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A Population Study Of The Burrowing Owl Near Tampa, Florida, William D. Courser

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Vegetative Propagation Of Saltgrass Rhizomes, Kenneth A. Pavlicek

Biology ETDs

Saltgrass (Distichlis stricta) is a potential candidate for mine spoil-bank revegetation in New Mexico. Laboratory studies were conducted on the vegetative propagation of saltgrass from rhizomes. Optimum temperature for growth was 25 to 30 C. No clear relationship was found between the length of a rhizome section and its capacity to sprout vegetative material. In rhizome desiccation experiments, one-node segments lost water more quickly than did two-node sections. A marked reduction in rhizome sprouting was observed when moisture losses exceeded 35% of the initial fresh weight. Rhizome buds failed to demonstrate seasonal dormancy but were influenced by apical dominance. One­node …

The Chromosome Constitutions Of A Hybrid Salmonid And Its Parental Types: Salmo Gairdneri And Salmo Clarki, Peter Bruce Valentine Jacky

Dissertations and Theses

A study was undertaken to investigate the application of tissue culture and histochemical banding techniques normally used in mammalian studies to fish cells and to examine the mechanisms of chromosome evolution and speciation in salmonids by comparing the chromosomes of the hybrid to those of the parental types. The application of banding techniques was generally unsuccessful in revealing bands, though quinacrine staining did reveal the presence of two fluorescent spots in the vicinity of the centromere. These were thought to be heterochromatic blocks, possibly related to the high incidence of centric fusion or fission in salmonids. Results of chromosome analysis …

Effect Of Hemozoin (A Malarial Pigment) On ⁵¹Cr Release From ⁵¹Cr-Labeled Rbc's, John E. Heidrich

Biology ETDs

The incubation of chromium (⁵¹Cr)-labeled red blood cells (RBC) at 37° C in 5% CO₂ in the presence of hemozoin, a malarial pigment, resulted in the release of ⁵¹Cr depending upon the species of Plasmodium (rodent or simian) from which the hemozoin was prepared. Hemozoin prepared from Plasmodium berghei caused specific release of 26% of the label from RBC of Lewis rats of age 4 months or older. No significant effect was seen in younger rats since the control RBC's released 55-65% of the label spontaneously. This same hemozoin preparation caused inhibition of release of the …

Population Dynamics And Tackle Catch Susceptibility Of The Smallmouth Buffalo, Ictiobus Bubalus (Rafinesque), In Rough River Lake, Kentucky, Alan Waite

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The population of the smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque), was studied in Rough River Lake, Kentucky, from July, 1974, through June, 1975. A total of 758 individuals were collected with 587 being marked and returned.

From calculations made using poison population sample data, population size was estimated to be between 150,00 to 225,000 adult fish or 29 to 44 fish per acre. Scales were studied to determine age and through back calculation, the total length of each fish at the time of each annulus formation determined. Ten year ciasses were observed with the majority of the fish in age groups …

Forest Composition Of Rock Creek Gorge A Virgin Forest In Laurel County, Kentucky, Margaret Ringland

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Rock Creek Gorge in Rock Creek Natural Landmark in Laurel County, Kentucky is a deep narrow gorge dominated by Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr., Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC., Betula lenta L. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. Rhododendron maximum L., dominating the understory, is also an important constituent of the gorge. An analysis of the forest composition showed the community to be stable and climax. The dominant species were found in sapling and seedling size classes. The vegetation varied slightly between the east facing and west facing slopes. Hemlock did not attain as high an importance value on the west facing slope, although …

Distribution Of Stream Pollution In Lake Water, Richard W. Tew, Samuel S. Egdorf, James E. Deacon

Publications (WR)

Wastewater effluent-laden waters from Las Vegas Wash (LVW) form a density current that may be detected in Boulder Basin of Lake Mead at considerable distances from the wash estuary. This led to the suspicion that water from the inflowing stream [40 mgd (1.5 X 10⁵ cu m/day)] might not be rapidly diluted in the enormous volume of the lake [19 mil acre-ft (2.3 X 10¹⁰ cu m)], but might persist as a recognizable entity to the vicinity of the intake of a major water source for populous Clark County, Nev.

Because of the detection sensitivity implicit in the …

Evaluation F The Germ Tube Test & Other Tests For The Differentiation Of Candida Albicans From Candida Stellatoidea, Daniel Rogers

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Candida albicans is a pathogenic yeast often encountered in the medical laboratory. A survey taken by mail of 110 Kentucky hospital and clinical laboratories demonstrated that the germ tube test is the most frequently used method for the identification of this organism. Earlier workers have found that this technique does not distinguish between C. albicans and C. stellatoidea. Various modifications of the germ tube test that could possibly be used in the differentiation of these two taxa were investigated. Parameters examined included the effects of oxygen tension, CO₂, increased temperature, serum dilution, glucose concentration, and a synthetic …

The Relationship Between Gill Na+ + K+ -Activated Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity And Sodium Regulation In Acclimation Of The Blue Crab, John Lewis Harris

Master's Theses

Evidence from this study suggests that Na++K+-activated ATPase is involved in the ionic regulation of sodium in the hemo-lymph of the blue crab in low salinity environments. The time course of changes in gill Na++K+-ATPase specific activity follow- ing transfer of crabs from JO o/oo to 5 o/oo salinity indicates that a major increase in activity occurred within 2.5-3.0 hr. Apparently, a 8.8-11.1% decrease in hemolymph sodium ion concen-tration to about J55-J60 meq/1 in approximately 2-J hr was sufficient to activate the ATPase cation transport system in the gills of Callinectes sapidus. Following enzymatic activation, hemolymph sodium concentration gradually approached …

The Role Of An Eyestalk Extract In The Regulation Of The Blood Sodium And Calcium Concentrations Of The Blue Crab Callinectes Sapidus, Gregory Martin Ivy

Master's Theses

The effect of bilateral eyestalk ligation or ablation on the blood Na+ and ca++ concentrations of the euryhaline blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, was measured in 10 o/oo and 5 o/oo sea water. The ablations caused a significant decrease in the blood Na+ and ca++ over a 24 hour period. The serum Na+ level increased significantly 6 hours following injections of an eyestalk extract whereas the blood total ca++ level did not change significantly. Eyestalk ligation, however, did not cause significant blood Na+ and ca++ changes. The blood Na+ level of intact crabs increased significantly in acclimating to colder water when …

Host And Habitat Preferences, Life History, Pathogenicity And Population Regulation In Species Of Protocalliphora Hough (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Terry Lee Whitworth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The host, habitat preferences, and life histories of species of Protocalliphora were investigated in northern Utah. The effect of species of Protocalliphora on blood levels (hematocrit and hemoglobin) and weight gains of nestling birds also was studied.

A total of 1,819 bird nests were examined, representing 68 bird species from 10 habitats. Forty-eight percent (869) of the nests of 51 bird species found were infested. Eighteen species of Protocalliphora, including 11 undescribed, were collected.

Birds experiencing a high rate of infestation included most colonial nesters (such as bank swallows and yellow-headed blackbirds), cavity nesters (such as starlings and tree swallows, …

Nitrogen Cycling In A Microcosm Simulation Of The Northern Arm Of The Great Salt Lake, John C. Stube

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nitrogen cycling was studied in the hypersaline northern arm of the Great Salt Lake (332,480 mg/l total dissolved solids) using a sediment-water microcosm simulation of that system. The study demonstrated that nitrate, ammonia, and urea were not stimulating to the halophilic bacteria in the microcosm. The bacteria were simulated only indirectly simulated bacterial growth. In addition, no nitrification could be demonstrated during the study.

Weekly analyses of water samples from the north arm of the lake itself showed that nitrate and nitrite were absent, leaving ammonia as the only significant form of inorganic nitrogen in the northern lake basin. Other …

Insect Consumption Of Seeded Rangeland Herbage In A Selected Area Of Diamond Fork Canyon, Utah County, Utah, Diane M. Bowers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study compares insect and cattle consumption of crested wheatgrass (Agropycon spp.) on a site in Sterling Ranch, Utah County, Utah. The hypothesis tested is that insect consumption in general, and specifically consumption by Labops hesperius Uhler, significantly reduces total available cattle forage.

Labops and grasshoppers were probably the major cause of secondary damage at the study site, while the impact of thrips is unknown. A detrimental impact on range was suggested by the data, as insects consumed forage equivalent to 2.8 animal units per month, while cattle consumed forage equivalent to 2.1 animal units per month at the …

Reinstatement Of The Genus Tiquilia (Boraginaceae: Ehretioideae) And Descriptions Of Four New Species, Alfred Richardson

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

No abstract provided.

Ecological Management Of The Alfalfa Leafcutter Bee, Megachile Pacifica (Panzer), With Emphasis On Diapause Induction, Ron M. Bitner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in the alfalfa leafcutter bee, Megachile pacifica (Panzer) (=M. rotundata Auct.), were studied during the summers of 1972, 1973 and 1974, The influence of photoperiod and temperature on mortality, rate of development and incidence of diapause was measured during the developmental stages of this insect. The aim of this research was to assess the potential for manipulation of the number of generations of this bee per season so as to develop a practical and ecologically-sound method of management,

Eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of M. pacifica were subjected to regimens …

The Effects Of Hibernation On Memory In Myotis Velifer, Brian Thomas Snider

Biology ETDs

The effects of hibernation on learning ability and retention were studied in Myotis velifer, a small cave bat. Bats were maze trained using illumination intensity as visual discrimination and food as positive reinforcement. In experiment one, bats placed in a hibernaculum at 7 C for intervals of 4 or 10 days after learning had memory retention similar to control animals maintained at 31 C. In experiment two the effect of placing animals daily in a 7 C hibernaculum for 5-7 hr immediately after learning was studied. Animals hibernating daily showed significant decreases in the rate of learning. Experiment two procedure …

Optimal Foraging: The Marginal Value Theorem, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Science Citation Classic Award

The Nature And Distribution Of Enteric Bacteria In Las Vegas Bay, Samuel S. Egdorf

Publications (WR)

The distribution of water and of enteric bacteria of possible fecal origin into Las Vegas Bay from Las Vegas Wash was determined. Determination of distribution patterns was attained by applying the concept of the population component ratio of enteric bacteria. The development and application of new techniques and methods implicit in the application of the "component ratio" concept are discussed. The unreliability of thoroughly referenced techniques and methods generally accepted as standard are treated in detail. Physical factors affecting the distribution and deposition of enteric bacteria (including those of special public health importance) in Las Vegas Bay are also discussed.

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoretic Studies Demonstrating Cytoplasmic Protein Components Unique To The Mycelial Phase And To The Yeast Phase Of Candida Albicans, Theresa Catherine Burgess

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Blastospore and mycelial cytoplasmic extracts from four strains of Candida albicans, varying in virulence, were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis Cytoplasmic extracts were made by disrupting the cultures in a Braun homogenizer followed by ultracentrifugation. The supernatant fractions were then resolved on polyacrylamide gels containing SDS. Each of the preparations yielded a distinct pattern. There were mycelial specific and blastospore specific protein bands. There were more components resolved from the blastospore phase cytoplasmic extracts than from the mycelial phase cytoplasmic extracts. There were bands common to both phases. These results demonstrate protein components unique …

Ecological Implications Of Resource Depression, Eric Charnov, Gordon Orians, Kim Hyatt

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

A common but not universal consequence of the foraging activities of a predator is a lowering of capture rates with prey in its immediate vicinity. This may result from a number of different processes and need not require actual harvesting of any prey items by the predator. We term this phenomenon "depression" and its ecological consequences are the focus of this paper. A great deal of attention has been devoted to implications of changes in prey abundances as a result of the activity of predators. We will focus on changes in prey availability strictly in terms of the perspective of …

A Survey Of Small Mammals On Islands In The Columbia And Willamette Rivers, Gayle Kirk

Dissertations and Theses

A survey of small mammals on eight islands in the Columbia and Willamette Rivers near Portland, Oregon was conducted in 1974. The islands were Govermnent , Sand, Lemon, McGuire and Sandy Islands in the Columbia River and East, Ross and Hardtack Islands in the Willamette River. The objectives of the study were to ascertain and compare the kinds, distribution and relative densitites of small mammals . A variety of traps was used to capture the animals including Museum Special Rodent Traps , back- break mouse traps, scissor and guillotine- type stab mole traps , Sherman traps , modified Young traps …

"Biological Determinism As A Social Weapon", Richard C. Lewontin

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

No abstract provided.

The Androgenic Glands Of The Pacific Crayfish, Pacifastacus Leniusculus Trowbridgii Stimpson, 1859, Larry L. Sanders

Dissertations and Theses

The androgenic glands of the Pacific crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus trowbridgii Stimpson, 1859, were studied experimentally and by light and electron microscopy. The androgenic glands proliferate in the spring of the year concurrently with an increase in mitotic activity in the testes. Degeneration of a major portion of the glands occurs in the fall, when spermatogenic activity in the testes is near completion. Cellular development appears to progress from small undifferentiated cells through stages of vacuolization and hypertrophy and terminates with degeneration or lysis. The fine structure of the vacuolated gland cells is indicative of increased metabolic activity and probable hormone …

Patterns Of Proteins Synthesized In The R15 Neuron Of Aplysia: Temporal Studies And Evidence For Processing, F. Strumwasser, David L. Wilson

Biology Articles and Papers

The time-course of changes in the pattern of newly synthesized proteins in the R15 neuron of the parietovisceral ganglion of Aplysia californica has been studied at 14 degrees C. 5% polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have been used to separate newly synthesized (leucine-labeled) proteins from the neuron. We have demonstrated that the pattern of newly synthesized proteins from the R15 neuron does not change significantly if 5-h pulses of labeled leucine are given during the first 72 h of in vitro incubation of the excised ganglion. However, the level of leucine incorporation begins to decline somewhere between 17 …

Genetic Variation In Scandinavian Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta L.): Evidence Of Distinct Sympatric Populations, Fred W. Allendorf, Nils Ryman, A. Stennek, G. Stahl

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Large differences in certain morphological traits between populations of brown trout (Salmo trutfa L.) in the lakes of northern Sweden led us to initiate an electrophoretic examination in an effort to understand the genetic structure of these populations. A total of 549 brown trout from four lakes were examined at 10 electrophoretically detected loci. Genetic variation was found at only three loci, coding for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (AGP), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK). A total absence of heterozygotes at the LDH-I locus in Lake Bunnersjoarna, coupled with significant correlations between LDH-I type and both CPK-I allele frequencies and …

Gene Duplication In The Family Salmonidae 111. Linkage Between Two Duplicated Loci Coding For Aspartate Aminotransferase In The Cutthroat Trout (Salmo Clarki), Fred W. Allendorf, Fred M. Utter

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The genetic control of the supernatant form of aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) was studied in the cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) through a series of experimental matings. 509 individuals of eight families were examined to determine (1) the number of loci, (2) the mode of inheritance (i.e. disomic or tetrasomic), and (3) the linkage relationship of the loci involved. The variation observed is controlled by a duplicated locus resulting from a presumed tetraploid event of an ancestral salmonid. The inheritance experiments revealed .the presence of two disomic loci rather than a single tetrasomic locus. indicating that disomy has been reestablished …

Reproductive Parameters For Nine Avian Species At Moore Creek, Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, G. Tanner Girard

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Ecology Of East-Central Illinois Hill Prairies, John Thomas Reeves

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Cell-Cell Interactions In Normal And Tw32 Homozygous Preimplantation Mouse Embryos, Phyllis M. Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Immediate objectives of the following studies were to characterize and compare normal versus lethal mutant (t^W32/t^W32) cellular interactions during preimplantation mouse development. Principal experimental methods used included embryo culture and microscopy. Control and mutant embryos were analyzed in vitro to identify chronological events and phenotypic characteristics of t^W32 homozygotes. Cell-cell associations of uncompacted and compacted 8-cell control (ICR) embryos were analyzed by quantitative electron microscopy. Lastly, light microscopic analyses were performed on control and mutant (t^W32/t^W32) morulae.

Optimal Foraging: Attack Strategy Of A Mantid, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Much recent theoretical work in foraging theory derives hypotheses from the general assumption that animals are "efficient" in their foraging activities. Useful reviews may be found in Krebs (1973), Schoener (1971), MacArthur (1972), and Charnov (1973). The problems considered usually relate to breadth of diet (Schoeneer 1969, 1971; Emlen 1966; MacArthur 1972; Marten 1973; Pulliam 1973; Werner and Hall 1974; Timin 1973; MacArthur and Pianka 1966; Pearson 1974; Rapport 1971), strategies of movement (Cody 1971; Pyke 1974a, 1974b; Smith 1974a, 1974b), or use of a patchy environment (Royama 1970; MacArthur and Pianka 1966; Pulliam 1973; Krebs et al. 1974; Smith …