Digital Commons Network^™

Inkjet-Printed Electrochemical Sensors For Lead Detection, Annatoma Arif

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This PhD dissertation research has developed a simple, miniaturized, sensitive, selective, reproducible, and disposable 3D (inkjet printed – additive manufacturing technology) gold (Au) plated electrochemical sensor (ECS) on shape memory polymer (SMP) for aqueous lead detection. This technology has shown promising performance in the application of electrochemical sensing (lead (II) detection) due to increased effective electrode surface area (7.25 mm^2 ± 0.15 mm^2) despite miniaturizing lateral surface area (4.19 mm^2). The design, fabrication processes, optimization including bismuth functionalization, evaluation, uncertainty analysis, and cost analysis of the novel SMP based inkjet printed Au plated sensor have been delineated in this manuscript …

Integration Of Biomedical Engineering And Computer Vision For Morphological Alteration Identification In Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Analysis And Evaluation Stra Tegy, Monica Delgado

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a type of heart disease that affects people with diabetes. It is characterized by changes in the structure and function of the heart, including thickening and stiffening of the heart muscle, impaired relaxation of the heart, and reduced pumping function. DCM is considered an ailment of the heart muscle and an increased risk factor in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the exact mechanisms behind DCM are not fully understood, high blood glucose levels are known to contribute to the development and progression of the disease.While many options to manage and diagnose DCM have …

Surface-Functionalized Silica Nanocarriers For Mitigating Water Stress In Wheat And Benefiting The Root Microbiome, Anthony Cartwright

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Changes in climate and shifting patterns of drought threaten the growth of important cash crops like wheat. The element silicon serves as a plant nutrient and shows promise for strengthening wheat against drought while remaining safe to both the crop and the positive bacteria that grow on its roots. Silicon can be added to wheat in the form of silicon-dioxide nanoparticles featuring protective coatings made from plant-beneficial nutrients. These nanoparticles can be engineered with high surface area or porous structures allowing them to be loaded with additional nutrients that can be delivered to crops. In a laboratory setting, such nanoparticles …

Exploring Versatile Glycosyltransferases From Microorganisms For Natural Product Biosynthesis, Jie Ren

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This dissertation is mainly focused on exploring versatile glycosyltransferases from different microorganisms with the purpose of biosynthesizing bioactive natural product glycosides through microbial fermentation. This engineered biosynthesis approach is environmentally friendly, safe, and efficient compared with plant extraction, chemical synthesis, and enzymatic synthesis. Additionally, we applied these characterized glycosyltransferases as efficient biocatalytic tools to produce novel glycosides to expand the chemical repertoire of nature. These novel compounds showed improved water solubility and some of them exhibited enhanced stability and biological activity, which laid the foundation for the development of new therapeutic agents.

In my dissertation research, I have discovered two …

Understanding Peripheral Blood Pressure Signals: A Statistical Learning Approach, Md Abul Hayat

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Proper estimation of body fluid status for human or animal subjects has always been a challenging problem. Accurate and timely estimate of body fluid can prevent life threatening conditions under trauma and severe dehydration. The main objective of this research is the estimation, classification and detection of dehydration in human and animal subjects using peripheral blood pressure (PBP) signals. Peripheral venous pressure (PVP) and peripheral arterial pressure (PAP) signals have been investigated in this research. Both PVP and PAP signals are PBP signals. A dataset of PVP signals was collected using standard peripheral intravenous catheters from human subjects suffering from …

Ber Analysis Of Bpsk Modulation Scheme For Multiple Combining Schemes Over Flat Fading Channel, Zuhaib Nishtar, Jamil Afzal

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Focus of the study was to provide error-free communication in mobile communication with higher data rates, spectral efficiency, and energy efficient. Basically, work was done to investigate the performance of the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation technique for multiple combining schemes and the behavior of signal in wireless communication where multipath propagation and uncertainty in the system. We use the Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) and antenna diversity to get many copies of the same signal; some of them were faded, but some had sufficient information. Then the next step was to combine or select the best signal to achieve the …

Investigating The Potential Of A Cell-Based Gene Editing Therapy For Inherited Metabolic Liver Disease, Ilayda Ates

All Dissertations

Inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) affecting the liver are relatively rare but collectively have a prevalence of 1 in 800 live births. These diseases result from autosomal recessive single-gene mutations, leading to organ dysfunction and potentially fatal consequences if left untreated. One potential therapeutic strategy for IMDs of the liver involves using CRISPR-Cas9-induced loss of function mutations. However, translating this approach into the clinic is limited by the need for safe and effective CRISPR delivery methods. Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs), commonly used for CRISPR delivery, are associated with significant safety and efficacy concerns, including risks for immunogenicity, off-target mutagenesis, and genotoxicity …

Extensional Flows Of Polymer Solutions In Planar Microchannels, Mahmud Kamal Raihan

All Dissertations

Non-Newtonian fluids such as polymer solutions often flow under microscale extensional conditions in many natural and engineering flow fields such as in microfluidic chips, porous rocks, biological membranes and filters, printheads in additive manufacturing, etc. The changing cross sectional areas of the internal flow passages therein exert additional extension on the flow along with the shearing. Numerous studies have been dedicated to understanding the extensional flows of polymer solutions over the years. However, most of these studies only focused on flexible polymers exhibiting elasticity in their macroscopic rheology, whereas rigid polymers that portray shear-thinning but often elude elasticity in the …

In Vitro And In Vivo Diabetic Models For Assessment Of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts, Juan Carlos Carrillo Garcia

All Dissertations

Diabetes has become one of the leading causes of lower-limb loss worldwide. Every 30 seconds, a person loses a limb due to diabetic-related vascular complications. About one-third of patients needing lower-limb bypass surgery have debilitated autologous vessels unsuitable for use, and no other good long-term options are available. These detrimental effects on the vasculature are caused mainly by the hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic conditions derived from diabetes. Under these conditions, an increase in advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and reactive oxygen species leads to irreversible crosslinks of extracellular matrix proteins, accelerating vascular pathology through vascular stiffening, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, …

Injectable Immunomodulatory Strategies To Enhance Muscle Recovery Following Injury, Tai Huu Huynh

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Although skeletal muscle displays an astonishing regenerative capacity, injuries or diseases that resulted in bedridden or chronic muscle wasting can overwhelm this intrinsic feature of skeletal muscle and lead to functional deficit (range of motion and/or strength) and overall reduction in quality of life. Microenvironmental cues within injured skeletal muscle dictate regenerative and repair process which are tightly coordinated interplay among resident cells, cells recruitment and immune response following an assault in the muscle extracellular matrix (ECM). The successful regeneration of functional tissues requires both appropriate modulation of the inflammatory response, and activation of a variety of cell populations. Biomaterials …

Electromagnetic Simulations Of The Lansce Chopper Structure, Yusuf Sahin

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Particle accelerators are important for basic research as well as in applications such as ion implantation and cancer therapy. One important accelerator is the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) located at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) that primarily produces neutrons for research. The beam chopper simulation described here is a study to provide better modeling of this subsystem of LANSCE. A chopper is a device in which particles are intermittently sliced and directed to a target and/or experiment. The simulations in this thesis are used to analyze the correct operating parameters of the chopper. A good chopper model can …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Cobalt(Iii) Complexes And A Vanadium(Iv) Complex With Flavonoids As Ligands, Ethan Schroeder

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

For many years now, transition metal complexes have been used as favorable additional chemotherapeutic approaches to medicine that were previously unexplored in the literature. One well-known chemotherapeutic drug, cisplatin, has been applied, but is limited in use due to its toxicity to the cells and its undesirable side effects to humans. Newly developed cobalt-based complexes with ligands known as flavonoids are being used to fight cancer. Flavonoids, compounds mainly found in fruits and vegetables, are shown to have antioxidative and anticancer properties. Use of flavonoids as ligands in transition metal complexes, e.g., those with a Ru(II) metal center, have been …

Experimental And Computational Aerodynamic Studies Of Axially-Oriented Low-Fineness-Ratio Cylinders, Forrest Miller

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

For the successful completion of atmospheric entry, descent, and landing (EDL) missions, a body geometry must be selected which provides favorable dynamic aerodynamic properties. The types of experimental facilities capable of collecting information on these properties are limited; however, their numbers are growing thanks to the continued work by the aerodynamics community. NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) is conducting dynamic aerodynamic testing using a subsonic magnetic suspension and balance system (MSBS), with the end goal of implementing a supersonic MSBS facility at NASA Glenn Research Center. MSBSs are also currently used at the Institute of Fluid Science (IFS) at Tohoku …

Biocrude Production From Lignin In Hydrothermal Medium: Effect Of Rapid Heating And Short Residence Time, Kyoko Hirayama

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This study aims to address knowledge gaps in the production of valuable products from waste streams generated during lignocellulosic biofuel production. The primary objective is to develop a process that converts lignin, a byproduct of bioethanol refineries, into a sustainable biolubricant.

The first chapter examines recent advancements in synthesizing biolubricants and investigates their scalability. It explores innovative materials, catalysts, chemical modification approaches, and additives that have emerged in the field. A particular hurdle is the oxidative stability of biolubricants derived from plant oils, which are prone to autooxidation due to their C=C bonds. To overcome this, the study aims to …

Climate-Driven Changes In Water Quality By Physiographic Region: A Case Study Of Taos County, New Mexico, Michaela Eamma

Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Socioeconomic growth and stability in rural regions of the United States where agriculture is the dominant industry are highly reliant on access to sufficient surface water supplies. The water quantity crisis experienced worldwide in recent years has introduced questions about how to best maintain the quality of our remaining resources. Ensuring adequate access to drinking and irrigation water mandates that we protect existing surface water sources and anticipate future threats to quality. The impact of climate change on surface water quality is not spatially uniform, introducing the need to study the water-atmosphere-land system comprehensively.

This research aims to study the …

Effect Of Temperature Variations Of Corn (Maize) Oil Biodiesel On Torque Values And Thermal Efficiency Of Diesel Engines, Suardi Suardi, Rodlian Jamal Ikhwani, Ade Putri Rezki Aulia

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

The trend of consumption of hydrocarbon fuels in Indonesia, which is increasing every year, is not accompanied by the amount of production, which is decreasing. Alternative fuels to reduce dependence on hydrocarbon fuels. One form of alternative fuel is biodiesel, which is made from corn (maize) oil. Corn oil itself, if processed, can be an option for clean and environmentally friendly energy option and that is the main objective of this research is to determine the performance of biodiesel corn oil on diesel engines. The method used in this study is an experimental method where corn oil biodiesel is tested …

Analysis Of Fire And Smoke Spread In Ki Hajar Dewantara Auditorium, State University Of Jakarta, Using Fire Dynamics Simulator, Pratomo Setyadi, Ariq Harits Arrizq

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Fire behavior and smoke spread are influenced by various factors, including the amount and condition of combustible material, ventilation openings, and ceiling height. A high amount of combustible material in the auditorium poses a significant fire hazard, hence, efforts need to be made to minimize the risk. One approach is to use Computational Fluid Dynamic software, such as Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), to model fire combustion. In this research, it provides an overview of the heat release rate (HRR) of fires that occur as well as the effect of differences in ceiling height and the effect of ventilation on fire …

Neutrosophic Gsα* - Open And Closed Maps In Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, P. Anbarasi Rodrigo, S. Maheswari

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The main aim of this paper is to introduce a new concept of Neu-mapping namely Neugsa*-open maps and Neugsa* -closed maps in Neu-topological spaces. Additionally, we relate the properties and characterizations of these mappings with the other mappings in Neu-topological spaces.

Serum Metabolomic Profiling For Colorectal Cancer Using Machine Learning, Ria Nur Puspa Sari, Diah Balqis Ikfi Hidayati, Arleni Bustami

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the deadliest diseases with a high prevalence worldwide and is characterized by the appearance of adenomatous polyps in the colon mucosa which are at high risk of developing into colorectal cancer. This study aims to use serum metabolites as promising non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection and prognostication. Differences in serum metabolites in patients with adenomatous polyps, colorectal cancer, and healthy controls are considered to be able to support the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Methods: Metabolite dataset is taken from the Metabolomic Workbench. Analysis and validation are carried out in silico using machine learning …

The Unstoppable Rise Of Ai: An Interview With Dr. John Sanford, Spencer Burrows, And Anna Birchler, Brandon Powell, Spencer Burrows

International Journal of Emerging and Disruptive Innovation in Education : VISIONARIUM

AI can both help and hurt the education field (higher education and secondary education). Despite Hollywood’s depiction of artificial intelligence solely in the form of killer death robots decades into the future, AI is much more versatile - and far more dangerous - than any killer robot could be. As artificial intelligence develops at a breakneck pace, its effect on our society will increase exponentially.

An Investigation Of The Advantages And Disadvantages Of University Students As Avatars In Virtual Learning Spaces, Gary Burnett, Catherine Harvey

International Journal of Emerging and Disruptive Innovation in Education : VISIONARIUM

Authors have noted the increasing importance of avatars in Higher Education, as more teaching is conducted virtually, drawing upon gaming conventions. However, it is also recognised that little is known about how students make use of avatars (especially over an extended period) and the subsequent impact on learning experiences. For the last three years, a university module has been conducted within a persistent virtual world – where students (49 in 2020; 95 in 2021; 122 in 2022) predominantly interact with each other and teaching staff in avatar form. Observation data constitutes 60 hours of video recordings of virtual world seminars. …

62nd Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 62nd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Sonesta Denver Downtown, Denver, Colorado, July 23-27, 2023.

An Investigative Study On Quick Switching System Using Fuzzy And Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution, Uma G, Nandhitha S

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Stephens and Larson (1967) stated the sampling system as an allotted grouping of two or three sampling plans and the rules for switching between the plans for sentencing the lots of manufactured products. Quick Switching System (QSS) by Romboski (1969) is a sampling system with reference to the Single Sampling Plan (SSP) involves normal and tightened plans by adopting a switching rule. QSS provides quality protection and a reduction in the cost of inspection. The idea of fuzzy logic is adopted in the system to handle situations of fraction non-confirmation, uncertainty, or vagueness present in the parameters. The sampling plans …

A Perspective Note On Μ_N Σ Baire’S Space, N. Raksha Ben, G. Hari Siva Annam, G. Helen Rajapushpam

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This paper presents an introduction to many novel types of sets, including μN strongly dense sets, μN strongly nowhere dense sets, μN strongly first category sets, and μN strongly nowhere residual sets. The features of these sets are briefly elucidated. In addition, by the use of these techniques, we have successfully obtained the highly Baire space μN, and it is imperative to elucidate its inherent features.

A Newfangled Interpretation On Fermatean Neutrosophic Dombi Fuzzy Graphs, D. Sasikala, B. Divya

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graph is an advancement of the Dombi fuzzy graph and intuitionistic Dombi fuzzy graph. In this paper, we have initiated a new concept of the Fermatean neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graph. Further, we identified a few products of the direct, cartesian, composition of Fermatean neutrosophic Dombi fuzzy graphs. Also, we examined the related proposition with suitable illustrations with graphs.

Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 6

Human-Machine Communication

This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 6.

Valenced Media Effects On Robot-Related Attitudes And Mental Models: A Parasocial Contact Approach, Jan-Philipp Stein, Jaime Banks

Human-Machine Communication

Despite rapid advancements in robotics, most people still only come into contact with robots via mass media. Consequently, robot-related attitudes are often discussed as the result of habituation and cultivation processes, as they unfold during repeated media exposure. In this paper, we introduce parasocial contact theory to this line of research— arguing that it better acknowledges interpersonal and intergroup dynamics found in modern human–robot interactions. Moreover, conceptualizing mediated robot encounters as parasocial contact integrates both qualitative and quantitative aspects into one comprehensive approach. A multi-method experiment offers empirical support for our arguments: Although many elements of participants’ beliefs and attitudes …

Human-Ai Teaming During An Ongoing Disaster: How Scripts Around Training And Feedback Reveal This Is A Form Of Human-Machine Communication, Keri K. Stephens, Anastazja G. Harris, Amanda L. Hughes, Carolyn E. Montagnolo, Karim Nader, S. Ashley Stevens, Tara Tasuji, Yifan Xu, Hemant Purohit, Christopher W. Zobel

Human-Machine Communication

Humans play an integral role in identifying important information from social media during disasters. While human annotation of social media data to train machine learning models is often viewed as human-computer interaction, this study interrogates the ontological boundary between such interaction and human-machine communication. We conducted multiple interviews with participants who both labeled data to train machine learning models and corrected machine-inferred data labels. Findings reveal three themes: scripts invoked to manage decision-making, contextual scripts, and scripts around perceptions of machines. Humans use scripts around training the machine—a form of behavioral anthropomorphism—to develop social relationships with them. Correcting machine-inferred data …

Disentangling Two Fundamental Paradigms In Human-Machine Communication Research: Media Equation And Media Evocation, Margot J. Van Der Goot, Katrin Etzrodt

Human-Machine Communication

In this theoretical paper, we delineate two fundamental paradigms in how scholars conceptualize the nature of machines in human-machine communication (HMC). In addition to the well-known Media Equation paradigm, we distinguish the Media Evocation paradigm. The Media Equation paradigm entails that people respond to machines as if they are humans, whereas the Media Evocation paradigm conceptualizes machines as objects that can evoke reflections about ontological categories. For each paradigm, we present the main propositions, research methodologies, and current challenges. We conclude with theoretical implications on how to integrate the two paradigms, and with a call for mixed-method research that includes …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Virtual Reality (Vr) Training Devices For Pilot Training, Ryan Guthridge, Virginia Clinton-Lisell

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Virtual Reality (VR) technology is a quickly advancing field that has many documented benefits, including highly detailed environments, accuracy to the real world, and low cost of entry in the flight simulation market. At the time of this study, VR technology has not been well tested or widely accepted in the aviation industry. In this mixed methods study, quantitative and qualitative data was collected on beginning-level instrument pilots (n = 120) while performing a visual traffic pattern at an airport. A one-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the equivalence of each group in the study based on previous flight and …