Psychology Commons^™

The Effect Of Levels Of Processing On Event-Related-Potentials, Warren Scott Merrifield

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The primary research question for this study was to determine if physiological correlates of encoding and retrieval could be observed across three levels of processing. It was hypothesized that physiological correlates of encoding and retrieval would be observed at electrode sites near Cz with the semantic processing condition yielding the most positive going event-related-potential, the phonological processing condition yielding an intermediate positive going event-related-potential, and the perceptual processing condition yielding the least positive going-event-related-potential. The experiment had a study phase and test phase. For the study phase, participants were encouraged to process the target word at one of three different …

A Multicomponent Intervention System Using Human Performance Technology Concepts To Improve Performance In Small Service Businesses, Doug Lafleur

Masters Theses

A small business servicing dealerships in the chimney lining industry was responsible for training and resupplying contractors in a propriety chimney lining system. A process was developed for sharing and comparing the dealerships' financial reports and business processes. The process involved a small group of dealers attending regular 6- month meetings called Impact Groups. Dealers took turns hosting the meetings and having the attending dealers analyze their business. A detailed list of problems and solutions was provided to each host business.

Prayer As A Treatment Modality In Patient Healthcare: Physicians' Spiritual Beliefs And Religious Practices And Their Relationship To Patient Health, D. Ronald Rickerhauser

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The intention of this study was to determine whether physicians' spiritual beliefs and the integration of prayer in medical practice are associated with patient health. In this study, 546 physicians from 40 different family practice residency programs in the contiguous United States completed and returned surveys. Regression analyses using these data and patient statistics provided by the clinics were performed. Patient's length of hospital stay and a ratio of clinic patients to hospital patients were used as dependent measures. The results did not show a relationship between physician beliefs, prayer, and patient health. However, there was a significant relationship between …

A Meta-Analytic Review Of The Effects Of High Stress On Eyewitness Memory, Kenneth A. Deffenbacher, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod, E. Kiernan Mcgorty

Psychology Faculty Publications

In the past 30 years researchers have examined the impact of heightened stress on the fidelity of eyewitness memory. Meta-analyses were conducted on 27 independent tests of the effects of heightened stress on eyewitness identification of the perpetrator or target person and separately on 36 tests of eyewitness recall of details associated with the crime. There was considerable support for the hypothesis that high levels of stress negatively impact both types of eyewitness memory. Meta-analytic Z-scores, whether unweighted or weighted by sample size, ranged from -5.40 to -6.44 (high stress condition–low stress condition). The overall effect sizes were -.31 for …

A Survey On The Use And Misuse Of Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) Stimulant Medication Among Louisiana State University Students, Devan R. Guidry

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Stress And Sudden Changes On Decision-Making As Moderated By Individual Differences In Sensation-Seeking, Nataria T. Joseph

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Easing The Inferential Leap In Competency Modeling: The Effects Of Task-Related Information And Subject Matter Expertise, Filip Lievens, Juan I. Sanchez, Wilfred De Corte

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Despite the rising popularity of the practice of competency modeling, research on competency modeling has lagged behind. This study begins to close this practice-science gap through 3 studies (1 lab study and 2 field studies), which employ generalizability analysis to shed light on (a) the quality of inferences made in competency modeling and (b) the effects of incorporating elements of traditional job analysis into competency modeling to raise the quality of competency inferences. Study 1 showed that competency modeling resulted in poor interrater reliability and poor between-job discriminant validity amongst inexperienced raters. In contrast, Study 2 suggested that the quality …

The Alive Center (A Local Information & Volunteer Exchange): An Evaluation Of The Year 2003-2004, Joel Kaunisto

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Volunteerism plays an important role in modern American society with benefits accruing to the community and individuals who volunteer. This thesis evaluated the first year of operation of the ALIVE Center (A Local Information and Volunteer Exchange) by addressing four objectives of the program with data obtained from the ALIVE Center. To meet its first objective, the ALIVE Center maintains a current database of local human service organizations. The second objective, to establish a resource center and provide referrals and information to 1,000 people, was achieved. The third objective of maintaining a website was also met. Matching over 200 volunteers …

Reinforcement Schedules Modulate Discriminative Stimulus Properties Of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine And Cocaine, Daniel Kueh

Masters Theses

Drug discrimination is a model used to assess the subjective effects of different psychoactive drugs such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and cocaine. However, results from MDMA discrimination studies across different laboratories have not been consistent. Possible confounds for this inconsistency may include the use of different reinforcement schedules such as the fixed-ratio 20 (FR20) and the variable interval 15 seconds (VI15 s) during discrimination training. Studies examining the effects of these two schedules on the discriminative stimulus properties of MDMA and cocaine have not been conducted. Thus, the present study compared the FR20 and the VI15 s schedules to determine their …

Intimate Partner Violence And The Justice System: An Examination Of The Interface, Carol E. Jordan

Office for Policy Studies on Violence Against Women Publications

Women entering the court system face a challenging experience, in part, because a courtroom can be an intimidating and difficult place for any person, and in part because women victimized by crimes in which the offender is known to them face distinctive difficulties when they seek the court’s remedies. The interface is also made more challenging for women as the literature offers disparate findings as to the efficacy of criminal justice responses and civil remedies. This article briefly explores the unique characteristics of intimate partner violence cases that influence the interface of these victims with the court system.Areviewis provided of …

Self Efficacy, Alcohol Expectancy And Problem-Solvingappraisal As Predictors Of Alcohol Use In College Students, Nancy Taylor, Michael Biscaro, Karen Broer

Nancy P. Taylor

This study updated that of Broer 1996 and re-examined self-efficacy, alcohol expectancy and problem-solving appraisal as predictors of alcohol use in undergraduate college students. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that alcohol expectancy of Global Positive Changes and gender were significant predictors for both number of drinks and binge episodes.

Relational Integration, Inhibition, And Analogical Reasoning In Older Adults, Robert Morrison

Robert Morrison

Stressful Life Events As Predictors Of Functioning: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Maria E. Pagano, Andrew E. Skodol, Robert L. Stout, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Donna S. Bender, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Mary C. Zanarini, John G. Gunderson

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective:  Although much attention has been given to the effects of adverse childhood experiences on the development of personality disorders (PDs), we know far less about how recent life events influence the ongoing course of functioning. We examined the extent to which PD subjects differ in rates of life events and the extent to which life events impact psychosocial functioning. Method:  A total of 633 subjects were drawn from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study (CLPS), a multi-site study of four personality disorders – schizotypal (STPD), borderline (BPD), avoidant (AVPD), obsessive-compulsive (OCPD) – and a comparison group of major depressive …

Book Review 1 The New Science Of Selling And Persuasion: How Smart Companies And Great Salespeople Sell By William T. Brooks, William C. Mcpeck

William C. McPeck

This is my personal review of The New Science of Selling and Persuasion: How Smart Companies and Great Salespeople Sell by William T. Brooks and published by Wiley in 2004.

Effects Of Pubertal Status And Timing On Externalizing Behavior Problems And Anxious/Depressed Symptoms In A Sample Of Adolescent Girls Of Color, Rona Carter

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Empirical research has shown that pubertal development is closely linked with adolescent externalizing (e.g., aggressive) and internalizing (e.g., anxiety) problems. In most studies, pubertal timing, pubertal status, or both, are used to examine this link. The present study adds to the existing literature by examining the link between puberty and adolescent behavior problems in a sample of predominantly urban African American adolescent girls. One hundred and seventeen adolescent girls of color, aged 11-18 (M = 14.72 SD = 1.44), and their primary caregiver participated in this study. Sixty-eight percent were African American, 22.2 % were Hispanic/Latina, and 9.4% were Haitian. …

The Therapeutic Effects Of Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-Iii Assessment Feedback, Andrea Allen, Andrea Allen Keener

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study was conducted to test the therapeutic effects of assessment feedback on rapport-building and self-enhancement variables (self-verification, self-discovery, self-esteem), as well as symptomatology. Assessment feedback was provided in the form of interpretive information based on the results of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory- III (MCMI-III). Participants (N = 89) were randomly assigned to three groups: a Feedback group, a Reflective-Counseling group, and a No-Feedback group. The Feedback group was provided with assessment feedback, the Reflective-Counseling group was asked to comment on the meaning of the taking the MCMI-III, the No- Feedback group received general information about the MCMI-III. Results …

Toward A National Research Agenda On Violence Against Women: Continuing The Dialogue On Research And Practice [Part One], Carol E. Jordan

Office for Policy Studies on Violence Against Women Publications

No abstract provided.

A First Step In Form-Based Category Abstraction By 12-Month-Old Infants, Rebecca L. Gómez, Laura Lakusta

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The present experiments investigate how young language learners begin to acquire form-based categories and the relationships between them. We investigated this question by exposing 12-month-olds to auditory structure of the form aX and bY (infants had to learn that a-elements grouped with Xs and not Ys). Infants were then tested on strings from their training language versus strings from the other language using a preferential-listening procedure. Importantly, the X and Y elements were new at test, requiring infants to generalize to novel pairings. We also manipulated the probability of encountering grammatical structures of the training language by mixing strings from …

National Collaborative Research On How Students Learn Integration: Final Report, Rodger K. Bufford, Randall Lehmann Sorenson, Kimberly R. Derflinger, Mark R. Mcminn

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

A relational attachment model of how students learn integration at Rosemead and Fuller was replicated with clinical psychology doctoral students at George Fox University and Wheaton College (Illinois). Struc- tural equation modeling of multitrait-multimethod matrices tested how well faculty members could recognize what students readily identify in professors as most useful to students’ integration, and Latent Semantic Anal- ysis interpreted what students found most important.

Effects Of Shift Work On Employee Retention: An Examination Of Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, And Stress-Based Explanations, Kristin Elizabeth Charles

Dissertations and Theses

Shift work is becoming increasingly prevalent in our society, with 17% of the full-time work force and 36% of the part-time work force working non-standard shifts (Beers, 2000). The goal of this study was to explore the relationships between several shift work variables and retention of employees working in a retail organization that is open 24-hours a day. Results indicated no significant differences between workers in fixed versus mixed shift schedules on job satisfaction or role stress. Contrary to my hypothesis, mixed shift workers reported higher levels of commitment and remained with the organization longer than fixed shift workers. As …

Victims' Perspectives Of Sexual Aggression In Intimate Relationships, Tiffani Kisler, F. Christopher

Tiffani S. Kisler

This poster was an Award Finalist for Marriage and Family Therapy.

Confirmation Of Correlation Between Brain Nerve Conduction Velocity And Intelligence Level In Normal Adults, T. Reed, Philip Vernon, Andrew Johnson

Andrew M. Johnson

In 1992, Reed and Jensen [Intelligence 16 (1992) 259–272] reported a positive correlation (.26; p=.002; .37 after correcting for restricted intelligence range) between a brain nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and intelligence level in 147 normal male students. In the first follow-up of their study, we report on a study using similar NCV methodologies, but testing both male and female students and using more extensive measures of cognitive abilities. One-hundred eighty-six males and 201 females, aged 18–25 years, were tested in three different NCV conditions and with nine cognitive tests, including Raven Progressive Matrices as used by Reed and Jensen. None …

Validity Of Das Perfectionism And Need For Approval In Relation To The Five-Factor Model Of Personality, David M. Dunkley, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

This study examined the validity of the perfectionism and need for approval scales of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS; Weissman & Beck, 1978) by locating these measures within a comprehensive framework of personality, provided by the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992), in a clinical sample (N ¼ 132). The results indicated that: (1) DAS perfectionism reflects the self-critical aspects of the broader perfectionism construct rather than the active achievement striving aspects; (2) DAS need for approval generally lacks an association with positive interpersonal traits and shares much in common with DAS perfectionism; and (3) with shared …

Associations In The Course Of Personality Disorders And Axis I Disorders Over Time, M. Tracie Shea, Robert L. Stout, Shirley Yen, Maria E. Pagano, Andrew E. Skodol, Leslie C. Morey, John G. Gunderson, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Donna S. Bender, Mary C. Zanarini

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

In this study, the authors examined time-varying associations between schizotypal (STPD), borderline (BPD), avoidant (AVPD), or obsessive-compulsive (OCPD) personality disorders and co-occurring Axis I disorders in 544 adult participants from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. The authors tested predictions of specific longitudinal associations derived from a model of crosscutting psychobiological dimensions (L. J. Siever & K. L. Davis, 1991) with participants with the relevant Axis I disorders. The authors assessed participants at baseline and at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up evaluations. BPD showed significant longitudinal associations with major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. AVPD was significantly associated with …

Event-Related Potential Evidence For Multiple Causes Of The Revelation Effect, P. Andrew Leynes, Joshua Landau, Jessica Walker, Richard J. Addante

Psychology Faculty Publications

Asking people to discover the identity of a recognition test probe immediately before making a recognition judgment increases the probability of an old judgment. To inform theories of this “revelation effect,” event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded for revealed and intact test items across two experiments. In Experiment 1, we used a revelation effect paradigm where half of the test probes were presented as anagrams (i.e., a related task) and the other items were presented intact. The pattern of ERP results from this experiment suggested that revealing an item decreases initial familiarity levels and caused the revealed items to elicit similar …

Each Sensory Nerve Arising From The Geniculate Ganglion Expresses A Unique Fingerprint Of Neurotrophin Receptor Genes, Albert I. Farbman, Nick Guagliardo, Suzanne I. Sollars, David L. Hill

Psychology Faculty Publications

Neurons in the geniculate ganglion, like those in other sensory ganglia, are dependent on neurotrophins for survival. Most geniculate ganglion neurons innervate taste buds in two regions of the tongue and two regions of the palate; the rest are cutaneous nerves to the skin of the ear. We investigated the expression of four neurotrophins, nerve growth factor (NGF), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT‐3), and NT‐4, and five neurotrophin receptors, trkA, trkB, trkC, p75, and truncated trkB (Trn‐B) in single sensory neurons of the adult rat geniculate ganglion associated with the five innervation fields. For fungiform papillae, a glass …

Effects Of Disability Disclosure And Acknowledgment On Ratings Of Interviewees With Visible Disabilities, Lisa Lynn Roberts

Dissertations

While some authors stress the benefits of disclosing one's disability prior to the interview in order to eliminate interviewer surprise, attention-related research suggests that such disclosure is likely to result in self-focused thinking by the interviewer, reducing the ability to judge performance accurately. Similarly, verbal acknowledgment of a visible disability during an interview has been predicted to reduce interviewer anxiety, yet some authors contend that acknowledgment is a violation of the rules of interviewing and adds to discomfort. The present research addressed the question: What are the effects of an applicant's pre-interview disability disclosure and disability acknowledgment during the interview? …

A Case Study In The Treatment Approaches And Outcomes Of Adjustment Disorder, Tobiellen Care

Theses and Dissertations

This case study evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of an adolescent female in a community agency. The client was diagnosed with adjustment disorder mixed with anxiety and depression. A psychosocial history of the client was presented emphasizing the psychosocial stressors that contributed to the adjustment disorder. A review of empirically supported treatment approaches for adjustment disorders was conducted. The Beck Depression inventory and the Trait Anxiety scale were used as outcome measures. Pre and post comparisons of both measures indicated clinically significant decreases in both anxiety and depression. However, further treatment was needed to extend the …

Resilience And Emotional Depletion As Predictors Of Dyadic Satisfaction Of Psychologists In Pennsylvania, Kevin R. Ganey

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Although psychologists have been practicing for nearly one hundred years, relatively little research has been conducted on the impact of the profession upon the psychologist's personal life. Historically, most studies have attempted to determine whether the practice of psychology leads to burnout or impairment rather than what helps a psychologist to function well. A growing body of research on self-care places an emphasis on the personhood of the clinician and his or her ability to function well in practice and personal life (Alterman, 1998). The purpose of this study is to add to the growing body of literature that addresses …

Tips, Volume 24, No. 3, 4 & 5, 2004/2005, Wolf P. Wolfensberger

Training Institute Publication Series (TIPS)

• Leprosy

• The Pests-Both Ancient and More Recent

• Slavery

• Nursing/Breast-feeding

• The Old Eugenics

• Trans-Shipping of Unwanted People: People Being Moved Against Their Will

• Vagrancy & Vagabondage: People Moving More-or-Less on Their Own

• The Penal System

• Service Organizations-Even Missions-No Longer in Existence

• Inspirational Models From the Past

• Some Interesting, and Largely Unknown, Historical Inheritances

• Terminology

• The Deaf

• Blindness

• Mental Retardation

• The Bad Old Institution Days

• Psychopostcard News

• Poetry & Songs

• Funny and Not So Funny Connections Between Physicians and Executioners

• Demon Rum …