Computer Engineering Commons^™

Rgb-D Saliency Object Detection Based On Cross-Refinement And Circular Attention, Qingqing Dong, Hao Wu, Wenhua Qian, Fengling Kong

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to solve the problems that the boundary of the saliency object detection area is vague, and the detection area is incomplete or inaccurate, an RGB-D saliency object detection method based on cross-refinement and circular attention is proposed. A cross-refinement module is designed at the stage of extracting features using encoders, which is used to supplement feature information of each other and improve the feature quality before fusion. It also suppresses the negative impact of poor-quality depth maps and addresses the issue that the edges of the saliency object are blurred. For the features after fusion, the circular …

Aircraft Assignment Method For Optimal Utilization Of Maintenance Intervals, Runxia Guo, Yifu Wang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The aircraft assignment problem is studied from a maintenance assurance perspective. In order to ensure its continuous airworthiness, civil aircraft are required to perform maintenance tasks, i. e., scheduled inspections, at specified intervals. The scheduled inspection interval is usually controlled by the number of flight cycles (FC), flight hours (FH), or flight days (FD), whichever comes first. In order to make balanced use of the inspection interval, an aircraft assignment model for a given fleet size is developed to optimize the maintenance interval utilization, and it is solved by a reinforcement learning algorithm to minimize the variance of the …

Virtual Navigation Path Planning Based On Octree Potential Field For Endonasal Endoscope, Wenjing Li, Yanlin Luo, Yuhui Wang, Li Zhu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Virtual navigation can intuitively display the internal structure of human tissue from multiple viewpoints. The navigation path planning algorithm is the key to achieving excellent navigation effects. The traditional centerline extraction algorithm can ensure a wide field of view during navigation, but the time efficiency is not high enough on the complex nasal-skull base volume model. To solve the problem, a rapid navigation path planning algorithm based on the octree potential field is proposed. The space outside the obstacles is modeled by an octree, and the octree potential field is constructed by calculating the potential of all the octree …

Training Simulation Scenario Generation Based On Particle Swarm Optimization, Jianxing Gong, Zimu Wang, Qilong Yang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The training effect in the training simulation scenario is not ideal. Therefore, in order to obtain the training simulation scenario with a better training effect, the training simulation scenario is optimized, and a training simulation scenario generation method based on the PSO algorithm is proposed. A fitness function is constructed based on the improved situation assessment method of the power field model, and the ability weight parameters are determined by combining the improved AHP with computer simulation software; by instantiating particles with the attributes of the combat platform, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved to solve the optimization …

Deceptive Path Planning In Fog Of War, Dejun Chen, Zihao Fang, Yunxiu Zeng, Kai Xu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Computer generated forces (CGFs) are virtual combat force objects created by computers and critical elements in the field of military simulation. Deceptive path planning is a basic method of deceptive behavior, which is important for improving the intelligence and competitiveness of CGFs. However, the current combination of deceptive behavior and military simulation is insufficient, and classical path planning methods cannot effectively take advantage of the partial observability of the battlefield and achieve better deceptive effects. To solve these problems, we propose four new deceptive path planning methods by re-defining a single circular fog road network based on road networks …

Formation Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm Based On Joint Virtual Sub-Target And Boundary Force, Man Wang, Dapeng Li, Lianghui Ding, Tianlin Zhu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In view of the formation control of leader-follower swarm and obstacle avoidance in artificial potential field method in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm formation system under complex environmental conditions, an obstacle avoidance algorithm for UAV swarm formation based on joint virtual sub-target and boundary force (JVBF) is proposed. The leader-follower method based on a virtual sub-target is used, and the modified force function is optimized to realize the formation control of the UAV swarm, so as to help the follower UAV to recover the formation quickly; the artificial potential field method based on boundary force is used for local …

Ai Is Here. Here’S How New Mexicans Can Prepare, Sonia Gipson Rankin, Melanie E. Moses

Faculty Scholarship

Last December we asked the AI chatbot ChatGPT to solve a programming assignment given to computer science students at UNM. It wrote some Python code, but it generated an error. We gave the chatbot the error message and were astounded by how good its response was.

Asset-Based Approaches To Multilingual Students’ Computer Science Identity Development, Sharin Rawhiya Jacob, Mark Warschauer

Journal of Computer Science Integration

While computer science identity development has been examined in several studies, there is much to learn about the development of multilingual students’ computer science (CS) identities. To develop strong CS identities, multilingual students must engage in culturally and linguistically sustaining curriculum, pedagogy, and interaction that draws from their rich and varied resources. This theoretical paper is grounded in a justice-centered, asset-based framework that views the traditions and practices in students’ cultures and communities as strong contributors to knowledge construction in STEM. We draw on multiple studies exploring multilingual student CS identity development to better understand how their personal, familial, community-based, …

Wind River Elementary Computer Science Collaborative: Connecting Computer Science And Indigenous Identities And Knowledges On The Wind River Reservation, Joseph P. Wilson, Kathryn M. Rich, Jared O'Leary, Veronica Miller

Journal of Computer Science Integration

Three Northern Arapaho and Eastern Shoshone–serving districts formed a researcher–practitioner partnership with the Wyoming Department of Education, the American Institutes for Research®, and BootUp Professional Development to advance the computer science (CS) education of their elementary students in ways that strengthen their Indigenous identities and knowledges. In this paper, we share experiences from 2019 to 2022 with our curriculum development, professional development (PD), and classroom implementation. The researcher–practitioner partnership developed student and teacher materials to support elementary CS lessons aligned to Wyoming’s CS standards and “Indian Education for All” social studies standards. Indigenous community members served as experts to codesign …

Laser-Direct-Drive Fusion Target Design With A High-Z Gradient-Density Pusher Shell, S. S. Hu, L. Ceurvorst, J. L. Peebles, A. Mao, P. Li, Yongfeng Lu, A. Shvydky, V. N. Goncharov, R. Epstein, K. A. Nichols, R. M. N. Goshadze, M. Ghosh, J. Hinz, V. V. Karasiev, S. Zhang, N. R. Shaffer, D. I. Mihaylov, J. Cappelletti, D. R. Harding, C. K. Li, E. M. Campbell, R. C. Shah, T. J. B. Collins, S. P. Regan, C. Deeney

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Laser-direct-drive fusion target designs with solid deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel, a high-Z gradient-density pusher shell (GDPS), and a Au-coated foam layer have been investigated through both 1D and 2D radiationhydrodynamic simulations. Compared with conventional low-Z ablators and DT-push-on-DT targets, these GDPS targets possess certain advantages of being instability-resistant implosions that can be high adiabat (α ≽ 8) and low hot-spot and pusher-shell convergence (CR_hs ≈22 and CR_PS ≈17), and have a low implosion velocity (v_imp < 3 × 10⁷ cm/s). Using symmetric drive with laser energies of 1.9 to 2.5 MJ, 1D LILAC simulations of these GDPS implosions can result …

A Novel Approach For Enhancing Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks Using Aco Algorithm, Sihem Goumiri, Maohamed Amine Riahla, M'Hamed Hamadouche

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) is an emergent technology that aims to offer innovative capacities. In the last decade, the use of these networks increased in various fields like military, science, and health due to their fast and inexpressive deployment and installation. However, the limited sensor battery lifetime poses many technical challenges and affects essential services like routing. This issue is a hot topic of search, many researchers have proposed various routing protocols aimed at reducing the energy consumption in WSNs. The focus of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of integrating ACO algorithm with routing protocols in WSNs. Moreover, …

Near Peer Pedagogies For Culturally Sustaining Computer Science And Mathematics, Cliff Freeman, Eli Tucker-Raymond, Juan Gutierrez

Journal of Computer Science Integration

In this study, College STEM Literacy Workers act as co-teachers in 9th and 10th grade classrooms alongside mathematics teachers as they both learn to integrate a 30-hour integrated computer science/mathematics curriculum. As part of the curriculum for educator learning, we adapted the Algebra Project’s “Model of Excellence” for culturally relevant-sustaining pedagogies. We used the framework to explore how teachers understand College STEM Literacy Workers’ contributions in the model as well as College STEM Literacy Workers’ own experiences in the classroom. We found that while teachers and College STEM Literacy Workers did not individually instantiate the model of excellence, they were …

Design And Development Of Clinical Decision Support System For Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Artificial Intelligence, Karthiga R

Theses and Dissertations

The prevalence of breast cancer in women worldwide is far higher than that of cancers of the lungs, brain, or liver. Increasing ageing populations and poor lifestyle habits among the general public, primarily in industrialized nations, are significant factors contributing to the rise in cancer-related mortality rates worldwide. Approximately one woman in every three will develop breast cancer. This research proposes several advanced computer methods for analyzing breast cancer images. This work analyses breast cancer in four imaging modalities: mammography, thermography, ultrasonography and histopathology.

Each modality has some limitations in diagnosing tumors in the breast region. Heavy dose in mammogram …

Aptamer-Based Proteomics Measuring Preoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Alterations Associated With Postoperative Delirium, Simon T. Dillon, Sarinnapha M. Vasunilashorn, Hasan H. Otu, Long Ngo, Tamara Fong, Xuesong Gu, Michele Cavallari, Alexandra Touroutoglou, Mouhsin Shafi, Sharon K. Inouye, Zhongcong Xie, Edward R. Marcantonio, Towia A. Libermann

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Delirium is a common postoperative complication among older patients with many adverse outcomes. Due to a lack of validated biomarkers, prediction and monitoring of delirium by biological testing is not currently feasible. Circulating proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may reflect biological processes causing delirium. Our goal was to discover and investigate candidate protein biomarkers in preoperative CSF that were associated with the development of postoperative delirium in older surgical patients. We employed a nested case–control study design coupled with high multiplex affinity proteomics analysis to measure 1305 proteins in preoperative CSF. Twenty-four matched delirium cases and non-delirium controls were selected …

A Social Profile-Based E-Learning Model, Xola Ntlangula

African Conference on Information Systems and Technology

Many High Education Institutions (HEIs) have migrated to blended or complete online learning to cater for less interruption with learning. As such, there is a growing demand for personalized e-learning to accommodate the diversity of students' needs. Personalization can be achieved using recommendation systems powered by artificial intelligence. Although using student data to personalize learning is not a new concept, collecting and identifying appropriate data is necessary to determine the best recommendations for students. By reviewing the existing data collection capabilities of the e-learning platforms deployed by public universities in South Africa, we were able to establish the readiness of …

Experiences Of African Women In Stem Careers: A Systematic Literature Review., Kaluwa Siwale, Gwamaka Mwalemba, Ulrike Rivett

African Conference on Information Systems and Technology

The discourse on women's underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) mainly centres on the global north, leaving a gap in understanding the perspectives of African women in STEM. To address this, a systematic literature review was conducted to explore African women's experiences in STEM careers and education. After applying inclusion and criteria, 18 published articles were analysed. 8 key issues emerge: work environment, education system, work-life balance, gender-based stereotypes, racial bias, sexual harassment, inadequate support/mentorship, and self-imposed limits. These themes intertwine, with some aspects influencing others. Grasping the complexities and interactions of these factors provides insights into challenges …

E-Wild Life Alert: Tackling The Human-Wildlife Conflict Problem, Eliel Kundai Zhuwankinyu, Sibonile Moyo, Catherine Chivasa, Smart Ncube

African Conference on Information Systems and Technology

Depletion of resources meant for both human and animal survival leads to competition for these. Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) occurs when these two parties compete for resources such as space, water, and food. If not properly managed, HWC can lead to loss of livelihoods and even loss of life. This paper discusses the design and development of an E-Wildlife Alert application that uses machine learning to detect dangerous animals. Using the Design Science Research method, a convolutional neural network is trained to build an artifact that detects five dangerous animals from an African context. The artifact is mounted on a robot …

A Customized Artificial Intelligence Based Career Choice Recommender System For A Rural University, Nosipho Carol Mavuso, Nobert Jere, Darelle Vangreunen

African Conference on Information Systems and Technology

Rapid technological developments have enabled users to be supported and guided in decision-making. An example of this is the ability of tertiary students to use technology to explore different career options and make informed decisions about their future. Notwithstanding the increasing use of technology in general, the technology for career guidance and personalized career recommendations in South Africa is still limited. There are some limiting factors such as the ever-looming challenge of limited access to technology, language barriers and cultural differences that are prevalent in rural areas. With this premise, this study collected quantitative data from students at an Eastern …

A Memory Contention Responsive Hash Join Algorithm Design And Implementation On Apache Asterixdb, Giulliano Silva Zanotti Siviero

Computer Science and Engineering Master's Theses

Efficient data management is crucial in complex computer systems, and Database Management Systems (DBMS) are indispensable for handling and processing large datasets. In DBMSs that concurrently execute multiple queries, adapting to varying workloads is desirable. Yet, predicting the fluctuating quantity and size of queries in such environments proves challenging. Over-allocating resources to a single query can impede the execution of future queries while under-allocating resources to a query expecting increased workload can lead to significant processing delays. Moreover, join operations place substantial demands on memory. This resource’s availability fluctuates as queries enter and exit the DBMS. The development of join …

Integrating Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Pentose Phosphate Pathway, And Fatty Acid Beta‑Oxidation Into A Single Computational Model, Sylwester M. Kloska, Krzysztof Pałczyński, Tomasz Marciniak, Tomasz Talaśka, Beata J. Wysocki, Paul H. Davis, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The metabolic network of a living cell is highly intricate and involves complex interactions between various pathways. In this study, we propose a computational model that integrates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), the fatty acids beta-oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) using queueing theory. The model utilizes literature data on metabolite concentrations and enzyme kinetic constants to calculate the probabilities of individual reactions occurring on a microscopic scale, which can be viewed as the reaction rates on a macroscopic scale. However, it should be noted that the model has some limitations, including not accounting for all the …