Demystifying Research Paradigms: Navigating Ontology, Epistemology, And Axiology In Research,
Nova Southeastern University
Demystifying Research Paradigms: Navigating Ontology, Epistemology, And Axiology In Research, Lynette Pretorius
The Qualitative Report
A sound understanding of research paradigms is crucial for developing coherent and philosophically grounded research designs, particularly in the humanities and social sciences. This paper offers an accessible overview of the most common research paradigms: positivism, post-positivism, constructivism, social constructionism, interpretivism, pragmatism, and critical realism. These paradigms differ in their approaches to ontology (the nature of reality), epistemology (the nature of knowledge), and axiology (the role of values in research). The paper also discusses the methodological and ethical implications of these paradigms. Reflexivity and ethical responsibility are emphasised, where researchers must account for how their own biases and values influence …
The Possibility Of An Afterlife As Examined Through Near-Death Experiences,
Gettysburg College
The Possibility Of An Afterlife As Examined Through Near-Death Experiences, Anastasia Semenov
Student Publications
Approximately five percent of the world’s population has dealt with a near-death experience, which is the unusual phenomenon after temporarily dying or coming close to death, where people feel like they have left their body and see an afterlife. Millions of accounts from people around the world who have experienced this occurrence tell of seeing an afterlife, which should allow for the possibility of a life after death. Although peoples’ experiences in another realm differ, they all have similar features such as travelling in a fast tunnel and encountering loving light beings. These experiences are so intense that they form …
Syntax And Semantics Of Perceptual Representation,
City University of New York (CUNY)
Syntax And Semantics Of Perceptual Representation, James Quilty-Dunn
All Graduate Works by Year: Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation is a defense of perceptual pluralism, the thesis that perceptual systems deliver multiple types of representations including those used in thought. In particular, it argues that perceptual systems output iconic (i.e., image-like, analog) representations as well as discursive (i.e., language-like, digital) states. A central thesis is that perceptual representations of objects are propositional and composed of concepts. It also develops a compositional syntax of iconic representation called the coordination model, according to which icons are sets of primitive parts, each of which determines values along multiple analog feature dimensions simultaneously. The dissertation supports the conclusion that perceptual …
The Extinction And De-Extinction Of Species,
Linfield University
The Extinction And De-Extinction Of Species, Leonard Finkelman
Faculty Publications
In this paper, we discuss the following four alternative ways of understanding the outcomes of resurrection biology (also known as de-extinction). Implications of each of the ways are discussed with respect to concepts of species and extinction. (1) Replication: animals created by resurrection biology do not belong to the original species but are copies of it. The view is compatible with finality of extinction as well as with certain biological and ecological species concepts. (2) Re-creation: animals created are members of the original species but, despite their existence, the species remains extinct. The view is incompatible with all …
Animal Sentience And The Precautionary Principle,
WellBeing International
Animal Sentience And The Precautionary Principle, Jonathan Birch
Animal Sentience: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Animal Feeling
In debates about animal sentience, the precautionary principle is often invoked. The idea is that when the evidence of sentience is inconclusive, we should “give the animal the benefit of the doubt” or “err on the side of caution” in formulating animal protection legislation. Yet there remains confusion as to whether it is appropriate to apply the precautionary principle in this context, and, if so, what “applying the precautionary principle” means in practice regarding the burden of proof for animal sentience. Here I construct a version of the precautionary principle tailored to the question of animal sentience together with a …
Constellating Technology: Heidegger’S Die Gefahr/The Danger,
Fordham University
Constellating Technology: Heidegger’S Die Gefahr/The Danger, Babette Babich
Research Resources
Heidegger’s question concerning technology was originally posed in lectures to the Club of Bremen. This essay considers the totalizing role of technology in Heidegger’s day and our own, including a discussion of radio and calling for a greater integration of Heidegger’s thinking and critical theory. Today’s media context and the increasing ecological pressures of our time may provide a way to think, once again, the related notions of event [ Ereignis] and ownedness [ Eigentlichkeit ].
Transdisciplinarity: A Review Of Its Origins, Development, And Current Issues,
City University of New York (CUNY)
Transdisciplinarity: A Review Of Its Origins, Development, And Current Issues, Jay Bernstein
Publications and Research
Transdisciplinarity originated in a critique of the standard configuration of knowledge in disciplines in the curriculum, including moral and ethical concerns. Pronouncements about it were first voiced between the climax of government-supported science and higher education and the long retrenchment that began in the 1970s. Early work focused on questions of epistemology and the planning of future universities and educational programs. After a lull, transdisciplinarity re-emerged in the 1990s as an urgent issue relating to the solution of new, highly complex, global concerns, beginning with climate change and sustainability and extending into many areas concerning science, technology, social problems and …
From Cells To Cell Theory: What Would Kuhn Say?,
Providence College
From Cells To Cell Theory: What Would Kuhn Say?
Spring 2013, Kuhn's Philosophy of Science
Cells as we know them today were discovered in the 1600s by Robert Hooke. A couple hundred years later, scientists came to a final conclusion about how cells arose. The theory of spontaneous generation of life was abandoned in favor of cell theory, the idea that all cells come from preexisting cells. Louis Pasteur was an important thinker and experimentalist in this transition. Furthermore, the implications of this transition were far reaching and can even be seen today with the constant use of HeLa cells in scientific research. But what would Thomas Kuhn, philosopher of science, have to say about …
The Temporal Asymmetry Of Influence Is Not Statistical,
Chapman University
The Temporal Asymmetry Of Influence Is Not Statistical, Emily Adlam
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We argue that the temporal asymmetry of influence is not merely the result of thermodynamics: it is a consequence of the fact that modal structure of the universe must admit only processes which cannot give rise to contradictions. We appeal to the process matrix formalism developed in the field of quantum foundations to characterise processes which are compatible with local free will whilst ruling out contradictions, and argue that this gives rise to ‘consistent chaining’ requirements that explain the temporal asymmetry of influence. We compare this view to the perspectival account of causation advocated by Price and Ramsey.
What Is Transpersonal Psychology? A Concise Definition Based On 20 Years Of Research,
California Institute of Integral Studies
What Is Transpersonal Psychology? A Concise Definition Based On 20 Years Of Research
International Journal of Transpersonal Studies
Research on definitions of the field of psychology and themes in the literature of the field over a period of 20 years inform this description: Transpersonal psychology is a transformative psychology of the whole person embedded within a diverse, interconnected, and evolving world that pays particular attention to states of consciousness and developmental models reflecting expansion beyond conventional notions of self. Each element of this definition is examined, as well as the four phases of definitional development within the field from its founding in 1968 up to the present.
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