Design And Optimization Of An Azeotropic Distillation Pilot Plant For The Production Of Pure Ethanol,
2024
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Design And Optimization Of An Azeotropic Distillation Pilot Plant For The Production Of Pure Ethanol, Samwel V. Manyele
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This study aimed to design an azeotropic distillation plant using Aspen Plus® V10 software and determine optimal process conditions for producing pure ethanol greater than 95% from pre-concentrated near-azeotropic ethanol-water solution. The non-random two-liquid Redlich-Kwong thermodynamic model was the base method for property analysis and performance prediction. Modelling and simulation of the converged process were conducted for fixed column variables (R = 5, N = 12 and p = 1 atm). Plant operating parameters were varied in the range of 0 to 1 for the pre-heater vapour fraction, 2 to 10 for the column feed plates (NFP), 2 to 6 …
Effect Of Zr And W Doping On Microstructures, Transition Temperature And Solar Transmittance Modulation Of Thermochromic W/Zr Co-Doped Vo2 Thin Films,
2024
Department of Natural Sciences, The State University of Zanzibar, P.O. Box 146, Zanzibar, Tanzania
Effect Of Zr And W Doping On Microstructures, Transition Temperature And Solar Transmittance Modulation Of Thermochromic W/Zr Co-Doped Vo2 Thin Films, Haji F. Haji
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Thermochromic W/Zr co-doped VO2-based thin films with different concentrations of Zr were successfully deposited on soda lime glass substrates by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering of V(99)W(01) alloy and Zr targets at a substrate temperature of 425 °C. The films were characterized by x–ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), two-point probe and UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy. The film’s structural properties evolution was significantly influenced by Zr concentration in the films. The transition temperature and hysteresis loop widths of the films were found to decrease with increasing Zr concentration. For the Zr concentrations of 0.21 at.%, 0.23 at.% …
Evaluation Of Cybersecurity In Remote Working Settings For Mobile Network Operators,
2024
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Evaluation Of Cybersecurity In Remote Working Settings For Mobile Network Operators, Victoria Mahabi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Cybersecurity has increasingly been a primary concern to people as technology advances and allows them to work remotely. This study thus evaluated the cybersecurity posture for organisations that have opted for remote working culture, whereas emerging cyber threats, practices to combat them, and appropriate guidelines for managing cyber threats were discussed. The study used a descriptive design with a quantitative approach from 118 information technology personnel working for Tanzania's three major mobile network operators (MNOs). SPSS analysed the collected data. The study revealed that predominant cyber-threats affecting MNOs in remote working include human errors, phishing attacks, malicious domains, denial of …
Sol-Gel Synthesis And Microstructure Characterization Of Nio-Tio2 Semiconductor,
2024
Department of Chemistry, Mkwawa University College of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 2513 Iringa, Tanzania
Sol-Gel Synthesis And Microstructure Characterization Of Nio-Tio2 Semiconductor, Godlisten N. Shao
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
NiO-TiO2 is a fascinating p-n semiconducting binary metal oxide with unique electronic and optical properties. The NiO-TiO2 has been synthesized using complicated preparation methods and expensive precursors that hamper their large-scale production. The present study reports the preparation of NiO-TiO2 semiconductor with improved physicochemical properties. NiO-TiO2 samples were prepared through one-pot sol-gel synthesis process followed by sintering of the as-synthesized materials at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000 °C. The role of thermal treatment and NiO content on the microstructures was exquisitely studied. The microstructure of the NiO-TiO2 samples was examined by Raman spectroscopy, XRD, XRF, SEM-EDAX, high resolution TEM, …
Sediment Characteristics And Hydrocarbon Composition Of Makukwa Seep In Southern Tanzania: Potential Implications For Subterranean Hydrocarbon Accumulation,
2024
University of Dar es salaam
Sediment Characteristics And Hydrocarbon Composition Of Makukwa Seep In Southern Tanzania: Potential Implications For Subterranean Hydrocarbon Accumulation, Makungu M. Madirisha
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Exploring the interplay between natural seeps and nearby sediment and hydrocarbon properties is key to unlocking subsurface hydrocarbon potential. This study presents findings on the hydrocarbon composition and sediment characteristics of the Makukwa seep in southern Tanzania, providing insight into subterranean hydrocarbon accumulation. Sediment analysis across areas A and B, located approximately 20 m apart, showed a decrease in porosity with depth, indicative of typical sandstone formations. Area A, near the seeps, exhibited porosity ranging from 23% to 36%, whereas Area B, further away, showed porosity ranging from 22% to 38%. This suggests that a lower cretaceous sandstone layer may …
Optimal Load Shedding During Service Restoration In Electrical Secondary Distribution Network Based On Reinforcement Learning,
2024
College of Informatics and Virtual Education, University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 490, Dodoma, Tanzania
Optimal Load Shedding During Service Restoration In Electrical Secondary Distribution Network Based On Reinforcement Learning, Rukia J. Mwifunyi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Increased stress in traditional power systems results in blackouts due to voltage instability attributed to a mismatch between available capacity and load demand, especially in distribution networks. Service restoration schemes are designed to return power supply to the affected parts of the networks. The availability of insufficient supply is a complex problem that requires operational experience or an automatic system. The stochastic nature of load demand significantly impacts service restoration as it results in increased restored demand in case a fault occurs during off-peak hours and helps reduce overload if the fault occurs during peak hours. The study adopts an …
Comparison Of Meteorological Drought Indices In Tanzania Using The Meteorological Drought Monitoring Software Package,
2024
Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Group, Department of Physics, University of Dar es Salaam, P. O. Box 35063, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Comparison Of Meteorological Drought Indices In Tanzania Using The Meteorological Drought Monitoring Software Package, Paul Ts Limbu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Low precipitation, substantial evaporation, and an unequal distribution of precipitation throughout the area are the characteristics of drought, a climatic abnormality. This study used the Meteorological Drought Monitoring (MDM) software and monthly rainfall data from the Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) to examine and compare the Deciles Index (DI), Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI), Percent of Normal Index (PNI), Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), Z-Score Index (ZSI), China-Z Index (CZI), and Modified China-Z Index (MCZI) for drought monitoring in Tanzania from 1988 to 2017. It was found that ZSI represented the dry years better than other indices, followed by DI, RAI, PNI, SPI, …
Study Of The Effects Of Thermal Aging Coupled With Shot-Peening Treatment Of Carbonitrided Din 1.6587 Low Alloy Steel On Retained Austenite And Residual Stresses,
2024
Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, School of Mines and Geosciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35052, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Study Of The Effects Of Thermal Aging Coupled With Shot-Peening Treatment Of Carbonitrided Din 1.6587 Low Alloy Steel On Retained Austenite And Residual Stresses, Richard J. Katemi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This work investigated the effects of thermal aging and shot-peening of carbonitrided 1.6587 steel grade on retained austenite and residual stresses. After carbonitriding samples contained maximum of 0.87% carbon, 0.34% nitrogen and 50 mass. -% retained austenite. Thermal aging conditions investigated were -30°C, 90°C and 150°C while the aging period were 14, 96 and 720 hours. After thermal aging, some of the samples were subjected to shot-peening treatment using standard cut wire shots StD – G3 - 0.6 mm VDFI 8001 with intensity in the range of 0.25 to 0.30 mmA and coverage of 1.00 to 1.24 x 98%. It …
Optimization Of Human Interactions In The College Campus Model Via Simio Integration,
2024
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Optimization Of Human Interactions In The College Campus Model Via Simio Integration, Benjamin E. Chaback
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
College campuses are a significant part of life in some cities. Many students each year attend university, pursuing additional knowledge from faculty members. Both staff and faculty members rely on these students to have successful jobs and to ensure the university functions. Yet recently, more and more students are attending, leading to overcrowding, lower admission rates, and difficulty getting into good programs. Previous work exists on qualitative student affairs and quantitative retention data, yet little on using simulations to model this problem. This work aimed to (a) Determine the ability to successfully model human interactions/people flow on a college campus, …
Cloud One Migration Schedule Drivers And Schedule Growth,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
Cloud One Migration Schedule Drivers And Schedule Growth, Ryan J. Jansen
Theses and Dissertations
Cloud One, chartered in 2017 under the guidance of Air Force Life Cycle Management Center (AFLCMC) leadership, continues to serve as the USAF’s leading cloud services and hosting platform by providing secure computing environments, application migration assistance, and data management. Prior research has yielded qualitative insights regarding Cloud One’s personnel requirements, application of technical performance, requirements fulfillment, security risks, and various other cost metrics, but schedule improvement recommendations based on the quantitative analysis of migration schedule data has yet to be provided. This research identifies trends within migration sprint schedules and completed schedule data for Cloud One’s completed application migrations. …
Root Cause Analysis For Troop Construction Schedule Delays And Cost Overruns,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
Root Cause Analysis For Troop Construction Schedule Delays And Cost Overruns, Richard H. Wilkens
Theses and Dissertations
Troop construction can be an effective tool when a project is simple enough to execute projects in a timely and cost effective manner. However, underlying variables plague these projects causing them to miss anticipated deadlines which in return could make them more costly. Significant variables that convey impact to cost and schedule are Equipment Operating Issues, Edits During Construction, Design Flaws, Lack of Communication, Poor User Coordination, Improper Documentation, Inaccurate Submittals, Low Quality Control, and Lack of Experience. Project engineers and project managers must provide effective continuity as well as improve their own competence and situational awareness to effectively mitigate …
An Analysis Of Usaf Policy Implementation For Building Information Modeling,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
An Analysis Of Usaf Policy Implementation For Building Information Modeling, Evan J. Ward
Theses and Dissertations
The development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) has strongly influenced the architecture, engineering, and construction communities as a path towards effective and efficient asset management. Although BIM is a standard practice in the private sector, the United States Air Force (USAF) does not mirror its civilian counterparts when it comes to BIM use. USAF BIM is limited in its use and does not extend beyond the design and construction phases of the construction life cycle. This research used a detailed querying process to analyze foundational policy documents and determine specific USAF building information requirements. After categorizing the list of requirements …
End-User Device Management In The Air And Space Forces,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
End-User Device Management In The Air And Space Forces, Joshua Bonvissuto
Theses and Dissertations
When achieving technical superiority is a matter a national security, it is critical that the Department of the Air Force (DAF) employs a robust Information Technology Asset Management (ITAM) strategy that maximizes mission effectiveness. Since 2022, the Office of the Chief Information Officer (SAF/CN) has been developing a plan to transform the Air Force’s ITAM strategy, primarily intending to centralize End User Device (EUD) procurement to the DAF level. For this study, a Delphi study was conducted to gather expert opinions on key aspects of SAF/CN’s new ITAM strategy to identify strengths, weaknesses, and implementation challenges. This research provides valuable …
3- And 6-Degree-Of-Freedom Investigation Of Aerobraking To Support Cislunar And Planetary Operations,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
3- And 6-Degree-Of-Freedom Investigation Of Aerobraking To Support Cislunar And Planetary Operations, Erica C. Higginbotham
Theses and Dissertations
The first aerobraking experiment occurred in 1991 as part of the Hiten spacecraft’s cislunar survey mission, while the first non-Earth aerobraking experiment occurred in 1993 as part of the Magellan spacecraft’s mission to Venus. Although making only two trans-atmospheric passes to reduce its apogee altitude, the success of Hiten’s experiment led to the implementation of aerobraking by Magellan, reducing its orbit from elliptical to nearly circular over a span of 70 Earth days by leveraging aerodynamic drag to reduce its orbital energy via transiting the upper region of Venus’ atmosphere. The Magellan experiment helped prove the viability of aerobraking for …
An Introduction Of Adaptive Training Aid Concepts And Its Application To Accelerated Training For Air Battle Managers,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
An Introduction Of Adaptive Training Aid Concepts And Its Application To Accelerated Training For Air Battle Managers, John C. Gillispie
Theses and Dissertations
Over the years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) to enable autonomous systems has undergone transformative shifts in the Department of Defense (DoD), revolutionizing capabilities and strategic approaches. To further optimize these advancements, varying levels of autonomy have been introduced across critical military applications, spanning intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), air battle management, and offensive/defensive air operations. As the technological landscape expands, so do the opportunities for autonomy to augment operations through human-agent teaming. Within the Air Force, one notably cognitively demanding role that stands to benefit from these strides is that of the Air Battle Manager (ABM). In support of …
Assessing Military Parking: A Deep Learning Approach To Evaluating Standards And Impacts,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
Assessing Military Parking: A Deep Learning Approach To Evaluating Standards And Impacts, Ryan D. Lalonde
Theses and Dissertations
Current United States Department of Defense (DoD) standards require a minimum amount of parking for each building. This requirement defines how much off-street parking to construct. However, the impact of these requirements remains unclear. This study builds upon the emerging field of overhead imagery analytics by directly tying it to parking on military installations. Specifically, this study leverages a pretrained deep learning car detection model, Car Detection – USA, developed by Esri for use within ArcGIS, and couples it with open-access temporal imagery sourced from Google Earth Pro to assess selected parking lots across Area B, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, …
A Framework For Dynamic Combat Support Exercises,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
A Framework For Dynamic Combat Support Exercises, Sean R. Mccarty
Theses and Dissertations
Future armed conflict will be characterized by the unknown as adversaries innovate and evolve—surprise is inevitable. Current exercises provide inadequate opportunities for combat support forces to develop improvisational skills. This research proposes an extensible framework for human-in-the-loop control of exercises using a graph network for modeling combined with topological analysis and the resource-constrained project scheduling problem. This framework is assessed using the United States Air Force Silver Flag exercise as a case study with promising results.
Rotorcraft Assisted Aircraft Inspection System: Creation And Component Assessment,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
Rotorcraft Assisted Aircraft Inspection System: Creation And Component Assessment, Adam J. Warren
Theses and Dissertations
Aircraft require frequent inspections to perform their missions safely. Current visual inspection methods are time-consuming and dangerous for inspection personnel, but they are necessary to spot flaws that could endanger the aircraft during flight. This research explores a set of methods for transforming a set of target inspection criteria into camera specifications that will allow a UAS aircraft inspection system to perform inspections on the top skin of an aircraft. Given the minimum distance for the UAS to fly above the aircraft, minimum flaw size to search for on the aircraft, minimum number of pixels to display that flaw size, …
Environmental Analysis Of Codfish Production And Consumption In Portugal,
2024
School for International Training
Environmental Analysis Of Codfish Production And Consumption In Portugal, Ayla Frost, Joana Almeida, Joana Dionisio, Radu Godina, Cátia Magro
Journal of Critical Global Issues
Codfish, a typical dish consumed frequently in Portugal, is fished in the cold Northern Atlantic waters far from the Portuguese coast. Thus, regional tensions and the environmental impacts of Portuguese codfish importation and production are significant current issues. The present study uses a life cycle assessment methodology to evaluate the array of environmental impacts of the production of 1 kg of codfish, following a cradle to gate approach. The life cycle inventory was grouped into catch and preprocessing, transit, and curing stages. The data collection of products and processes in each stage was based on scientific peer reviewed documents, technical …
A Neural Network Model For Monitoring And Forecasting The Process Of Storing Oilseeds,
2024
Tashkent State Technical University. Address: 2 Universitetskaya st., 100095, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan. E-mail: [email protected].
A Neural Network Model For Monitoring And Forecasting The Process Of Storing Oilseeds, N.A. Kabulov
Chemical Technology, Control and Management
The paper presents the results of research on the control, forecasting and management of the storage process of oilseeds. Vegetable oil production and energy consumption are two important factors of oilseed storage systems. The first ones should meet the needs of the population quantitatively and qualitatively. As a result, in order to properly control these two important aspects, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate microclimatic environment using a computational decision support system (DSS) that is able to adapt to changes in environmental characteristics. The multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN) was developed to simulate the temperature and relative humidity profiles …
