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Carbon Dioxide Fixation In Schistosoma Mansoni, Clint Earl Carter

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Adults of the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni were perfused from the hepatic portal system of CF1 female mice sixty to seventy days post infection. The worms were then incubated in Eagle’s minimal essential medium with glutamate and 0.03 mg/100 ml of nonlabelled aspartic acid. To this medium was added 10 μc of either NaH¹⁴0₃, glucose-UC¹⁴ or aspartate-4-C¹⁴. The worms were found to fix carbon from the NaH¹⁴0₃ and to incorporate the glucose and aspartate. The amount of activity recovered in five different chemical fractions after two hours incubation was determined …

Nutritional Relationship Between The Copepod Parasite Charopinus Dentatus (Wilson) (Lernaeopodidae) And The Skate Host, Raja Binoculata Girard, Donald W. Rigby

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Of 1,798 parasitic copepods, Charopinus dentatus (Wilson), collected from the skate host, Raja, binoculata Girard, 1,615 (89.87.) were obtained from the mucosa lining the mouth and pharynx. None were collected from the gill filaments. Host tissue damage was not seen grossly or microscopically around the attached parasite nor did the gut contents of female parasites give evidence microscopically or chemically that they are blood feeders. Green material from the gut of female parasites was made up of cell-like structures occurring singly and in clumps. Spectrophotometrically this material demonstrated spectral maxima (670, 410 'FM) similar to maxima of degradative products of …

The Effect Of Schistosoma Mansoni On Free Amino Acid Levels In Mice, Richard D. Tkachuck

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Free amino acid levels in the blood plasma of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, were measured at 3, 6, and 9 weeks post-infection with an automatic amino acid analyzer. Significant differences between experimental and control animals occurred at all three time periods. At 3 weeks, asparagine, alanine, citrulline, proline, methionine, and threonine levels all were lower in the infected animals. At 6 weeks, four differences were noted. Alpha-amino-n-butyric acid, ornithine, lysine, and histidine all had lower values in infected animals. At 9 weeks there were 12 differences. Tyrosine, phenylalanine, threonine, serine, proline, citrulline, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, and …

Studies Of Sodium-22 Distribution During Hypothermia In Rattus Rattus, David N. Danforth Jr.

Biology ETDs

The response of regional circulation to reduced body temperature was studied in the white laboratory rat Rattus rattus, using injected ²²Na as a tracer. Observations made on equilibration of plasma and tissue radiosodium, in normo- and hypothermic animals, provided evidence as to possible mechanisms responsible for transport of sodium at this interface. Evidence is also presented as to disposition of sodium in tissues during the first biological half-life.

Circulation to the peritoneal cavity is reduced to 50%, and to skin and bone approximately 10% and 25% of normothermic values respectively at body temperatures of 16-18 C. The appearance of …

Factors Influencing Population Growth Of Tribolium Brevicornis In The Laboratory, Amin Gulla

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To determine the effect of the factors of the environment (temperature, relative humidity, and food) on the population growth of Tribolium brevicornis, different levels of temperatures from 17.5°C - 37.5°C were used. Effect of these IeveIs of temperatures was tested upon both pre-embryonic and post-embryonic development. No hatching occurred at 17.5°C, but the threshold temperature (the minimum temperature for the development) was just before 17.5°C. The optimum temperature for the embryonic development was found to be between 32.5°C - 35°C.

With the use of the saturated salt solution according to Buxton (1931) and Buxton and Melanby (1934), certain humidity …

An Examination Of A Putative System For The In Vitro Synthesis Of Drosophila Tryptophan Pyrrolase, John P. Phillips

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A system, reported by Morrison (1964), for the in vitro synthesis of Drosophila tryptophan pyrrolase has been critically studied. This putative system is based on the addition of a Drosophila "RNA" extract to a Drosophila cell-free protein synthesizing system; the synthesized enzyme is then allowed to catalyze a specific reaction, the product of which is measured by direct adsorption.

The results of this study present a three-fold argument against the interpretation of synthesis of tryptophan pyrrolase in the Morrison in vitro system: (1) RNA from a null-allele, v^36f, stimulated the same tryptophan pyrrolase "activity" in the in vitro …

Aquatic Phycomycetes Of Lily Lake, Hugh Macmillan Rooney

Theses and Dissertations

Lily Lake, a subalpine lake in the Wasatch National Forest Tl5, R9E, S31, of the Uinta Mountain Region, Utah, is located about one-half mile west of Trial Lake at an elevation of 10,000 feet. This Lake, which is one of the acidic, cold, lentic bogs characteristic of this area, has been selected for a taxonomic and seasonal distribution study of acquatic phycomycetes. This study is a beginning to our knowledge of the role of the fungi in the hydrobiology of Lily Lake and will supply the first information on record of the water molds of this area. The study identifies …

The Ecology Of The Black-Bellied Tree Duck In Southern Texas, Eric George Bolen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The black-bellied tree duck (Dendracygna autumnalis) is one of eight tree ducks (whistling ducks) in the genus Dendracygna. This group shares enough characteristics--reticulated tarsus and symmetrical syrinx structure, among others--with the swans and geese to warrant a common subfamily, Anserinae of the waterfowl family Anatidae. DeIacour and Mayr (1945) make a tribal distinction, however, between the tree ducks (Dendracygnini) and the swans and geese (Anserini) based, in part, an differences in size, vertebrae number, and downy plumage. These same authors remark that the tree ducks are the least known of the waterfowl largely because there are no …

A Comparative Study Of The Parasite Of Certain Salientia From Pocahontas State Park, Virginia, Ronald Arthur Campbell

Master's Theses

Four species of salientia representing three selected habitats were collected from May 5th through October 4th, 1966 and examined for parasites. Of the 116 host specimens, 30 were Rana catesbeiana Shaw; 29 clamitans Latreille; 29 Bufo fowleri Hinckley; 28 Hyla versi­color (Le Conte). A total of 34 species of parasites was recovered: Protozoa, 10; Trematoda, 9 ; Cestoda, 2; Nematoda, 11; Acanthocephala, 1; and Acarina, 1.

Although a relatively small number of hosts was examined , the results generally agree with those found in more extensive investigations of similar type. The aquatic hosts, R. catesbeiana and R. clamitans, harbored the …

The Distribution Of Three Taxa Of Peromyscus In Central Washington, Gay Harold Engelsen

All Master's Theses

One aspect of the study was to define the present ranges of all types of Peromyscus in the study area; the other to determine the extent of interfertility of the groups.

A Review Of The Bounty System As A Method Of Controlling Undesirable Animal Populations In Houston County, Minnesota (1883-1965), Robert E. Munkel, Calvin R. Fremling

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The bounty system has been in effect for 82 years in Houston County, Minnesota. Over $170,000 in bounties have been paid during that time for wolves, foxes, rattlesnakes, pocket gophers, striped gophers, woodchucks, and crows. Over 7,000 rattlesnakes have been bountied in a single year. A family of semi-professional bounty hunters collected 2,511 rattlesnakes in one year. With the possible exception of wolves, the bounty system has had little apparent effect in controlling animal populations in Houston County. Habitat change has been primarily responsible for the decrease in numbers of wolves and for the rapid increase in numbers of red …

Mammalian Distribution Within Biotic Communities Of Northeastern Jewell County, Kansas, Kenneth W. Andersen, Eugene D. Fleharty

Fort Hays Studies Series

The purpose of this investigation was threefold. First, to obtain as complete a list as possible of mammals occuring in the area through collecting and observational procedures. Second, to determine their specific distribution within the study area, and third, to correlate and elucidate the relationships between their distribution and the major vegetational regions within the study area.

A Metabolic Study Of The Isolated Perfused Snake Liver, James E. Turner

Master's Theses

A metabolic study was made on the isolated, perfused liver of Natrix fasciata fasciata (Linnaeus, 1776). Uric acid production, perfusate protein levels, serum protein patterns, perfusate glucose levels, and bile production were evaluated in this study as criteria of liver function.

The perfused liver was found to produce uric acid up through the fourth hour of perfusion. No significant differences (between the perfusions) were found in uric acid production/ gm of liver tissue.

Perfusate protein and glucose levels were found to be of a fluctuating or cyclic nature. There was found to be an inverse relationship between these two levels: …

Interference Of Ultraviolet Inactivated Parainfluenza 3 And Echo 21 Viruses With The Active Viruses In Tissue Culture, William Ernest Steinmetz

Master's Theses

Experiments were conducted to investigate the possibility of the production of interference by ultraviolet inactivated (UVI) Parainfluenza 3 (Para 3) and Echo 21 viruses with active Para 3 and Echo 21 viruses in tissue culture (TC).

Four major experiments were conducted: the effect of UVI Para ~ on active Para 3 in rhesus monkey kidney cell (MKC) tissue culture; the effect of UVI Para 3 on active Para 3 in HEp-2 TC; the effect of UVI Para 3 on Echo 21 in MKC TC; and the effect of UV! Echo 21 on Echo 21 in MKC TC. The rates of …

Phospholipids Of Thiobacillus Thiooxidans, J. M. Shively, A. A. Benson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Cells and spent growth media from sulfur- and thiosulfate-grown cultures of Thiobacillus thiooxidans were analyzed. The phosphatides were examined by thinlayer chromatography, and the products of their hydrolysis by hydrochloric acid and methanolic potassium hydroxide were separated by paper chromatography. The phospholipids in both cells and spent growth media were identified as phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl N-monomethylethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, and diphosphatidyl glycerol. These comprised about 97% of the total lipid phosphorus. Lyso-phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylglycerol accounted for the remaining 3%. The percentage of the total lipid phosphorus accounted for by each phospholipid depended on the age of the culture.

Ontogeny And Anatomy Of The Flower Of Limnocharis Flava (Butomaceae), Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The flowers of Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch. are borne in an indeterminate umbel and each consists of three sepals, three yellow petals, and about 18 carpels surrounded by numerous stamens and staminodia. The androecium is centrifugally developed, and the last-formed members are staminodial; it is supplied by branching vascular systems. Carpels arise almost simultaneously, and a prominent residual floral apex remains. The carpels are partially conduplicately closed and are also primitive in possessing laminar placentation and in lacking differentiation of a style. The gynoecium is essentially apocarpous, but there are slight fusions of adjacent carpels near their ventral margins where …

Seasonal Thermal Acclimation In A Population Of Iguanid Lizards (Sceloporous O. Occidentalis, Baird And Girard, 1852), Charles Stetson Greene

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Within the few years following the publications of the first studies on reptilian thermoregulation (Mosauer, 1936; Attsatt, 1939; Cowles and Bogert, 1944; and Strelnidov, 1944) there has been an increasing number of investigations concerned with the mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon. Many studies have demonstrated that heliothermic lizards maintain a relatively constant body temperature during per- iods of diurnal and seasonal activity. Much of this regulation is dependent upon behavior. An extensive review of thermoregulation in both lizards and snakes has been compiled by St. Girons and St. Girona (1956).

The Effect Of Neurosecretions From The Cerebral Ganglia On Blood Glucose Levels In Lumbricus Terrestris, Joan Vanderpol Craig

Masters Theses

Introduction

The presence of neurosecretory cells in the suprapharyngeal ganglia of Lumbricus terrestris has been well established (B. and E. Scharrer, 1937). Since these cells may well be the only source of hormones in this organism (B. Scharrer, 1959), the question arises as to their role in the animal's regulation of metabolism The particular aspect of this problem investigated here concerns the effect of these neurosecretory substances on the blood glucose levels in L. terrestris.

Preliminary studies by this investigator on glucose levels in earthworms revealed that blood samples of approximately 15 microliters could be obtained from each animal and …

Studies Of Cesium-137 Metabolism By Blatta Orientalis In Various Thermal Environments, Tsin Fu Chuang

Biology ETDs

The effect of temperature on cesium-137 metabolism in the oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis, was studied. Adult and nymphal animals were fed cesium-137 to investigate the biological half-time, excretion rate, retention curve and distribution of the isotope among body tissues.

Metabolic rate studies at different temperatures showed an exponential relationship between oxygen consumption and temperature. The Q₁₀ was 2.56 for adults and 2.20 for nymphs in the 10 C – 35 C range.

Cesium-137 elimination rate increased as environmental temperature increased. The Q₁₀ for cesium-137 elimination was constant (1.2) over the 15 C – 35 C range and greatly …

Northern Geographic Limits Of Four Species Of Desert Rodents In The Rio Grande Valley., Antonio L. Gennaro

Biology ETDs

Pour species of desert rodents were studied 1n the Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico in an effort to detect the factor or factors excluding each one from areas north of their ranges. Their distributions were analyzed in relation to climate, vegetation, soil texture, and biotic competition.

The cactus mouse (Peromyscus eremicus) and rock pocket mouse (Perognathus intermedius} seem to be limited by temperature. Each is saxicolous and inhabits rocky outcrops as far north as certain isotherms for average annual maximal temperature, these being 71 F for£. eremicus and 69 F for~. intermedius. Occasionally the former inhabits nonrocky sites, but …

The Effects Of Estrogenic And Gonadotrophic Hormones On Normal Levels Of Some Blood Chemical Constituents In The Non-Breeding Female Mallard Duck, Wendell F. Hofman

Masters Theses

Introduction

In past years, a substantial amount of research has centered on the levels of certain blood chemical constituents in birds, particularly in chickens and pigeons. However, little has been recorded concerning the blood chemical constituents of the mallard duck, Anas platyrhynshos. Likewise, the effects of hormones on its blood chemistry, in conjunction with its reproductive system, have been almost totally unexplored. Therefore, this study, conducted from October 14, 1965, to March 3, 1966, had as its purpose the determination of normal quantitative levels of certain blood chemical constituents (the electrolytes--calcium, sodium, potassium; the proteins--albumin and globulin; and lipids) and …

Sexual Receptivity And Fertility Of Androgen Induced Persistent Estrous Rats, Norman Donald Diebel

Masters Theses

The effect of neonatally administered testosterone propionate (TP) on sexual receptivity and fertility was studied. Dosages of 25 μg and ten μg were used and were administered s.c. in peanut oil on the fifth day of life. Vaginal smears of the animals receiving 25 μg were begun at the age of 61 days and indicated that these animals exhibited modified estrous cycles. By 90 days of age, most of the animals in both dosage groups were in constant vaginal estrus. These prolonged periods of vaginal estrus were often interrupted only by mating.

At 97 days of age 40 females which …

Home Range Analysis Of The Montane Vole, Don Rogers Toews

All Master's Theses

This study on Microtus montanus was divided into three major sections: 1) An examination of nests, burrows, and runways, 2) A comparison of two methods of home range analysis--live trapping and radio-isotope tracing, and 3) A comparison of the home range of Microtus montanus with other species of Microtus as published in the literature.

Biosystematics And Life Histories Of The Peromyscus Guardia Group Of Mice And Peromyscus Eremicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae), Leonard R. Brand

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this project was to investigate the taxonomic relationship and the biology of Peromyscus eremicus, and the Peromyscus guardia group of mice from islands in the Gulf of California.

Hybridization experiments were conducted between P. eremicus and P. interparietalis ryckmani. They were interfertile and produced fertile hybrids. Peromyscus guardia did not breed in the laboratory.

Body and skull measurements for P. eremicus, P. interparietalis ryckmani, and their F₁ hybrids were analyzed by computing the discriminant functions and plotting a canonical scattergram. Peromyscus interparietalis ryckmani is quite distinct from P. eremicus. The hybrids were larger than either parent …

Heat Exposure And 137-Cesium Distribution In Citellus Spilosoma, Noel Savignac

Biology ETDs

Radiocesium ( ¹³⁷Cs) is formed in high yield from nuclear fission and has a long physical half-life, 27 yr. These facts plus ready absorption by the gastrointestinal tract (Hamilton, 1947) make cesium one of the most dangerous fission products and as such has provided impetus for the study of ¹³⁷Cs metabolism from the standpoint of both physical characteristics and health physics. As a portion of these investigations, the effects of temperature changes, specifically elevated environmental temperatures, were studied with the intent of demonstrating physiological factors involved in ¹³⁷Cs uptake and retention by animals native to semiarid environments. …

Some Developmental Aspects Of The Bacula Of Lasiurus And Antrozous, Modesto Del Castillo

Biology ETDs

A means of aging Lasiurus cinereus by bacular measurement was sought. The study indicated that linear measurements of the baculum cannot be used as a means of aging.

A histological study of the development of the baculum of Antrozous pallidus was conducted. The animals used in the study ranged in age from two days to eight weeks. The study showed that the structure is not preformed in cartilage.

The Initiation Of Infection By Dna From Bacteriophage Lambda, Gerald D. Elseth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Deoxyribonucleic acid isolated from bacteriophage λ can infect Escherichia coli K12 in the presence of adsorbed helper phage (Kaiser and Hogness, 1960; Kaiser, 1962). The manner in which λ DNA enters the cell and the possible role of helper phage in the penetration process is still not clear. Kinetic studies conducted in this laboratory during the initial stages of infection by λ DNA demonstrate a requirement for helper function during the penetration of an infectious molecule. Further investigation into this problem is needed and was the major objective of this study.

Ecological Studies Of Blue Grama Grass (Bouteloua Gracilis), F. W. Albertson, D. A. Riegel, Gerald W. Tomanek

Fort Hays Studies Series

Blue grama grass (Bouteloua gracilis) was selected for detailed description here because of its wide distribution and importance throughout the Great Plains Region in the United States.

A Study Of The Vertical And Horizontal Migrations Of Euzonus (Thoracophelia) Mucronata (Treadwell) 1914, On Pacific Coast Beaches With Regard To Environmental Factors, Arthur Bright Eikenberry

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Historical. General descriptions of intertidal zonation have been published by many workers for almost all littoral areas, both marine and lacustrine (Doty, 1957; Glynn, 1965; Hedgpeth, 1957; Lewis, 1964; Pennak, 1951). The fact that animal species of the sandy shore are few in number eliminates many complex interspecific reactions, while great numbers of individuals make population studies feasible. In addition to certain general works (Dahl, 1952; Pirrie et al., 1932; Yonge, 1950) a number of papers have discussed causative factors or mechanisms for animal zonation.

Seasonal Tolerance Of Citellus Tridecemlineatus, Citellus Lateralis, And The Laboratory Rat To Deprivation Of Drinking Water, Gary L. Bintz

Biology ETDs

Season was investigated as a factor determining tolerance to deprivation of drinking water. Employing weight loss as a criterion, two hibernators, Citallus lateralis and C. tridecemlineatus, are more tolerant to water deprivation in any season than the laboratory rat, a non-hibernator. Both C. lateralis and C. tridecemlineatus are more tolerant to water deprivation and fall than in summer. In general, bold species demonstrate greater tolerance to water deprivation as ambient temperature decreases (in the range of 27 to 21 C ). Season appears to have no effect upon tolerance to water deprivation in the laboratory rat.

During periods of water …