Industrial Technology Commons^™

Effect Of Palletized Box Offset On Compression Strength Of Unitized And Stacked Empty Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes, S. Paul Singh, Jay Singh, Koushik Saha

Industrial Technology and Packaging

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pallet type, tie-sheet and stack configuration on compression strength of a palletized load of boxes. Four boxes made from similar board grade and different dimensions were selected for this study. The column stack configuration which represented the control was compared with the 3 stack configurations either on a CHEP® or GMA pallet. The unitized load either had a tie-sheet in between layers or no tie-sheet between layers of boxes on the respective pallets, for compression strength comparison with the control unitized load represented by a column stack configuration. This …

Effect Of Horizontal Offset On Vertical Compression Strength Of Stacked Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes, Jay Singh, S. Paul Singh, Koushik Saha

Industrial Technology and Packaging

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of horizontal offset on the compression strength of stacked box configurations. Four different boxes of varying sizes and similar board combinations, made from similar flute but different manufacturers were studied. The single box compression strength for each type of box was determined to represent as the control for this study. The compression strength of control boxes were compared to overall strength of a three-high stack and in three different offset configurations. In addition a set of perfectly aligned boxes were compared to overall strength of a three-high stack and in …

A System Model For Green Manufacturing, Ahmed M. Deif

Industrial Technology and Packaging

Manufacturing systems evolution is afunction in multiple external and internal factors. With today’s global awareness of environmental risks as well as the pressing needs to compete through efficiency, manufacturing systems are evolving into a new paradigm. This paper presents a system model for the new green manufacturing paradigm. The model captures various planning activities to migrate from a less green into a greener and more eco-efficient manufacturing. The various planning stages are accompanied by the required control metrics as well as various green tools in an open mixed architecture. The system model is demonstrated by an industrial case study. The …

Partial Budgeting Analysis Of Conventional Pump Over Versus Pulsair Cap Management System For A Large–Scale California Winery, Zachary Thomas Hicks

Agribusiness

The purpose of this project was to evaluate the financial feasibility of implementing an automated gas injection system from Pulsair as an alternative to the traditional pump over cap mixing technique that is used during the alcoholic fermentation stage of winemaking.

There were various costs involved in this project that were determined and explained through the use of the partial budgeting method. The costs that were thoroughly analyzed included equipment, labor, utility, and initial investment costs for the Pulsair system as well as the related pump over operation costs. After the two methods associated numbers were evaluated, they were then …

Evaluation Of An Innovative System For Improving Readability Of Passive Uhf Rfid Tags Attached To Reusable Plastic Containers, Jay A. Singh, S. Roy, B. Roesner

Industrial Technology and Packaging

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a contactless identification technology that has proven to work well in conjunction with reusable plastic containers (RPCs). The impact of this technology on returnable containers has been explored by several past studies. This study evaluates an innovative system for improving readability of passive UHF RFID tags in conjunction with RPCs. The system involves an energy transfer device (ETD), which when attached to the RPCs, passively transfers radio frequency signals to interior regions of a unitized load thereby improving the readability of all RFID tags attached to the RPCs. This study included an evaluation of the …

Material Weight Station Optimization Senior Project, Douglas Peters, Michael Eng

Industrial Technology and Packaging

The main principle of all industry is that “time is money”. This senior project focuses on reducing operation times for Specialty Silicone Fabricators (SSFab) materials weighing station. Currently SSFab is set up so that multiple operators check the weights of materials. This is done to guarantee the accuracy of the readings and maintain tight quality control. This project will focus on eliminating the need of multiple weight checkers as a way to save time and ultimately save money.

Through detailed research and studies it has been determined that the most appropriate solution to this problem is a weight checking software …

Gauge Repeatability And Reproducibility Study For A Bulge Test Fixture For Corrugated Boxes, Anthony J. Hall

Industrial Technology and Packaging

This senior project evaluates the measurement variation within a corrugated container bulge tester by utilizing a gauge repeatability and reproducibility study. Bulge is a type of deformation containers experience when subject to compressive forces such as stacking or internal forces due to under- and over-packaging. Both compressive and internal forces can accelerate the failure of a container by causing panels to flex and flutes to buckle, compromising structural integrity. Additionally, variable environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity can magnify the effect bulge has on a container, speeding up the failure rate of a container.

The Fresh Express Lean Changeover Project, Mario Borbas

Industrial Technology and Packaging

In the current economic turmoil, industry leaders across the globe are resorting to means of increasing efficiency without having a large initial investment.  Lean manufacturing principles have been adopted by companies because of its ability to increase throughput, lower overhead, reduce waste, and increase the overall quality of products.  The value of lean manufacturing solutions has been increasing in the past decade and continues to increase into 2011.

This project is centered on a current situation regarding a changeover process that has recently been made more efficient. The goal is to create new ways to make this same process even …

An Exploratory Model For Predicting Post-Consumer Recycled Pet Content In Pet Sheets, Dong Ho Kang, Rafael Auras, Keith Vorst, Jay Singh

Industrial Technology and Packaging

An exploratory model for determining post-consumer recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) content in PET sheets for one specific stream of mechanically recycled PET (RPET) was developed. Six kinds of PET sheets with varying percent of virgin (V) and recycled (R) PET contents (i.e., 100V, 80V20R, 60V40R, 40V60R, 20V80R, and 100R PET) were commercially extruded. The optical, thermal, physicomechanical and barrier properties of the PET sheets were evaluated as function of RPET content. Differences were found between the sheets for UV and visible light absorption in the regions 200–350 nm and 670–700 nm, respectively. Intrinsic viscosities of 100V and 100R PET sheets …

Life Cycle Inventory Of Hdpe Bottle-Based Liquid Milk Packaging Systems, Jay Singh, Aric Krasowski, S. Paul Singh

Industrial Technology and Packaging

This study aims at providing a relatively straightforward methodology to serve as a decision-making tool when more than one packaging solution could be available to a user. It involves a life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis and comparison of three currently available 3.79 l (1 gallon) packaging systems for liquid milk. Two of the primary container types studied use reusable plastic crates (RPCs) for stacking and shipping,
while the third type is a heavier duty container that does not require secondary shipping containers. The three primary containers studied are identified as original, cube and stackable throughout this paper. The study shows …

A Multiple Performance Analysis Of Market-Capacity Integration Policies, Ahmed M. Deif, Hoda A. Elmaraghy

Industrial Technology and Packaging

A model that uses simulation augmented with Design of Experiments (DOE) is presented to analyse the performance of a Make-to-Order (MTO) reconfigurable manufacturing system with scalable capacity. Unlike the classical capacity scaling policies, the proposed hybrid capacity scaling policy is determined using multiple performance measures that reflect cost, internal stability and responsiveness. The impact of both tactical capacity and marketing policies and their interaction on the overall performance was analysed using DOE techniques and real case data. In addition to the different insights about the trade-offs involved in capacity planning decisions, the presented results challenged the conventional capacity planning wisdoms …

An Occupational Analysis Of Prepress In The Des Moines And Eastern Iowa Regions, Lee John Geisinger

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

It is important that educators use a relevant, up-to-date curriculum when educating on a specific occupation. Job task analysis is an effective way for educators to understand an occupation and provide students with valuable information. This study analyzed prepress technicians' duties and tasks.

This research used the occupational analysis method called the DACUM (Developing a Curriculum) process. The DACUM process uses an expert worker panel to identify the duties and tasks of an occupation. This study found that there are 9 duties and 55 tasks for a prepress technician. After identifying the duties and tasks, the study confirmed those duties …

Management Of Wind Power Generation With The Attachment Of Wind Tunnel, Ulan Dakeev

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

This study presents a new approach in which a wind tunnel apparatus is used to identify the efficiency of power output by a wind turbine with a 400W rating. Moreover, the study addresses a significant issue concerning the turbulence formed by a natural wind which can be eliminated or reduced with the use of the proposed wind tunnel. Wind power characteristics that indicate power output versus wind velocity are obtained by performing a number of case studies. The case studies include normal operation of the experimental wind turbine at variable wind velocity values with and without proposed wind tunnel. A …

Virtual Design Verification And Process Improvement Of Composite Sheet Material Products Using Intelligent Finite Element Analysis (Ifea), Sathyanarayanan Narasimhan

Dissertations

Engineering design decisions influence more than 70% of product costs. Various computational analysis tools such as Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are typically utilized, to achieve an effective design cycle. Literature review in design process indicates a striking reality that about 75% of design errors can be eliminated through analysis and about 20% of analyses are misrepresented, leading to inadequate or faulty design. Also, analyses in general, generate more information about the problem than is often looked into, leading to a vast potential to study the knowledge creation.

This research bridges these gaps in design process through efficient use of computer-based …

Quality Costing Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceptions In A Small Manufacturing Company, Adam M. Benner

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this research was to identify and assess employee knowledge, attitude, and perception of quality costing in a manufacturing company. The company selected for this research was a small manufacturer of agricultural processing equipment with an undeveloped quality management program. A quality costs questionnaire was discovered from a review of the literature and was slightly modified to gather data from a sample of company employees. The following information was collected from employees: knowledge of common quality costing terminology, attitude towards quality and non-quality concepts, and perception of departments associated with quality costs and the scale of quality costs …

A Dynamic Approach To Determine The Product Flow Nature In Apparel Supply Chain Network, Mohammed Marufuzzaman, Ahmed M. Deif

Industrial Technology and Packaging

This paper presents a novel metric, product flow number, to determine the product flow nature across the supply chain of apparel industries. The metric is based on mapping the dynamics of fluid flow across a pipe to product flow across a supply chain. Numerical analysis is conducted to examine the impact of the different metric parameters on the product flow. Results showed that smooth dynamics can be achieved through scaling production and extending delivery times, while undesirable dynamics are tied to complex product designs and increasing number of suppliers. Finally, the paper demonstrated how the new metric can be used …

Evaluation Of The Stress-Energy Methodology To Predict Transmitted Shock Through Expanded Foam Cushions, J. Singh, L. Ignatova, E. Olsen, P. Singh

Industrial Technology and Packaging

Mechanical stresses experienced by packages in the distribution environment include shock and vibration amongst several others. The destructive effects of these hazards can typically be restricted by using cushioning materials to help protect fragile goods during distribution. ASTM D1596 is the conventional standard used to determine shock absorbing performance of a cushioning material for a given combination of static loading, thickness, and drop height. This industry-accepted standard, however, requires significant amounts of transmitted shock data and can be expensive with respect to costs associated with testing and materials amongst others. Alternate stress-energy-based methodologies, developed in the past decade, recommending a …

Modelling And Analysis Of Dynamic Capacity Complexity In Multi-Stage Production, Ahmed M. Deif, Hoda A. Elmaraghy

Industrial Technology and Packaging

The uncertainty associated with managing dynamic capacity problem is the main source of its complexity. This article presents a system dynamics approach to model and analyse operational complexity of dynamic capacity in multi-stage production. The unique feature of this approach is that it captures the stochastic nature of three main sources of complexity associated with dynamic capacity. These are the demand, internal manufacturing delay and capacity scalability delay. The developed model was demonstrated by an industrial case study of multi-stage printed circuit board assembly line. The analysis of simulation experiments showed that ignoring complexity sources can lead to wrong decisions …

Effect Of Freeze-Thaw Cycling On The Compression Strength Of Folding Cartons Made From Different Materials, Koushik Saha, Bruce Harte, Gary Burgess, Sujeet Adudodla

Industrial Technology and Packaging

The quality of frozen food is known to deteriorate in storage due to water migration, in-pack desiccation and frost formation. These same factors can affect folding cartons. The rate of frozen food and folding carton deterioration is further dependent on temperature fluctuations during storage, transportation, loading and unloading. This study was conducted to compare the compression strength of folding cartons made from CNK (Coated Natural Kraft), SBS (Solid Bleached Sulfate), CRP (Coated recycled paperboard) and PCSBS (Poly coated Solid Bleach Sulfate) after subjecting them to multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Compression tests were performed on empty cartons and cartons filled with frozen …

Life Cycle Inventory Comparison Of Paper And Plastic Based Packaging Systems For Strawberry Distribution, Jay A. Singh, Aric Krasowski

Industrial Technology and Packaging

The goal of this study was to conduct a life Cycle Inventory (Lei) analysis based comparison of eleven primary container and pillow wrap combinations for the distribution of fresh strawberries Three of the primary containers studied were paper based (molded pulp, paperboard and corrugated fiberboard) and three other containers investigated were clamshells or punnets made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and recycled PET (rPET) Pillow wraps made of rPET and polylactlde (PLA) were also Included for all punnet/tray style containers The scope of the study ranged from the extraction of raw materials, their processing and formation for all packaging components, product …