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Elephant Library, Elephant Editors

Elephant

First mention of the future Elephant Library at the Wayne State University Library System

Ban The Ivory Campaign, Elephant Editors

Elephant

Timeline and details of the Ban The Ivory campaign.

Present Status Of The Asian Elephant (Elephas Maximus Linneaus, 1758), Robert C. D. Olivier

Elephant

Summary of the distribution, population, habitat, conservation, etc. of the Asian Elephant.

Erratum, Elephant Editors

Elephant

Correction of the location of the Elephant Symposium at the 59th Annual Meeting of the ASM to Corvallis from Portland, Oregon.

Captive Elephant Population, Elephant Editors

Elephant

Survey of elephants in captivity, 1978.

Elephants In The Plant World, Dale J. Osborn

Elephant

Survey of plants named for features that recall the elephant.

The Combined Effects Of Air Temperature, Wind, And Radiation On The Resting Metabolism Of Avian Raptors, Steven R. Hayes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

American kestrels, Falco sparverius; red-tailed hawks, Buteo jamaicensis; and golden eagles, Aguila chrysaetos, were perched in a wind tunnel and subjected to various combinations of air temperature, wind, and radiation. Oxygen consumption was measured under the various combinations of environmental variables, and multiple regression equations were developed to predict resting metabolism as a function of body mass, air temperature, wind speed, and radiation load. Heat transfer analysis of the bird-thermal environment relationship was conducted to produce a biophysical model describing resting metabolism as a function of feather thermal conductance.

Because of differences in surface area to mass …

Investigations Of Population Structure And Relative Abundance Of Year-Classes Of Buffalo Fishes, Ictiobus Spp., In Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota, David W. Willis

Theses and Dissertations

This study was undertaken to investigate the population and abundance of year-classes of the buffalo fishes in Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota. Fish used in this study were obtained from Grasteit Dakota Fisheries, a commercial fishing operation headquartered in Newtown, North Dakota.

Only bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus) and smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus) were collected during this study; no black buffalo (Iciobus niger) were captured. The age and growth of these fish was found to be quite similar to that in other Missouri River mainstem reservoirs. The mean condition factor (K-TL) for the bigmouth was found to be 1.88 and for the …

Feeding Habits And Reproduction Of Three Sympatric Lizard Species From West-Central Utah, John B. Andre

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The feeding habits and reproduction of Uta stansburiana, Crotaphytus collaris and Cnemidophorus tigris during spring and summer 1976 are described. Feeding habits are expressed in percent total number and volume of prey items and frequency of occurrence of each prey category. Importance Values are also calculated. These values better illustrate the feeding habits of the lizard species than either percent total number and volume and frequency of prey category occurrence.

Lizards consume a variety of food items throughout the growing season. Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera and Arachnida are the major prey categories of U. stansburiana. The major prey categories …

The Effect Of Various Environmental Factors On The Growth Of A Red Pigmented Dunaliella Species From The Great Salt Lake, Sam Oeun May

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A red, obligately halophilic Dunaliella species believed to be D. salina was isolated from the North Arm of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, and its optimum growth conditions were determined.

The red pigmented Dunaliella species required an optimum NaCl concentration of 10%, temperature 28°C, and an illuminance of 7500 lux. Ammonium carbonate was preferred over potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride. Potassium nitrate was preferred over ammonium chloride. The average division (generation) time under the above conditions was 46.5 hours.

The alga grown in ammonium carbonate showed a lower content of chlorophyll a compared to those grown in potassium nitrate and …

The Role Of Vegetation Architecture In Determining Spider Community Organization, Cynthia L. Hatley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationships between vegetation architecture and spider community attributes were examined in a big sage (Artemisia tridentata) community. Spiders were separated into guilds using similarities of species' hunting behavior. Shrub architecture was experimentally manipulated in the field by either clipping 50% of a shrub's foliage to decrease foliage density or tying together a shrub's branches to increase foliage density.

Temporal patterns of spider species density, diversity (H') and evenness (J') showed midsummer peaks in both 1974 and 1975. Seasonal spider guild trends reflected the temporal prominence of a member species or genus. These temporally abundant species appeared to …

A Study Of Sedge-Dominated Areas In The Uinta Mountains, George Murchie Briggs

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty-six sedge-dominated sites in the Uinta Mountains of northeastern Utah were studied. These sites could be placed into two categories, wetland sites (those with water-saturated soils) and alpine tundra sites.

The alpine sites had above-ground standing crops between 37 and 206 g/m². The soils were sandy and low in nutrients. Indirect gradient analysis of the alpine sites showed a relationship between soil stability and vegetation. No other factors were found to be related to overall vegetation patterns.

The wetland sites were dominated by different Carex species than the alpine sites. These wetlands were often patches of monotypic stands. …

Nasal Absorption Of Dtpa In Rats And Beagle Dogs, Robert E. Dudley

Biology ETDs

The use of nuclear generated power increases the risk that human accidental exposure to radionuclides will occur. Chelation therapy has been used to remove internally deposited radionuclides primarily by intravenous injection of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Recently, inhalation of aerosolized DTPA has been shown to be both a convenient and effective means of treatment. Inhalation of aerosolized OTPA through the nose and mouth results in a significant deposition in the nasopharyngeal region of the respiratory tract. This study was designed to determine the fate of OTPA deposited in the nasopharyngeal region of the respiratory tract of rats and Beagle dogs, particularly …

Production Of Canine Macrophage Inhibitory Factor And Its Comparison To Canine Alpha₁-Antitrypsin, Carol Therese Schnizlein

Biology ETDs

Both migration inhibitory factory (MIF) and alpha1-antitrypsin (A1-AT) interact with macrophages. MIF interactions occur during cell-mediated immune responses while A1AT interacts by inhibiting proteolytic enzymes released by macrophages. A comparison of the characteristics of guinea pig MIF and human A1AT in the current literature indicates that both are glycoproteins containing sialic acid with molecular weights of approximately 50,000 daltons. To determine the comparative characteristics of MIF and A1AT, this study partially characterized MIF and A1AT from the dog and evaluated their effect on the in vitro migration of canine pulmonary alveolar macrophages. Canine MIF was produced by stimulating peripheral blood …

Environmental Factors Affecting Natural Succession On Coal Mine Spoils, Jens W. Deichmann

Biology ETDs

Strip-mining for coal and other mineral resources in the southwestern United States has produced problems in reclamation entirely different from those encountered in regions of higher or more effective precipitation. It was the intent of this study to look at the essentially random assortment of environmental factors left after the mining process and to determine qualitatively, as well as quantitatively, which of those factors are more likely to lead to the successful germination and establishment of invading plant species. A second objective was to determine what changes in the spoil material are occurring as a result of plant establishment.

Major …

Sex Ratio: Adaptive Response To Population Fluctuation In Pandalid Shrimp, Eric Charnov, Daniel Gotshall, Jack Robinson

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Pandalus jordani is a protandrus (sequential) hermaphrodite. Populations show large year-to-year variation in age composition. In response to this variation, individuals alter the age at which they change sex. This response is predicted by a genetic model that assumes an individual shrimp maximizes its genetic contribution to the next generation.

The Wavelength Dependence Of Ultraviolet Induction Of Simian Virus 40 From A Transformed Line Of Hamster Kidney Cells, Dennis Fry

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Ultraviolet light has previously been shown to cause viral induction in some SV40 transformed cell lines. The induction of this virus from an established line (clone E) of hamster kidney cells by monochromatic ultraviolet light was studied. Ten wavelengths in the region of 240 nm to 366 nm were tested. The induced viral titers were determined by the agar overlay plaque assay technique.

A distinct wavelength dependence was shown for induction in this cell-virus system. A broad peak in induction efficiency extending from 260 nm to 280 nm was found. This indicates a DNA-protein interaction in the induction process.

The Health Science Institute: An Experience In Learning, Clarence Lee, Georgiana Aboko-Cole

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

The Health Science Institute of Howard University was initiated during the summer of 1973 by students and faculty members in the Colleges of Liberal Arts and Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences to address one of the major problems related to the overall poor status of health-care delivery for residents of the nation's underserved areas-the critical health manpower shortage.

The Wavelength Dependence Of Ultraviolet Enhanced Reactivation In A Mammalian Cell-Virus System, Leslie C. James

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the wavelength region 230 nm to 302 nm on the ability of an irradiated mammalian cell to reactivate UV-irradiated mammalian virus was tests. An action spectrum for radiation enhanced reactivation (RER) Is presented. The shape of the action spectrum points to a combined nucleic acid protein target for UV radiation effects on this cellular parameter. An analysis of the results of others involving the biochemical and photobiological events involved in the RER does not allow the identification of the macromolecule which is the major contributor to this effect. Studies involving an analogous phenomenon …

Differential Clotting Responses Of Rabbits To Injections Of Homogenates From Wild-Type And Tumorous-Head Drosophila Melanogaster, Alfred B. Cox

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Two groups of New Zealand white rabbits were injected with homogenates from Tumorous-head (Tuh) and Wild-type (WT) Drosophila melanogaster. A third group was used as a saline injected control. Blood collected in both acute and chronic studies was subjected to various hematological and post mortem studies. The Tuh injected group showed a five-fold increase in thrombocytes (blood platelets) over the controls and four-fold increase over the wild-type group. Reduced clotting times were noted from acute to chronic studies in both tumorous and wild-type studies; however, the magnitude of change between the two groups was insignificant. Investigations involving electrophoretic banding patterns, …

Radiotelemetry Of Heart Rates From Free-Ranging Gulls, J. W. Kanwisher, Timothy C. Williams , '64, J. M. Teal, K. O. Lawson

Biology Faculty Works

A lightweight radiotelemetry system with a range of 80 km was used to monitor heart rate from free-ranging Herring Gulls on flights of up to 20 km. Heart rate varied from 130 beats/min in a resting bird to 625 beats/min for sustained flight. Soaring birds showed rates similar to those of birds sitting quietly on the ground. Simultaneous records of telemetered heart rate and intraspecific conflict on the nesting island revealed that cardiac acceleration preceded overt visual communication. Intensely aggressive behavior was accompanied by heart rates approaching those of sustained flight. Heart rate as a measure of metabolic cost indicates …

Vegetational Communities On An Abandoned Farm In Van Buren County, Michigan, Larry G. Visser

Masters Theses

Introduction

Several studies have been made of xeric forests in southern Michigan which have developed through secondary succession following the cutting of the presettlement vegetation. Brewer et al. (1973) described such an area in Allegan County, Michigan which was dominated by presettlement pine and is now dominated by oak. The oak forests of the Harvey Ott Preserve in Calhoun County, Michigan have been described by Catana (1967). Studies of the oak forests in the Haven Hill area in southeastern Michigan have been made by Thompson (1953). In addition to these studies of xeric forests in southern Michigan, extensive studies of …

The Effects Of Body Size, Hair And Brown Adipose Tissue Upon Fever In The Rabbit, Reginald L. Dean

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Facultative Sex Ratio And Population Dynamics, John Werren, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Circadian Rhythms In Blood And Self-Measured Physiologic Variables In Young People Ages 9-14, Joseph Rabatin

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

In order to investigate circadian (about 24 hour) rhythms in young people 9-14 years of age in several physiologic variables, self-measurements of oral temperature, pulse, blood pressure and selected performance tests were conducted by ten subjects. Each subject was also 'hospitalized for a twenty-four hour span in order to have blood sampled to detect a circadian rhythm in several blood constituents and indices.

Occurrence Of Corbicula Manilensis Phillipi In The Lower Minnesota River, Steven E. Cummings, James A. Jones

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

On March 2, 1978, several empty shells of the fresh water clam, Corbicula manilensis Phillipi, were collected in the Minnesota River near the Blackdog electric generating plant in Burnsville, Minnesota. Since this Asiatic species was first observed in America in 1935, it has spread into all major river systems of North America. Its northernly extension in the Mississippi River system was, however, thought to end in northeast Iowa and to exclude Minnesota. Occurrence of this species is a potential liability because it often exerts a disruptive influence in the community that it invades.

Dictyostelium Discoideum's 35-Year Contribution To Growth Of Biology: A Bibliometric Analysis, Joann Hilmas, Walter Fluegel

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Biological Abstracts is a sufficiently adequate bibliometric tool for the analysis of the accumulated literature of certain organisms. Dictyostelium discoideum (Cellular slime mold) titles are scarce, yet literature growth parallels some of the same growth patterns as the whole of science. Relatively few (5 percent) biologists produce most (55 percent) of the literature on this organism. American authors predominate. The literature is grouped into various categories such as aggregation, cytology, growth, and genetics with the molecular-physiological works surpassing all other categories combined in the last 5 years (66 percent). Although the literature is scattered worldwide, most articles are found in …

Notes On The Flora Of Rhode Island, Gordon Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Distribution And Relative Abundance Of Small Mammals In The Illini Forest Plantation, Urbana, Illinois, James M. Novak

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The abundance and distribution of small mammals were analyzed for correlation with the vegetational characteris· tics of their habitat. Positive correlations were found for the number of mammals trapped per area trapped versus the total ground cover (r= .67, P< .05) and for the number of mammal species versus total ground cover (r= .73, P<.05). The habitat preferences of the three species trapped (short-tailed shrews B/,arina brevicauda. white-footed mice Peromyscus leucopuus, and meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus) showed a distinct distributional pattern for the species in relation to their habitats. The management of forest-tree plantations to achieve high densities during the seedling stage and the use of silvicultural practices that promote high shrub densities are suggested as inexpensive and natural control measures for injurious microtine rodents. Seedlings must be permitted to reach a sufficient height to remove the risk of the shrubs overtopping them.

Notes On The Flora Of Rhode Island, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.