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商盤手批《杜工部集》考辨, Shao-Huang Zeng

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

商盤作為清代著名文學家，有手批《杜工部集》一種，見藏於湖北省圖書館。商盤手批杜詩以朱筆小楷細書，通本滿批，被視為該館重要的珍稀善本之一，向不為學界所瞭解。商盤手批杜詩的内容多係選録清初學者黃生《杜詩説》一書。商盤在選録過程中刻意做了相關“技術性”處理：或删内容以泯其痕跡，或添枝葉以增其繁雜,或拆批語以亂其整體，或移位置以混其視綫，從内容到形式進行改頭换面，頗具迷惑性。商盤手批《杜工部集》保存了黃生《杜詩説》的大部分評點内容，為整理黃生《杜詩説》提供了可資參考的校勘材料；商盤手批杜詩對黃生《杜詩説》的選擇性抄録從一個侧面體現了清初杜詩學的研究風尚，也反映出清代杜詩手批文獻辨偽的艱巨性和複雜性。

In the Qing Dynasty, Shang Pan manually annotated Tu Fu’s Poetry Anthology (杜工部集), which is now stored at Hubei Provincial Library, where it is regarded as one of the most important rare books. However, academia has thus far not paid enough attention to Shang Pan’s annotations. In the process of selecting from Tu fu’s anthology, Shang Pan deliberately made relevant technical changes, including deleting content or adding details to increase the complexity of the anthology. Shang Pan’s changes to the anthology encompass both content and form, which could be confusing for the readers. In fact, Shang Pan’s annotations and …

李兆洛對駢文的重構, Shuangwei Lu

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

雖然駢文之實到漢魏已備，但“駢文”之名直到清代纔出現。在嘉道以來駢散不分的文章思潮下，李兆洛通過理論批評及創作駢散合一的文章等，實現了對“駢體文”指向的重構，從而推動了清代駢文創作與理論的新變。他理論上輕視“齊梁體”，推崇“漢魏體”，以此推尊駢文；又在選本上將秦漢具有排偶色彩的文章收入駢體文選本，事實上擴大了駢體文的容量，建構了駢散不分的“漢魏體”駢文。這種駢文追求風骨遒勁，文質相符；多用四言單句，罕用四六隔對；語言清麗，隸事渾融，不重聲律等。這是晚清最受推崇的駢文體式，從而又實現了對清初工整的四六駢體的解構。理解李兆洛對駢文重構的過程和影響，對今天的駢文研究具有重要價值。

Although the format of parallel prose was already established in Han and Wei Dynasties, the official term did not appear until Qing Dynasty. Since the trend of combining parallel prose and prose essay during the reigns of Emperor Jiaqin and Emperor Daoguang, Li Zhaoluo reconstructed the meaning of parallel prose through theoretical criticism and creative writing, and in doing so, innovated both the theory and the writing of parallel prose, In terms of theory, he criticized the parallel prose of Qi-Liang Style and praised the Han-Wei Style. He further added writings with parallel style from Qin and Han dynasties …

The Relocation Of Supply Chains From China And The Impact On The Chinese Economy, Shaomin Li

Management Faculty Publications

The U.S.-China trade war has had a huge impact on the supply chains in China, accelerating their relocation that had already begun due to rising taxes, costs of labor, and other input factors. The exodus reported in the past year is only the tip of the iceberg, as more serious effects will not become apparent immediately. A major effect of the relocation on China is job losses, which may reach as many as 5 million in the coming years. Given the unlikeliness of a quick end to the trade war and the reluctance of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to …

叙事與抒情 : 《紅樓夢》詩學中的風格論, Li-Chuan Ou

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

《紅樓夢》乃説部第一之傑作，叙事宏大複雜而精妙入微，卻又是抒情傳统的絶佳繼承者，詩歌作為文人最主要的抒情載體,在其中發揮了説部前所未有的功能，包括其他小説所無的“起結構作用”，而有機地參與了叙事範疇，與人物塑造相互作用，堪稱叙事與抒情的絶妙匯融，更使之成為紅學的重要議題。於緊密結合叙事與抒情的《紅樓夢》中，曹雪芹幾近全面地提供了完整的詩學呈現，也包括了風格論述。透過中西風格學的視角，本文一方面從形式因的幾個方面入手，分析作品的詞藻、句子結構和句法、韻律的格式等現象；另一方面則從動力因的範疇，分析作品中所展現某種獨特的世界觀，亦即“人與世界的某種活生生的關係”，一種對社會生活世界的觀照或對生命存在的感知。據此可以進一步足成《紅樓夢》的完整詩學體系，並使《紅樓夢》的抒情性更形朗現。

Being a great masterpiece of classical novel, The Dream of the Red Chamber is celebrated in its grand, complex and finely-characterizing narrative. At the same time, the work also inherits and incorporates a great Chinese lyrical tradition. In the novel, poems (the main vehicle to express and communicate feelings for Chinese literati) play an unprecedented “structural role” and are organically incorporated in the narrative. The wonderful blend of narrative and lyrics is an important topic in Hongxue (The critics of The Dream of the Red Chamber). In The Dream of the Red Chamber, which closely combines narrative and poetic …

論馮秋雪在澳門詞學上之貢獻, Chon-Chit Tang

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

民國年間，澳門“雪社”包括“雪堂”詩社的馮秋雪，不僅創作了大量的詩詞作品，還在詞學的推廣和研究方面卓有建樹。秋雪在《詩聲一雪堂月刊》上編撰“莽蒼室詞譜”、“冰簃詞話”，又請人為宋詞製作西式樂譜。此外，他編著有《宋詞绪》一書，除選詞編集外，在詞譜考訂、詞的批評上亦多有己見。馮秋雪的詞學上承嶺南詞家陳洵，進而接通清代常州詞派的脈絡。對於秋雪詞學的探討不僅可以填補澳門民國詞學研究中的一個重要的空白，而且可為澳門與嶺南以至整個清代至民國詞學關係的尋繹，提供一個較有學術價值的例證。

During the Republican era, Feng Qiuxue of Macao Xue She (snow poetry society, which include Xue Tang, snow poetry institute) not only created large number of poems and ci, but also made outstanding achievement in promoting and researching cf studies. Qiuxue compiled “Mang Cang Shi Ci Pu” and “Bing Yi Ci Hua” in Voice Of Poetry--Xue Tang Monfhy and composed ci in Western style. Furthermore, he compiled Song Ci Xu (preface to ci of Song Dynasty), with unique views on the textual study of cipu and ci criticism. Feng Qiuxue’s ci study links the Lingnan ci writer Chen Xun …

Technology As Enabler Of Learner Autonomy And Authentic Learning In Chinese Language Acquisition: A Case Study In Higher Education, Mario Valdebenito, Yalin Chen

East Asian Languages & Cultures: Faculty Publications

Based on the Constructivist approach, meaningful learning only occurs when learners have agency to construct meaning through social interactions. The ability to self-direct, communicate, collaborate, and transfer learning to real-life situations are crucial skills for the 21st century. These skills allow new generations to adapt to this new information era in any field and/or disciplines they pursue; foreign language acquisition is not an exception. In this article, the authors argue that language learning can help learners cultivate such abilities with the aid of a holistic curriculum design and the effective use of technology. The authors also explore how using tools, …

“學詞”與“詞學” : 晚清民國的詞法論述與詞學演進, Zongjie Gong

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

伴随著晚清民國之際詞學體系建構的初步展開，研討學詞、總結作詞法也成為此時期詞學研究的焦點。從20世紀最初二十年指導“學詞”論著的不斷湧現，到三四十年代龍榆生、詹安泰對“詞學”與“學詞”的界分，這兩種對詞學不同層面的理解，恰好呈現出詞學在近現代轉型中實現其自身内部結構調整的路徑。有關“詞法”的討論從因襲前人發展為自我創獲，與此同時，詞學研究從以創作為主要導向，演變為創作和研究二分的態勢。對此稍作梳理，可以讓我們在文學創作與文學研究二者的互動關係上，更好地去把握晚清民國的詞體觀發展與詞學演進的軌跡。

As the system of ci theory in Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China developed, discussions on methods for ci writing became the focus of relevant studies in that period with a great many publicaitons on how to conduct ci writing. In the 1930s and 1940s, Long Yusheng and Zhan Antai discussed the differences between learning and studying ci and ci theories. The intertwined process of these two streams reveals the evolution and the modernization of ci studies. Clarifying the relationship of these two, will help us better understand the trajectory of the development of ci theories in …

Savvy Women And Boundary Negotiations In Qing Fiction, Jessica Moyer

East Asian Languages & Cultures: Faculty Publications

This paper examines a particular character type in Qing vernacular short stories: clever women who test the definition of feminine virtue by acting admirably outside normal gender boundaries. These female protagonists argue, meddle in men's business, divert property from the patriline, and even lose their chastity - yet each of them is presented as unquestionably virtuous. The rhetorical approaches by which their male authors present them in a positive light illuminate the strategies available to men and women for thinking creatively about gender in Qing China.

Alain Badiou's Inaesthetic Critique Of Poetry, Yushen Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The core of Badiou's concept of inaesthetics is to liberate art from philosophy and let it become an independent program of truth in contrast to philosophy. Among arts, poetry was once denounced by Plato, who thought it was an imitation of imitation and therefore unhelpful for the establishment of the Republic. Badiou, however, sets a high value on poetry from his inaesthetic perspective. From the poems of Stéphane Mallarmé, Paul Celan, and others, Badiou discovers a dialectical coexistence between poetry and mathematics. For him, modern poetry, as a form of thought, is able to verify itself. Being the task of …

The Value Of Fiction: The Aesthetic Politics Of Speculative Design And A Future Poetics, Li Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

As AI technology permeates the media society of today, futurology has become one of the most notable topics among various disciplines. In reference to Jacques Rancière's aesthetic politics, this article discusses how speculative design distributes the audience's sensibility by means of fiction and creates Dissenus with props, so that the vigorousness of future poetics can be maintained. As today's most critical cross-media practice, speculative design, based on the logic of "What-If," relies on props and their fictional aesthetics to deduce the side effects of emerging technologies. In this way, people can get away from the consumer-based logical script and turn …

"Sister Xianglin's Doubts": The Situation And Dilemma Of Soul In Luxun's Short Story "New Year Sacrifice", Hong Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The "world of Lu Town" in Lu Xun's"New Year Sacrifice"is a caricature of early twentieth-century Chinese society. It is a stable social structure centering on the charisma of Master Lu the Fourth, a member of the gentry in Lu Town. The narrator "I" and Sister Xianglin are marginal people, or "superfluous individuals" in the mainstream society. The encounter of the two discloses a serious dilemma. Sister Xianglin's doubts about the existence of soul and Hell are serious mental tortures that reflect the inner anxiety of the narrator "I" as a modern intellectual. Sister Xianglin and "I" are mirrors of each …

Deciphering The Myth Of "Liberating Actors' Nature": Reflections On An Idea Of Acting And The Import Of Western Teachers, Huizhu Sun

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

"Liberating actor's nature" sounds like from the West, yet not from Stanislavsky or any other mainstream acting teachers. It was coined by the Chinese who misread Western teachers. Westerners doing short-term acting workshops unwittingly contribute to this misconception. Because of the language barrier, they usually eschew scripts and focus on physical exercises. Those fragmented workshops are seen in China as representing mainstream Western actor training. "Be yourself", a western marketing cliché, is also mistaken as the core of acting. Actor training should cultivate actors' second nature, not let loose their original nature. Since the 1950s, Western theatre professors increasingly promote …

Mediocre Drama: Jean Baudrillard's Remark On Andy Warhol, Shuyuan Wan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Andy Warhol is Jean Baudrillard's favorite contemporary artist. In Baudrillard's opinion, Warhol was a great transitional figure who has opened a new chapter in the history of art by initiating the trend of commodity fetishism and laying foundations for artistic modernity. He dispelled abstractionism in contemporary art by promoting figurative expressions, established the ready-made style of art, and normalized aesthetic practice in a broader sense. While eliminating the differences between original works and duplications, Warhol also profoundly changed the thinking model and aesthetic trend of artistic creation. He was well versed in creating meaning from meaninglessness, discovering prominence from mediocrity, …

The Selection Of The Scholars In Chinese Textbooks And Homogenization In The Canonization Process During The Republic Of China Period, Hongbo Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Ancient novels such as The Scholars, The Travel Notes of Lao Can, and The Water Margin were frequently selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools during the Republic of China period. Because The Scholars was closely related to the Vernacular Movement and catered to the taste of young students, it came to be the most frequently selected novel, and its excerpt, "The Childhood of Wang Mian," became the most frequently selected story. During the Republican period, Chinese textbooks were arranged in accordance with the theme, language, and era of each work, and editors tended to select similar rather …

Jacques Rancière On Literarity, Haiting Zheng

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Jacques Rancière reconstructs the term "literarity" through the concept of "distribution of the sensible." By considering "literarity" as the joint of politics and literature, he defines the term as the availability of mute letters and the excess of words. The unbridled wandering of mute letters expands the space of literary expression and blurs the boundary of literature, which represents not only the democracy of literarity but also the paradox of democratic literarity. Literature suppresses the democracy of literarity by various means of self-cancellation. On the one hand, this mechanism transforms the paradox of democratic literarity into a productive contradiction of …

On The Factors To "The Extraordinary Out Of The Ordinary" In The Late Ming Dynasty, Gang Chen

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Teasing "the extraordinary out of the ordinary" is a prevailing aesthetic taste in the late Ming dynasty, initiated by Li Zhi in the intellectual field and proliferated into the creative writing of novels and plays. This research delineates the development of this ideal in the Late Ming dynasty, and explains the reasons for the ideal from three aspects: zeitgeist, partisan contestation and literary claims. It hopes to explore the cultural implications and values with reference to the historical context.

On The Poetic Method "Duotai Huangu": A Clarification Of Misunderstandings, Changhong Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Duotai huangu(lit. grabbing the embryo and changing the bones) is an important proposition in classical Chinese poetics. However, in the process of transmission, some recipients are haunted by misunderstandings about its conceptual expression, connotation, and poetic value. These misunderstandings are mainly manifested in five aspects. First, the essence of the method of duotai is "to imitate" rather than "to see through" the original poems. Second,duotaiis often erroneously referred to as "tuotai", the meaning of which is fundamentally different from that ofduotai. Third, duotai and huangu are two correlated poetic methods separated by the degree of innovation. The conflation of duotai …

The Early And High Tang Poets' Inheritance And Development Of The Traditions Of Yanzhi O RYuanqing, Qinghai Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Two main conceptualizations of the essence of poetry before the Tang dynasty are yanzhi, expressing aspirations, and yuanqing, conveying emotions. Tang poets inherited and developed both traditions, and their poetry reflected the conceptualizations in different ways during different periods. Although Tang Emperor Taizong wrote poems in the mode of expressing aspirations and ordered officials to follow suit, a majority of poets believed in the mode of conveying emotions. During the reigns of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian, the court considered conveying emotions as the aim of poetry, while Luo Binwang and Wang Bo followed both modes of yuanqing and …

The Paragon Of Literati, The Decorum Of Essays, And The Signature Of Civil Administration: Remarks On The Term "Three Prose Writers Of Our Qing Dynasty", Yingde Guo

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The term "three prose writers of our Qing dynasty" was popularized after the compilation and spreading of Song Luo's The Anthology of Three Prose Writers of Our Qing Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Kangxi. While this term was purely Song Luo's personal coinage, it was widely accepted by his contemporaries who considered Hou Fangyu, Wei Xi, and Wang Wan as the paragons of literati for their "civilian spirits", upright personality and responsibility for the country. Song's Anthology epitomizes the cultural origins and stylistic standards of classical prose, demonstrating literati's consciousness and efforts to define, mold, and exemplify the styles …

"The Pattern Of Dao": A Conceptual Study Of The Core Categories In Ancient Chinese Aesthetics, Mingdong Gu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Dao and wen are two core categories in Chinese aesthetic tradition. The mainstream description of the relationship between these two categories was that "wen is the vehicle for Dao". In the strict sense, this view was not an aesthetic thought per se, because it reduced wen to a tool and thus obscured the inherent aesthetic relationship between wen and Dao. Perhaps Liu Xie's under-researched idea of "the wen of Dao" (the pattern of Dao) provided a more persuasive description to this relationship. This article re-evaluates the significance of the discourse on wen as an aesthetic category from the perspectives of …