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Evaluation Of Potato Cultivars Grown In Saudi Arabia By Morphological Characters And Rapd Markers, Abd-Rahman Mohamed M. Al-Moshileh, Mohamed Zaky El-Shinawy, Mohamed Ibrahim Motawei Apr 2025

Evaluation Of Potato Cultivars Grown In Saudi Arabia By Morphological Characters And Rapd Markers, Abd-Rahman Mohamed M. Al-Moshileh, Mohamed Zaky El-Shinawy, Mohamed Ibrahim Motawei

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Genetic diversity of 10 potato cultivars was investigated at the DNA level with the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) procedure and at the phenotypic level using morphological characters. The results indicated that there were considerable variations among the different studied cultivars. Cultivars Victoria, Frizia and Safaren had the highest chlorophyll content compared to the other cultivars in both seasons. The largest leaf area and leaf dry weight were measured in cultivar Safaren and Mondial in both seasons. Cultivars Aboulx and Mondia produced the highest tuber yield in both seasons. On the other hand, cultivars Victoria and Edward were characterized by …

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Hemipteran Hopper Species Associated With Acid Lime Plants (Citrus Aurantifolia L .) In The Sultanate Of Oman: Candidate Vectors Of Witches’-Broom Disease Of Lime, Syed Ali Razvi, Rashid Al-Shidi, Najma Mahmood Al-Zadjali, Yousuf Mohammad Al-Raeesy Apr 2025

Hemipteran Hopper Species Associated With Acid Lime Plants (Citrus Aurantifolia L .) In The Sultanate Of Oman: Candidate Vectors Of Witches’-Broom Disease Of Lime, Syed Ali Razvi, Rashid Al-Shidi, Najma Mahmood Al-Zadjali, Yousuf Mohammad Al-Raeesy

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Regular monitoring of hemipteran hopper species (including psyllids) associated with small-fruited acid lime trees (Citrus aurantifolia L.) was conducted for four years using motorized insect suction to determine the possible vectors of witches’- broom disease of lime (WBDL). The study was done in two phases: monitoring was done in Habra village, Wilayat Wadi AlMaawal (Batinah region) for one year from June 2000 to May 2001; then monitoring was done in Maharah village, Wilayat AlMusannah (Batinah region), for a period of three years from May 2001 to April 2004. Twelve species of cicadellid leafhoppers and one delpahacid planthopper species were collected, …

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Habitat Variation And Its Effect On The Morphological Characters Of Three Wild Plant Species In El-Riyadh City, W.K. Taia, H.A. El-Olyan Apr 2025

Habitat Variation And Its Effect On The Morphological Characters Of Three Wild Plant Species In El-Riyadh City, W.K. Taia, H.A. El-Olyan

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Fourteen taxonomic characters have been studied in three wild plant species in El-Riyadh city; Francoeuria crispa, Zilla spinosa and Rumex vesicarius; collected from three different habitats. The results of this study revealed that the habitats have insignificant effect on the leaf characters in spite of the slight effect on the general status, fruiting stage and color of the plants. Cross correspondence analysis between the habitats revealed that the variations were within the confidence limits. It is concluded that leaf characters can be used as an effective selection criterion for classification.

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Fate Of Preharvest-Sprayed Dicofol In Date Fruits: Residue Analysis By Hplc-Uv, S. Al-Rehiayani, K.A. Osman Apr 2025

Fate Of Preharvest-Sprayed Dicofol In Date Fruits: Residue Analysis By Hplc-Uv, S. Al-Rehiayani, K.A. Osman

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The fate of pre-harvest-sprayed dicofol (DCF) on date fruits has been investigated. Date palm trees, variety Sukkari, were sprayed with DCF (18.5%, EC) at the rate of 200 ml/100 L. DCF residues in date fruits were determined at different time intervals using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection at 220 nm. The method was based on extraction with ethyl acetate. The results showed that the HPLC response was linear (r2 > 0.98) for DCF in the range of 0.0 to 2 mμg. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.24 and 0.80 ppm, respectively. The method was developed by …

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Prediction Of Composition Of Broiler Chicken Excreta Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, I. T. Kadim, W. Al-Marzooqi, O. Mahgoub, K. Annamalai Apr 2025

Prediction Of Composition Of Broiler Chicken Excreta Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, I. T. Kadim, W. Al-Marzooqi, O. Mahgoub, K. Annamalai

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopic (NIRS) calibrations were developed for the prediction of the content of dry matter (DM); nitrogen (N), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) in broiler excreta samples. The chemical composition of broiler excreta was determined by the conventional chemical analysis methods in the laboratory and compared with NIRS. Excreta samples (n = 72) were oven dried (60 oC) and analyzed for DM, N, EE, NDF, ADF, GE, Ca and P. The determined values (mean ± SD) were as follows: DM: 31.46 ± 7.65 (range:19.14 - …

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Handling Practices During Distribution Of Kinnow-Mandarins (Citrus Nobilis X Citrus Deliciosa) Used For Preparation Of Fresh-Squeezed Juices And Their Effects On Microbiological Safety, M. Ghosh, A. Ganguli, M. Kumar Apr 2025

Handling Practices During Distribution Of Kinnow-Mandarins (Citrus Nobilis X Citrus Deliciosa) Used For Preparation Of Fresh-Squeezed Juices And Their Effects On Microbiological Safety, M. Ghosh, A. Ganguli, M. Kumar

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The objective of this study was to assess the microbiological safety of Kinnow-mandarins (Citrus nobilis X Citrus deliciosa) used for preparation of fresh squeezed juices by street vendors. One hundred and fifty Kinnow mandarin samples were collected from different points in the distribution chain from the same lot, washed and aliquots of the wash samples were analyzed for total aerobes, Staphylococcus, total and fecal coliforms, Salmonella and Shigella. Although, there was no notable increase in the total aerobic, total or fecal coliform counts, total staphylococcal counts increased significantly (P<0.05) during distribution to street vendors; seventy-two samples from the street vendors showed the presence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus, twenty-three of these produced enterotoxins B and C. Salmonella and Shigella were not detected in any of the samples. Sources of high numbers of enterotoxigenic S. aureus were traced to unhygienic manual handling by middle level buyers and by street vendors. The results of our study demonstrate the poor microbiological quality of Kinnow-mandarins, the possible entry points of contaminants in the distribution chain of these fruits and unhygienic vending practices. Appropriate intervention measures are needed to ensure safe fresh squeezed juices for consumers.

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Effect Of The Nitrate Reductase Genes (Nia) On The Quality Of Different Lettuce Genotypes For Low Nitrate Content, K.N. Al-Redhaiman Apr 2025

Effect Of The Nitrate Reductase Genes (Nia) On The Quality Of Different Lettuce Genotypes For Low Nitrate Content, K.N. Al-Redhaiman

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Genotypic variation in nitrate concentrations of different lettuce genotypes belonging to four types (Butterhead, Cos/Romaine, Crisphead, and Stem lettuce) and its relationship to nitrate reductase genes (Nia) for low nitrate concentrations of leaves was investigated. The results showed that the Romaine genotype ' Lobjoit's Green' exhibited the lowest leaf nitrate concentration (4877.7 mg/kg dry weight). The highest nitrate levels were recorded in the Butterhead genotypes 'Augusta and Kennedy'. Nitrate concentrations in the roots were significantly higher in the Romaine genotype ' Little Gem' and the Butterhead genotypes 'Augusta and Merveille Des Quatre Saisons' than the other lettuce genotypes. Total N …

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Identification, Geographical Distribution And Hosts Of Subterranean Termites In The United Arab Emirates Arid Ecosystem, W. Kaakeh Apr 2025

Identification, Geographical Distribution And Hosts Of Subterranean Termites In The United Arab Emirates Arid Ecosystem, W. Kaakeh

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Six termite species, belonging to five genera and three families (Hodotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae) were identified in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Termite species recorded were the harvester termites Anacanthotermes ochraceus (Burmeister) and Anacanthotermes ubachi (Navas), the sand termite Psammotermes hypostoma (Desneux) and the small waxy termites Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri), Heterotermes aethiopicus (Sjostedt), and Microtermes najdensis (Harris). Except for a previous record of H. aethiopicus, the other five species were recorded for the first time in the UAE. All species were subterranean in habitat and reach wood sources through earthen gallery systems. Termites were available in areas with varied conditions …

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Life Cycle And Survival Of Hyalomma Dromedarii (Acari:Ixodidae) Under Laboratory Conditions, A.M. Alahmed, S.M. Kheir Apr 2025

Life Cycle And Survival Of Hyalomma Dromedarii (Acari:Ixodidae) Under Laboratory Conditions, A.M. Alahmed, S.M. Kheir

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The life cycle of Hyalomma dromedarii Koch (Acari:Ixodidae) on rabbits at 25 and 32ºC was compared at 85% R.H. At these temperatures, it behaved as a two-host tick and completed its life cycle in 108-146 and 80-115 days, respectively. The preoviposition, incubation and moulting periods varied significantly and were influenced by temperature. The survival periods of different developmental stages of Hyalomma dromedarii at 25ºC, 32, 38, 43, and 48ºC at 85% R.H. were investigated. The eggs, engorged nymphs and engorged females died at 38ºC, and the unfed larvae died at 43ºC. The longevity of the unfed adults decreased from 90-120 …

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Maximizing Toxicity Of Certain Insecticides Against Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst), A.H. Mansee, M.R. Montasser Apr 2025

Maximizing Toxicity Of Certain Insecticides Against Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst), A.H. Mansee, M.R. Montasser

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Effects of temperature and light exposure on the toxicity of deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and malathion against Tribolium castaneum were extensively studied using the residual film method. Results revealed that mortality increased proportionally with an increase in temperature, where the optimum temperature for the three tested insecticides was 30°C. Toxicity of the tested insecticides could be arranged in the following descending order: chlorpyrifos-methyl >deltamethrin >malathion. Moreover, light exposure obviously enhanced toxicity of the three investigated insecticides compared to dark exposure. Piperonyl butoxide (PB) acted as an oxidase inhibitor, when mixed with each of the three insecticides, increased the toxicity ratio by about …

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Effect Of Different Concentrations Of Growth Regulators On Gardenia Jasminoides Cv. Veitchii Micropropagation By Tissue Culture Technique, G. R. Abdullah, A.A. Al-Khateeb, M. Serage Apr 2025

Effect Of Different Concentrations Of Growth Regulators On Gardenia Jasminoides Cv. Veitchii Micropropagation By Tissue Culture Technique, G. R. Abdullah, A.A. Al-Khateeb, M. Serage

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Micropropagation techniques were set up for Gardenia jasminoides c.v. veitchi. Many plantlets were obtained by culturing shoot cuttings in MS nutrient media, 30 g/L Sucrose, 7 g/L Agar Agar, and different concentrations of BAP and IAA. The best concentration was 1mg /L BAP with 0.5 mg/L IAA. This concentration gave the best sprout growth suitable for rooting in primary and secondary culture by reculturing the stuck cutting every 6 weeks and for many times. We also obtained a high rooting percentage up to 98 % of natural rooting in rooting media different from propagation media by reducing mineral salt concentration …

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Effect Of Irrigation On Within-Grove Distribution Of Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorous Ferrugineus, Y. Aldryhim, S. Al-Bukiri Apr 2025

Effect Of Irrigation On Within-Grove Distribution Of Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorous Ferrugineus, Y. Aldryhim, S. Al-Bukiri

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorous ferrugineus (Oliv.) is the most important pest attacking date palm trees. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drip and flood irrigation on the within-grove distribution of RPW. The current study was started with the first appearance of the infestation to almost disappearance of the infestation. Results showed that more infested trees were detected in plots with flood irrigation. The number of infested trees in these plots represented 89% of the total infested trees. This study suggested that irrigation management and soil moisture are key factors in the dispersion of …

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Natural Attenuation Of Volatile Hydrocarbons In Unsaturated Soil Zone, P. Grathwohl, U. Maier Apr 2025

Natural Attenuation Of Volatile Hydrocarbons In Unsaturated Soil Zone, P. Grathwohl, U. Maier

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Scenario-specific numerical simulations were performed in order to assess the diffusive spreading of volatile fuel constituents and their biodegradation in the unsaturated soil zone. This is especially important in arid regions where the groundwater table is far below the surface and groundwater recharge is limited. The model results compare well with data from a controlled outdoor test with an emplaced source of kerosene. Modelling results illustrate that the overall biodegradation rates depend mainly on properties of the fuel constituents such as Henry’s Law constant, on the individual degradation rate constants, the soil water content and temperature. The contaminant transfer rates …

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Physical Processes Affecting Microbial Habitats And Activity In Unsaturated Porous Media, D. Or Apr 2025

Physical Processes Affecting Microbial Habitats And Activity In Unsaturated Porous Media, D. Or

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Recent advances in soil pore space visualization and geometrical characterization coupled with improved models for liquid and gaseous behaviour provide the impetus for examination of physical influences on microbial habitats and activity. Desaturation of a porous medium is accompanied by marked changes in liquid-vapour interfacial configurations, which result in confinement and fragmentation of aquatic habitats, alteration of liquid and gaseous diffusion pathways, and introduction of mechanical stresses exerted by films and receding menisci. At the pore scale, we examine relationships between liquid element size (at a given potential) and typical organism or colony size, in an attempt to explain physical …

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Landscape Salinisation And Management: An Australian Perspective, D. Hoey, M. Ahmed, M. Littleboy Apr 2025

Landscape Salinisation And Management: An Australian Perspective, D. Hoey, M. Ahmed, M. Littleboy

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Australian landscapes are facing an increasing salinisation threat. It is estimated that 2.5 million hectares are affected by land salinisation, and this area is expected to triple by 2050. Federal and State governments have jointly developed a policy framework to address this issue, with each state refining their own salinity management strategies within this framework. Scientific assessment and modelling underpin these salinity management strategies, though socio-economic considerations are also important. Landscape salinity assessment techniques used in the Australian context are outlined, and examples of salinity hazard and recharge mapping at the landscape scale described. Current developments in both recharge assessment, …

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Occurrence, Distribution And Properties Of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus, A.D. Zadjaii, A.R. Matrooshi, S.M. Moghal Apr 2025

Occurrence, Distribution And Properties Of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus, A.D. Zadjaii, A.R. Matrooshi, S.M. Moghal

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (AlflMV) was recorded on 21 hosts comprising of four field crops, 14 vegetables, one ornamental plant and two new weed species (Heliotropium europaeum and Ammi majus) belonging to nine families. The virus was identified and confirmed on the basis of its biological, serological (ELISA) and physical properties. The leaves, stem and crown from systemically infected alfalfa plant contained high concentration of the virus. It was nonpersistently transmitted by cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii). The wide host range, including virus reservoirs, seed-borne infection and insect transmission account for high incidence and distribution of AlfMV in the country. The virus …

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An Improved Diluent For Long-Term Liquid Storage Of Chicken Semen, D. K. Palmer, S.N.M. Ai-Maskari Apr 2025

An Improved Diluent For Long-Term Liquid Storage Of Chicken Semen, D. K. Palmer, S.N.M. Ai-Maskari

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

A prototype chicken semen diluent formulation has been developed based on the results of preliminary experiments. Preliminary experiments indicated the substitution of glutamate for the acetate and phosphate generally present in chicken semen diluents improved post-insemination fertility levels obtained from chicken semen following 24-96 hours of in vitro storage. Additional preliminary experiments indicated potassium could be substituted for the sodium generally contained in chicken semen diluents without affecting post-insemination fertility levels. The dual biological buffers, BES and BIS-TRIS, that replace the single biological buffer sometimes contained in chicken semen diluents have opposing effects on the diluent’s pH and permit adjustment …

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The Effects Of A Fungal Biocontrol Agent And A Chemical Adjuvant On The Efficacy Of Cuprous Oxide Sprays For Controlling Witches’ Broom Disease In Cocoa, J.R.M. Thacker, L.V. Laine, R.D. Mclean Apr 2025

The Effects Of A Fungal Biocontrol Agent And A Chemical Adjuvant On The Efficacy Of Cuprous Oxide Sprays For Controlling Witches’ Broom Disease In Cocoa, J.R.M. Thacker, L.V. Laine, R.D. Mclean

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

A Field experiment was carried out in a cocoa plantation in Brazil to evaluate whether a fungal biocontrol agent (Trichoderma spp.) and a chemical adjuvant could enhance the efficacy of cuprous oxide sprays that are applied to control witches’ broom disease. The experimental design was comprised of 16 plots containing approximately 50 mature cocoa trees each. Each plot measured approximately 1000 m2. Treatments were allocated to plots randomly. Treatments were: control (no spray), cuprous oxide, cuprous oxide plus adjuvant, and cuprous oxide plus adjuvant plus fungus. Sprays were applied monthly from April to September in line with official recommendations for …

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Comparative Analysis Of Vertical And Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands For Eutrophication Mitigation", Ali M. Ahmed Apr 2025

Comparative Analysis Of Vertical And Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands For Eutrophication Mitigation", Ali M. Ahmed

Al-Bahir

Constructed wetlands (CWs) serve as a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for wastewater treatment, particularly in the removal of eutrophication-causing pollutants. This review focuses on the comparative performance of Vertical Flow (VF) and Horizontal Flow (HF) Subsurface Flow (SSF) systems, assessing their efficiency in removing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP). VF systems demonstrate superior pollutant removal, particularly for nitrogen, due to enhanced aeration and efficient oxygenation processes. In addition, their compact design reduces land area requirements, making them advantageous in space-limited applications. Conversely, HF systems are more effective at supporting nutrient …

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Viscoelasticity Of Oxidised Starch And Low Methoxy Pectin In The Presence Of Glucose Syrup, S. Kasapis Apr 2025

Viscoelasticity Of Oxidised Starch And Low Methoxy Pectin In The Presence Of Glucose Syrup, S. Kasapis

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The structural properties of mixtures with pectin, oxidised starch and glucose syrup were investigated using small deformation dynamic oscillation. The composition of the mixture, pH and temperature course of analysis were designed to imitate the development of confectionery products. In the absence of added calcium, preparations of low methoxy pectin with glucose syrup form viscous solutions, which remain crystal-free at subzero temperatures. Samples of oxidised starch and glucose syrup. on the other hand, exhibit solid-like behavior due to the crystalline nature of the amylose-like helices. Mixtures of the two polyssacharides with the co-solute show clearly the phase inversion from liquid …

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Temperature And Water Effects On The Viability Of Alginate-Formulated Oospores Of Pythrium Oligandrum, A. K. Al-Rawahi, J.G. Hancock Apr 2025

Temperature And Water Effects On The Viability Of Alginate-Formulated Oospores Of Pythrium Oligandrum, A. K. Al-Rawahi, J.G. Hancock

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The low germination rates of oospores hinder the use of Pythium oligandrum as a biocontrol agent of soilborne plant pathogens. To improve the reliability of oospore-inoculum of P. oligandrum for the biological control of root diseases, oospores were formulated in calcium alginate pellets (oospore-pellets). Oospore-pellets of five isolates of P. oligandrum stored at 4°C under dry conditions remained viable (more or equal than 99% germination for each time interval) over 12 months regardless of the culture medium used to produce the oospores. In contrast, oospore-pellets stored at 25°C under the same conditions maintained their viability for 3 months but declined …

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Steinernematids And Heterorhabditids As Biological Control Agents For Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus Oliv.), S. B. Hanounik Apr 2025

Steinernematids And Heterorhabditids As Biological Control Agents For Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus Oliv.), S. B. Hanounik

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Chemical insecticides have long, been considered as the primary method or insect control, but their use has been associated with suppression of non-target species, emergence of resistant strains, contamination of food crops and water. These concerns enhanced the enforcement of strict governmental regulations which limited the use of such chemicals and stimulated the search for alternative biological control methods. Entomopathogenic nematodes in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae received a considerable attention. These nematodes seek and rapidly kill a wide range of insects, including the red palm weevil. They are safe to plants and mammals, exempt from registration requirements, easy to …

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Management Of Diseases Induced By Soil- Borne Pathogens, Solarization And Biological Control, C. Alabouvette Apr 2025

Management Of Diseases Induced By Soil- Borne Pathogens, Solarization And Biological Control, C. Alabouvette

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Diseases induced by soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most difficult to control. Prophylactic methods aiming at preventing the introduction of pathogens in healthy soils have to be respected, because it is almost impossible to eradicate pathogens from an infested field soil. Even the drastic disinfestation techniques based on the application of biocide molecules such as methylbromide failed to eliminate the pathogens, but are harmful to man and the environment. Growers should prefer new, environment friendly techniques such as solarization and biological disinfestation of soils. These methods induce changes in the microbial balance, reducing the population density of the pathogens …

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Diseases Of The Date Palm: Present Status And Future Prospects, M. Djerbi Apr 2025

Diseases Of The Date Palm: Present Status And Future Prospects, M. Djerbi

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

While date palm is affected by many diseases, bayoud remains the most serious one. It is caused by a soil born pathogen, Fusarium oxyspurum f .sp. albedinis. It has affected practically all Moroccan palm groves as well as those of western and central Algerian sahara, where it has respectively killed more than 12 million in Morocco and three million in Algeria and has accelerated the desertification phenomenon. External and internal symptoms as well as identification methods of F.o. f. sp. albedinis by pathogenicity test, cultural characteristics, and vegetative compatibility were reviewed and discussed. Small distance contamination occurs by root contact …

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Farmer Water Costs And Related Performance In Irrigated Systems: Case Studies From The Sahel, W. R. Norman, M. F. Walter Apr 2025

Farmer Water Costs And Related Performance In Irrigated Systems: Case Studies From The Sahel, W. R. Norman, M. F. Walter

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

In the Republic of Niger, eight exemplary irrigation systems were studied. ranging from large, government- administered perimeters to small, privately-owned, manual-lift microsystems. The total cost to the thinner for water, the various components of that cost, and related farmer and system performance were evaluated and found to vary significantly among systems. Irrigation systems in which farmers incur the highest volumetric costs for water and which allow for greater direct farmer control over system water management tend to exhibit the highest performance characteristics.

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Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Biology Of The Arabian Abalone Haliotis Mariae Wood, 1828, J. Stirn, K. A. Ai-Hashmi Apr 2025

Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Biology Of The Arabian Abalone Haliotis Mariae Wood, 1828, J. Stirn, K. A. Ai-Hashmi

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The Arabian abalone occur in the Arabian Sea’s rocky coastal zone in association with conspicuous macrolgal communities in which it represents the dominant herbivorous component. Despite such ecological importance and although the commercial exploitation of abalone presents a considerable contribution to Omani fisheries, almost nothing is known about the biology of this species. This report presents results of research carried out in the field and with laboratory cultures, and draws general conclusions related also to the fisheries management of these possibly overexploited abalone populations, Cobort observations in the field and measured increments of cultured specimens showed a growth rate significantly …

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Animal Health In The Tropics, M.R. Jainudeen, A. R. Sheikh-Omar Apr 2025

Animal Health In The Tropics, M.R. Jainudeen, A. R. Sheikh-Omar

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Most developing countries in Africa and Asia are located in the tropics (23° north and south of the equator). The poor productivity of ruminants in these countries is mostly due to inadequate nutrition, infectious diseases, low rates of reproduction, poor genotype, high ambient temperatures and socioeconomic constraints. In addition to infectious diseases which have long since been eradicated or brought under control in developed countries, there are diseases unique to the tropical environment. In the past, the diagnosis of most diseases was based on serological tests. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a rapid method of identifying viral and bacterial infections, …

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Sheep And Goat Production In Hot Climates, L. Reynolds Apr 2025

Sheep And Goat Production In Hot Climates, L. Reynolds

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

This paper discusses the reasons for keeping small ruminants and investigates the areas in which technological improvements are likely to have most impact in increasing the output from sheep and goat enterprises in hot climates. The most important areas in which biological manipulation can raise productivity lie in the areas of improved nutrition and increased survival of young animals. Nutritional studies of animals receiving diets of natural tropical grazing and browse may not reflect the rations actually consumed due to the ability of animals to select high quality forage from what is on offer. One suggestion is made as to …

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Role Of Biotechnology In Animal Production Systems In Hot Climates, P. J. Hansen Apr 2025

Role Of Biotechnology In Animal Production Systems In Hot Climates, P. J. Hansen

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Developments in the biological sciences in the last three decades have revolutionized mankind's ability to manipulate the genetics, cell biology and physiology of biological organisms. These techniques, collectively termed biotechnology, create the opportunity for modifying domestic animals in ways that markedly increase the efficiency of production. Among the procedures being developed for animal production systems are marker-assisted selection of specific alleles of a gene that are associated with high production, production of transgenic animals , super ovulation and embryo transfer, in vitro fertilization, embryo sexing and cloning, production of large amounts of previously-rare proteins through use of genetically -engineered bacteria …

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Aqueous Extracts Of Zingiber Officinale Rhizomes And Hibiscus Sabdariffa Leaves Enhanced Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice's Hematological Parameters., Fatimah Aluko Abubakar, Raliat Abimbola Aladodo, Aremu Abubakar Apr 2025

Aqueous Extracts Of Zingiber Officinale Rhizomes And Hibiscus Sabdariffa Leaves Enhanced Plasmodium Berghei-Infected Mice's Hematological Parameters., Fatimah Aluko Abubakar, Raliat Abimbola Aladodo, Aremu Abubakar

Al-Bahir

Malaria remains a global health challenge, leading to severe hematological complications. Natural alternatives such as Zingiber officinale and Hibiscus sabdariffa, known for their antioxidant and bioactive properties, are being investigated for their therapeutic potential. This study examines the hematological benefits of Z. officinale and H. sabdariffa in mice infected with the common malaria research model, NK65 chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei. Forty-two albino mice, averaging 24.5 ± 1.23g, were randomly divided into six groups. Mice in group A were uninfected which served as the normal control group. Mice in groups B, C, D, E, and F were inoculated intraperitoneally with P. …

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