironet in the U.S. has been on or in vineyards. For this reason the slides presented will feature Xironet applications on grapes. Because of the nets’ unique characteristics various other applications will come to mind during the presentation. Xironet Bird Protection Netting is an expandable light-weight netting which is usually applied over the tops of crops, like a canopy, to keep …

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Blackbird-Starling Winter Roost Survey In Kentucky And Tennessee, 1977-78, Jon F. Heisterberg Nov 1979

Blackbird-Starling Winter Roost Survey In Kentucky And Tennessee, 1977-78, Jon F. Heisterberg

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

The existence of large winter blackbird-starling roosts has, at least in recent years, presented problems to residents of Kentucky and Tennessee. Farmers in the vicinity of large roosts have reported serious crop and feedlot losses (including transmission of livestock diseases caused by blackbirds and starlings). Aesthetic, human health, and nuisance problems are frequently associated with large roosts. To gain knowledge and understanding of the distribution and ecology of winter roosts so that more effective means of alleviating these problems can be found, the Fish and Wildlife Service periodically conducts roost surveys throughout the United States. Surveys of winter roosts, with …

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Effects Of The Roost Site On The Energetics Of Blackbirds And Starlings, Sheldon Lustick, Michael Kelty Nov 1979

Effects Of The Roost Site On The Energetics Of Blackbirds And Starlings, Sheldon Lustick, Michael Kelty

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

To augment their physiological and physical thermoregulatory capacity, many birds display long-term behavioral adjustments; the significance of this has been considered, yet detailed information is lacking (Dawson and Hudson 1970; Calder and King 1974). One such behavioral adjustment appears to be communal roosting in sheltered areas during winter nights. This behavior has been demonstrated in nuthatches (Sitta spp.) (Knorr 1957), finches (Leucosticte spp.) (French 1959; King and Wales 1964), eastern bluebirds (Siala sialis) (Frazier and Nolan 1959), red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoniceus), brown headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), bronzed grackles (Quiscalus quiscula) (Francis 1976), and starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) (Francis 1976; Yom-Tov et …

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An Experimental Design For Investigating Winter Bird Depredation At South Texas Feedlots, R. E. Williams Nov 1979

An Experimental Design For Investigating Winter Bird Depredation At South Texas Feedlots, R. E. Williams

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Large aggregations of birds concentrating around livestock feedyards during fall and winter months have been a common occurrence in many parts of the country (Besser et al. 1968; Dolbeer et al. 1978; Levingston 1967; Palmer 1976; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1976). Extensive utilization of livestock feedyards by these flocking birds has been reported to result in economic losses to the feedyard operator due to feed consumption. In Colorado, seasonal feed losses to starlings obtaining 50% of their daily food at feedlots were calculated to be $84 per 1,000 birds; seasonal losses to red-winged blackbirds (Ageliaus phoeniceus) obtaining 10% of …

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Primary And Secondary Losses In Corn Following Simulated Bird Damage, Paul P. Woronecki, Robert H. Stehn, Richard A. Dolbeer Nov 1979

Primary And Secondary Losses In Corn Following Simulated Bird Damage, Paul P. Woronecki, Robert H. Stehn, Richard A. Dolbeer

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

Blackbird (Icteridae) damage to maturing corn (Zea mays) in the milk and dough stages has long been considered a severe problem in localized areas of the United States (Stone et al. 1972). Most estimates of primary loss to corn yields are based on visual or measured surface area estimates of damage to individual ears (Linehan 1967; De Grazio et al. 1969; DeHaven 1974; Granett et al. 1974). These estimates of loss ignore any compensating growth in the undamaged kernels and secondary losses from insects and disease that may have occurred following damage. Numerous studies of fruit, small grain, and hay …

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Clinic On Pigeon Control, Jim Steckel, Stu Amrine, Mike Pompili Nov 1979

Clinic On Pigeon Control, Jim Steckel, Stu Amrine, Mike Pompili

Bird Control Seminars Proceedings

In this open discussion session, led by Jim Steckel, a variety of topics and problems of particular interest to PCOs are touched upon. A tape was made during the program, then a transcript prepared. The following edited text follows the flow of questions and comments through the session.

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Volume 3, Number 10 (October 1979), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison Oct 1979

Volume 3, Number 10 (October 1979), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

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Hydrogeologic And Geochemical Investigation Of The Boone-St. Joe Limestone Aquifer In Benton County, Arkansas, Albert E. Ogden Oct 1979

Hydrogeologic And Geochemical Investigation Of The Boone-St. Joe Limestone Aquifer In Benton County, Arkansas, Albert E. Ogden

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Boone-St. Joe limestone aquifer is an important unconfined aquifer for rural residents of Benton County, Arkansas. Pumping tests indicate a large range in production capability of the aquifer. The coefficient of transmissibility and specific capacity range from 24.8 to 24640 gpd/ft and 0.03 to 30 gpm/ft, respectively. No statistical relationship at a = 0.10 was found between each of these parameters and photo-lineament proximity. Drillers' estimated well yield (gpm) also showed no relationship to photo-lineament proximity. It is therefore concluded that choosing well sites along photo-lineaments for higher production is not as reliable for karstified carbonate aquifers such as …

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The Probe, Issue 2 - October 1979 Oct 1979

The Probe, Issue 2 - October 1979

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:

WHEN IS A PELT NOT WORTH TAKING?
NEWS FROM DISNEY WORLD, D.C.
NADCA TAKES A STAND AT "SCOPE" HEARINGS
THERE'S A NEW KOOK ON THE BLOCK
ADC LOSES ANOTHER SHELL GAME
NADCA MEMBERSHIP IS A PRIZE
TRAP TIPS
Vice-President Homer S. Ford
Region I Director - Willard E. Nelson
Region II Director - Clyde R Madsen
Region III Director - Wesley R. Jones
Region IV Director - John C. Jones
Region V Director - Howard A. Merrill
Bird related topics

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The Effects Of Sewage Pollution Abatement On Phytoplankton Productivity And Standing Crop In Hillsborough Bay, Florida, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers Oct 1979

The Effects Of Sewage Pollution Abatement On Phytoplankton Productivity And Standing Crop In Hillsborough Bay, Florida, City Of Tampa Department Of Sanitary Sewers

Reports

In September 1976, the City of Tampa initiated a comprehensive monitoring study of the ecology of the phytoplankton community of Hillsborough Bay. Numerous studies elsewhere have shown that phytoplankton are well suited as monitors of trophic state due to their rapid response to changing environmental conditions (Hohn, 1959; Williams, 1964; Margalef, 1968; Welch, 1968; Dunstan, 1975; Taslakain and Hardy, 1976). The present study is designed to relate changes in the phytoplankton community of Hillsborough Bay with the reduced nutrient load entering the Bay from the AWT facility.

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Interference Suppression In Ho Fluorescence Detection, Thomas M. Hard, Robert J. O'Brien, T. B. Cook, G. A. Tsongas Oct 1979

Interference Suppression In Ho Fluorescence Detection, Thomas M. Hard, Robert J. O'Brien, T. B. Cook, G. A. Tsongas

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this Letter we report preliminary results on a sampling method that greatly reduces the above interferences relative to hydroxyl fluorescence.

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Rare, Threatened And Endangered Vascular Plants In Oregon: An Interim Report, Jean L. Siddall, Kenton L. Chambers, David H. Wagner Oct 1979

Rare, Threatened And Endangered Vascular Plants In Oregon: An Interim Report, Jean L. Siddall, Kenton L. Chambers, David H. Wagner

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

This report on rare, threatened and endangered vascular plants in Oregon is a basic document in the process of inventorying the state's natural areas * Prerequisite to the orderly establishment of natural preserves for research and conservation in Oregon are (1) a classification of the ecological types, and (2) a listing of the special organisms, which should be represented in a comprehensive system of designated natural areas. The necessary ecological classification was published in the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station document, "Research Natural Area Needs in the Pacific Northwest," by Dyrness et al. (1975). This …

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An Investigation Of Surface Albedo Variations During The Recent Sahel Drought, Carl C. Norton, Frederick R. Mosher, Barry Hinton Oct 1979

An Investigation Of Surface Albedo Variations During The Recent Sahel Drought, Carl C. Norton, Frederick R. Mosher, Barry Hinton

Publications

Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) 3 green sensor data are used to measure surface reflectance variations in the Sahara/Sahel during the recent drought period 1967–74. The magnitude of the seasonal reflectance change is shown to be as much as 80% for years of normal precipitation and less than 50% for drought years. Year-to-year comparisons during both wet and dry seasons reveal the existence of a surface reflectance cycle coincident with the drought intensity. The relationship between the green reflectance and solar albedo is examined and estimated to be about 0.6 times the reflectance change observed by the green channel.

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State Of The Fisheries Report 1978, Department Of Fisheries And Wildlife, Western Australia Sep 1979

State Of The Fisheries Report 1978, Department Of Fisheries And Wildlife, Western Australia

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

Western Australia has maintained its position as the top fishing State. The catch in Western Australia of fish, crustaceans, and molluscs in 1977-78 was worth $76 million to the fishermen, which is 36 per cent of the total value for Australia.

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Copper Toxicity And Extracellular Release In Selenastrum Capricornutum, Michael Edwin Darling Sep 1979

Copper Toxicity And Extracellular Release In Selenastrum Capricornutum, Michael Edwin Darling

Dissertations and Theses

Copper toxicity was investigated using the green alga, Selenastrum capricornutum. Two major areas were investigated: the forms of copper which are toxic to growth of the alga and factors that can change the concentration of free copper, Cu2+(aq), in the growth medium during the logarithmic growth of the organism. This research has shown that S. capricornutum is sensitive to the free Copper ion, Cu2+(aq), irrespective of the total copper concentration.

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Volume 3, Number 9 (September 1979), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison Sep 1979

Volume 3, Number 9 (September 1979), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

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The Probe, Issue 1 - September 1979 Sep 1979

The Probe, Issue 1 - September 1979

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:

GENESIS
first issue of the NADCA Newsletter
USDA TAKES A "STAND"
WHAT IS AN NADCA?
PURPOSES OF NADCA?
WHAT CONTROLS NADCA ACTIONS?
WHO CAN BE A MEMBER OF THE NADCA?
WHO ARE THE OFFICERS?
WHAT TYPES OF MEMBERSHIPS ARE AVAILABLE?
HOW CAN I BECOME A MEMBER?
VACOR DOWN THE TUBE
MEMORIAL: Robert Evans and Gary L. Lambert
President George S. Rost
Secretary/Treasurer William D. Fitzwater

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