Data Storage Systems Commons^™

Numerical Modelling Of Particle Capture Efficiency And Fine Particles Sampling With Series Impaction Sizer, C-H Huang, Y-Y Chang

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Numerical modelling of particle capture efficiency and fine particles sampling are important for designing a series impaction sizer. This study generated liquid particles using an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle to examin the particle capture efficiency of the series impaction sizer. The aerosol number concentrations of the inlet and outlet of the series impaction sizer were measured by an aerodynamic particle sizer. Numerical analysis including the flow field of the impaction sizer was calculated by solving the Navier-Stokes equations in the cylindrical coordinate and the governing equations were discretized by means of the finite volume method. The particle equations of motion in …

One Dimensional Riverine Water Quality Modeling System (Hec-Ras/Nsm), Billy E. Johnson, Zhonglong Zhang

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The transport of nutrients from watersheds to aquatic resources (streams and rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and coastal zones) directly influences their environmental quality and ecosystem. While this is a natural process, excessive inputs from anthropogenic sources (e.g., intensive agriculture) can exceed the assimilative capacity and resilience of aquatic ecosystems. The result is accelerated rates of eutrophication and destabilized ecological communities susceptible to the establishment of invasive species or to changes in food web structure, loss of valuable habitat, threats to human health, and reduced economic and societal benefits. As part of the Ecosystem Management and Restoration Research Program (EMRRP), a …

‘Plain-View’ Earth System Simulation, Christian Neuwirth

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Hard-coded models of the earth system are typically perceived as ‘black boxes’, which are unserviceable by anyone other than those who developed the model. This constitutes a constraint to open innovation and cross-disciplinary model building. Likewise, the use of icon-based solutions is restricted by inappropriate performance on a larger spatial scale. This contribution, introduces a middleware program for the synchronization of icon-based software with GIS software. Parallel programming is used to boost simulation performance. In contrast to mainstream modeling environments such as SIMILE or NOVA, spatiotemporal modeling capabilities are supported by GIS interoperability. This enables interactive spatial analyses, access to …

Water Resources Decision Support Under Deep Uncertainty: A Classification Of Model-­Based Frameworks And Challenges For Scenario Discovery, J. Herman, P. Reed, H. Zeff, G. Characklis

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recent work in water systems planning has focused on exploratory “bottom-­up” decision support frameworks, which aim to identify robust solutions capable of withstanding deviations from the conditions for which they were designed. Here we organize these frameworks according to their methods of (1) alternative generation, (2) sampling of states of the world, (3) quantification of robustness measures, and (4) machine learning and sensitivity analysis methods to identify influential uncertainties. We demonstrate these methods using an urban water portfolio planning problem in North Carolina, a region whose water supply faces both climate and population pressures. The task of scenario sampling poses …

Pre-Processing Scada Data From Wind Turbines As A Previous Stage To The Application Of Prognosis Algorithms, Alejandro Blanco, Juan José Cárdenas, Isaac Justicia, Jordi Solé-Casals, Pere Marti-Puig

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Modern wind turbines in operation today record more than 200 analogous variables at intervals of 5 to 10 minutes by their SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system. The SCADA data often comprise temperature values from a variety of measurement positions in the turbine, pressure data, electrical quantities such as line currents and voltages or pitch-motor currents, tower vibration, etc. The Wind Turbine’s data pre-processing is a task that faces diverse difficulties. The main are the atypical values produced by a miss configuration of the SCADA, the information lost about the alarms states (activations/deactivations) and the information loss when the …

Time Series Analyst: Interactive Online Visualization Of Standards Based Environmental Time Series Data, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, Amber Spackman Jones, Maurier Ramírez, Juan Caraballo

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Visualization is a common need of many researchers, organizations, and projects that collect and use environmental sensor data. Web-based tools can provide screening-level visualization and data analysis functionality for users with a range of technical expertise. However, it is difficult to integrate data from multiple sources due to syntactic and semantic differences in data formats and different data delivery mechanisms that are not always interoperable. We developed an open-source time series visualization tool called the Time Series Analyst (TSA) that integrates data from multiple sources using web service interfaces and a standardized data encoding format. The TSA provides multiple types …

Number Of Patterns In Lempel-Ziv Algorithm Applied To Iterative Maps And Measured Time Series, G. Mimić, I. Arsenić, D. T. Mihailović

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Some tests with information measure based on Kolmogorov complexity, using Lempel-Ziv algorithm, were performed. Information measure, which indicates randomness, was applied on the modeled and measured time series. The logistic map iterations were used as the modeled time series and the measurements of velocity data from the turbulent flow collected in a laboratory channel, were used as the measured one. The complexity counter, indicating the number of distinct patterns in the time series, was computed. An analysis has shown that the number of patterns in the measured time series is increasing with the time series length, but having a saturation …

Desired Precision In Multi-Objective Optimization: Epsilon Archiving Or Rounding Objectives?, Masoud Asadzadeh

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Multi-objective optimization (MO) aids in supporting the decision making process in environmental engineering and design problems. One of the main goals of solving a MO problem is to archive a set of solutions that are well-distributed across a wide range of all the design objectives. To this end, some of the state-of-the-art MO algorithms use the epsilon dominance concept to define a mesh-grid with pre-defined grid-cell size (often called epsilon) in the objective space and archive at most one solution in each grid-cell. Moreover, epsilon archiving helps the MO algorithm control the number of archived solutions. This is particularly important …

Design Of Decision Support Tools For The Quality Assessment Of Illegal Dumping Notifications Based On Crowd-Sourced Data, Jan Brus, Jakub Vrkoč, Miroslav Kubásek

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Illegal dumping has become an increasingly significant environmental problem throughout the Czech Republic and also in Prague. The waste is disposed in areas such as vacant lots, along roadways, alleys, city and county parks, ravines, construction sites. The challenge for cities dealing with illegal dumping is that it is tough to identify when it will happen, where it will occur, and how much will be dumped. The paper is therefore focused on designing a decision support tool, which uses crowdsourcing data to cope with this problem as the management of illegal dumps can be built upon citizen reports via the …

Engaging Stakeholders In Assessing The Impact Of Agricultural Practice On Groundwater Quality: The Residence Time Distribution Model (Rtd), S. Binet, V. Essayan, A. Hertout, M. Dedewanou, H. Noel, Leo Berte, F. Bordeau

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Nowadays, the quantitative evaluation of the impact of agricultural practices on groundwater quality and the estimation of the underground residence time of contaminants can be achieved by solving the advection, dispersion, and reaction differential equations. However, the application of these models at the aquifer scale is always difficult because it requires a large amount of data to be consistent with field observations. Thus, in practice numerical modelling is mostly incompatible with the financial support of water managers and the time-frame imposed by the authorities for groundwater vulnerability assessments.

This note presents an operational approach to model contaminant migration from soil …

Modelling Flash Floods At Sub-Daily Time-Step: Comparison Of The Performances Of The Conceptual Swat Model And The Process-Oriented Marine Model, Laurie Boithias, Anneli Lenica, Hélène Roux, Kévin Larnier, Karim C. Abbaspour, Sabine Sauvage, José Miguel Sanchez-Perez

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Due to climate change, the frequency of intense rainfall events and consequent flash floods are expected to increase in the next decades across the Mediterranean coastal basins. To date, few spatially-explicit models are able to simulate flash floods with accurate details. The MARINE model is one of them: it is a process-oriented fully distributed model operating dynamically at the rainfall event time-scale. It includes infiltration and saturation excess processes along with subsurface, overland and channel flows. It does not describe ground-water processes as the model's purpose is to simulate individual flood events during which ground-water processes are considered negligible. The …

Web Based Analysis Of Hydrological Time Series In R Using Web Processing Services, Jiří Kadlec, Daniel P. Ames, Matthew Bayles, Martin Seul, Rick Hooper, Brian Cummings

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

An increasing quantity of observed and modeled hydrological time series data are becoming available through web based catalogs and data servers. The Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. (CUAHSI) Water Data Center makes much of this data available globally via its new http://data.cuahsi.org web portal. A computationally distributed system was needed to facilitate web based visualization and analysis of data discovered via this portal. This presentation will introduce the design and development of a web-based software framework including an application programmer interface and architecture to share time series analysis R scripts online. Using the CUAHSI data …

Integrated Spatio-Temporal Model Of Land-Use Change: A Focus On Mediterranean Agriculture Under Global Changes, Vahid Mojtahed, Carlo Giupponi, Fabio Eboli, Francesco Busello, Carlo Cararro

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Global climate and socio-economic changes determine the patterns of the allocation and trade of resources in all markets. Top-Down computable general equilibrium (CGE) models ignoring ecosystem constraints, look at the effects of global trends and generate trajectories of socio-economic indicators. Those models are commonly used to analyse the evolution of global economies, under the pressure of climate change drivers, but their approach impose substantial simplifications in terms of spatial aggregation and interactions between socio-economic and environmental variables. When considering adaptation of coupled socio-ecological systems to climate change, their inherent complexity and non-linearity and their spatial and temporal variabilities put the …

An Experimental Comparison Of Methods To Handle Missing Values In Environmental Datasets, A. D. Maldonado, P. A. Aguilera, A. Salmeron

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper reports on a comparison of different techniques to handle missing data in a real environmental dataset containing missing values. In particular, we handled a dataset related to a surface water quality index. The chosen techniques were regression imputation by linear regression, a model tree and a Bayesian network; multiple imputation by chained equations; and data augmentation by a Bayesian network. The models were tested by analyzing the predictive maps and by comparing the density function of the predicted variable with the observed one. The experimental results showed that the imputation by linear regression and the multiple imputation by …

Facilitating The Design Of Abm And The Code Generation To Promote Participatory Modelling, Peter Uhnak, Pierre Bommel

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Designing and implementing an ABM is a hard task that needs programming skills besides design skills. This is especially true when dealing with Participatory Modelling (PM) where the model should no longer appear as a black box. On the contrary, participants of a PM process should easily understand the relationship between the outputs of a simulation and the underlying conceptual model, and even contribute to modify it. For that purpose, we have developed an UML Class Diagram Editor that allows the participants to design the structure of their model. Then it generates the source code of the model that can …

Innovation For Consistent Integrated Modeling Across Scales, Bert Jagers

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In the context of environmental management policies and implementation plans, we are often faced by complex questions about the environment and human interaction. In order to be able to identify solution pathways forward, we need to understand the dynamics of the natural system as a whole and the human role therein. Our understanding of the system is reflected by the components of our numerical models: from highly specific detailed models to more integrated lumped models. We use models across a wide range of scales. Since policies and implementations interact across these scales and the expertise of relevant authorities involved varies …

On The Use Of Finite-Difference Model To Evaluate The Impact Of Underground Water Overexploitation, Hani A., Bougherira N., Djabri L., Chaffai H., Lallahem S.

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The potentiometric surface in the Annaba basin, which covers an area of 264 km², has declined significantly since 1995. A transient multilayer model has been developed to synthesise the hydrologic data. The groundwater flow was modelled using the finite difference method with a horizontal dimension of 500 x 500 m for the cells. The model consists of two layers, the first corresponding to the alluvial phreatic aquifer and the second to the deep confined aquifer, and is calibrated against the steady state groundwater heads recorded before 1996. Under steady-state conditions, the correspondence between simulated and observed water levels …

Design Of The Data Sensor Pre-Processing Stage For A Long Term Multi-Tracking Application, Pere Martí-Puig, Ramon Reig-Bolaño, Moisès Serra-Serra

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper presents a design strategy for an underwater computer vision data system and its pre-processing stage with the purpose of long-term fish behavior monitoring in a controlled environment. The biological experiment requires the continuous tracking of a group of fishes (of 10 to 20 specimens) in a prepared installation located in the Science Marine Laboratory in Mallorca. The experiment is thought to obtain empirical data to estimate biological energy models from specimen’s activity. In consequence it is required to identify and track each individual in the images, which supposes an important image processing effort. Our approach takes advantage from …

Decision Support System For Waste Management, Jiří Hřebíček, Jiří Kalina, Jana Soukopová, Jiří Valta, Jan Prášek

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The paper presents a prototype of the integrated decision support system DECWASTE developed to support decision making in waste management in the Czech Republic. It uses linked open data of eGovernment systems of the Czech Republic. It consists of six sub-modules: PARSER, which downloads the appropriate data from the eGovernment systems to its databases; PREVENT, which calculates the prevention impact on waste generation; FORECAST, which forecasts waste generation for a given time period using developed mathematical forecast models based on the DPSIR (Driving forces-Pressures-States-Impacts-Responses) framework including past time series of waste stream generation; TREATMENT, which forecasts waste treatment for the …

Individual Vs Collective In Public Policy Design, A Cooperation Example In The Marais Poitevin Region, Pierre-Yves Hardy, Véronique Souchère, Anne Dray, Maia David, Rodolphe Sabatier, Eric Kernéis

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The conciliation between different issues such as production activities, biodiversity conservation and water management remains unsolved in many places in the world. As a striking example, the wet grasslands of the Marais Poitevin region (France) present many obstacles against the integration of previous issues, especially in terms of public policy design. The socio-cultural situation in this region shows a high degree of political resistance and questions the relevancy of the current Agri-Environmental Schemes (AES) as an incentive for livestock farmers to adopt biodiversity friendly practices favoring the birds’ richness of the area. Yet, the current AES based on financial support …