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Articles 1 - 30 of 284
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
User Engagement And Usability Of Suicide Prevention Apps: Systematic Search In App Stores And Content Analysis., Chelsey Wilks, Carol Chu, Donggun Sim, Josh Lovell, Peter Gutierrez, Thomas Joiner, Ronald Kessler, Matthew Nock
User Engagement And Usability Of Suicide Prevention Apps: Systematic Search In App Stores And Content Analysis., Chelsey Wilks, Carol Chu, Donggun Sim, Josh Lovell, Peter Gutierrez, Thomas Joiner, Ronald Kessler, Matthew Nock
Psychology Faculty Works
Background: People with suicidal thoughts are more inclined to seek technology-delivered interventions than in-person forms of treatment, making mobile apps for suicide prevention an ideal platform for treatment delivery. This review examines apps designed for suicide prevention, with a specific focus on user engagement. Objective: This study aims to update the literature and broadly evaluate the landscape of mobile health apps for suicide prevention; examine apps with key features and primary approaches to suicide prevention; and systematically evaluate the engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information of the apps. Methods: All apps related to suicidal thoughts and behaviors were identified in the …
Development, Acceptability, And Feasibility Of A Digital Module For Coping With Covid-19 Distress: Pragmatic Retrospective Study, Monica Wu, Jocelyn Lau, Chelsey Wilks, Connie Chen, Anita Lungu
Development, Acceptability, And Feasibility Of A Digital Module For Coping With Covid-19 Distress: Pragmatic Retrospective Study, Monica Wu, Jocelyn Lau, Chelsey Wilks, Connie Chen, Anita Lungu
Psychology Faculty Works
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the measures to help contain it have taken a significant toll on mental health. Blended care psychotherapy combining provider-led care with digital tools can help alleviate this toll. This study describes the development of digital activities designed to teach cognitive-behavioral skills for coping with COVID-19 distress, and evaluates initial acceptability and feasibility data.Materials and Methods: Using a pragmatic retrospective cohort design, data from 664 U.S.-based individuals enrolled in blended care psychotherapy were analyzed. Descriptive analyses summarized acceptability for the digital activities. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted on a subsample (n = …
Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Online Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Support Community Members: Survey Study, B. Kaveladze, K. Chang, Jedidiah Siev, S. M. Schueller
Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Online Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Support Community Members: Survey Study, B. Kaveladze, K. Chang, Jedidiah Siev, S. M. Schueller
Psychology Faculty Works
Background: People with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have faced unique challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research from the first two months of the pandemic suggests that a small proportion of people with OCD experienced worsening in their OCD symptoms since the pandemic began, whereas the rest experienced either no change or an improvement in their symptoms. However, as society-level factors relating to the pandemic have evolved, the effects of the pandemic on people with OCD have likely changed as well, in complex and population-specific ways. Therefore, this study contributes to a growing body of knowledge on the impact of the COVID-19 …
Designing, Delivering And Evaluating Resilience Programs In Post-Secondary Institutions In Times Of Covid-19: Ten Key Considerations, T. Rashid, Jane Gillham, S. Leventhal, Z. Zarowsky, H. Ashraf
Designing, Delivering And Evaluating Resilience Programs In Post-Secondary Institutions In Times Of Covid-19: Ten Key Considerations, T. Rashid, Jane Gillham, S. Leventhal, Z. Zarowsky, H. Ashraf
Psychology Faculty Works
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread and unprecedented disruptions in how we work, socialize, play, access health care and attain education. In higher education, the impact of these changes will be felt unevenly. Students from marginalized, racialized, and culturally diverse backgrounds, mirroring the realities of society, will likely bear the brunt. To deal with these challenges, resilience is the key. However, the bulk of resilience interventions are Eurocentric and fail to capture young adults’ socio-cultural and economic realities, especially in post-secondary and higher educational settings. This chapter discusses key considerations in devising, implementing, and evaluating the effectiveness of resilience programs …
Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (Larcs) As Harm Reduction: A Qualitative Study Exploring Views Of Women With Histories Of Opioid Misuse, Stephani Stancil, Melissa Miller, Alex Duello, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Kathy Goggin, Rachel Winograd, Emily Hurley
Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (Larcs) As Harm Reduction: A Qualitative Study Exploring Views Of Women With Histories Of Opioid Misuse, Stephani Stancil, Melissa Miller, Alex Duello, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Kathy Goggin, Rachel Winograd, Emily Hurley
Psychology Faculty Works
BackgroundThe sharp rise in opioid use disorder (OUD) among women coupled with disproportionally high rates of unintended pregnancy have led to a four-fold increase in the number of pregnant women with OUD in the United States over the past decade. Supporting intentional family planning can have multiple health benefits and reduce harms related to OUD but requires a comprehensive understanding of women’s perspectives of preventing unintended pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and experiences as they relate to seeking contraception, particularly LARCs, among women with active or recovered opioid misuse.MethodsIn-depth interviews and focus …
Balancing Need And Risk, Supply And Demand: Developing A Tool To Prioritize Naloxone Distribution, Claire Wood, Lauren Green, Anna La Manna, Sarah Phillips, Kimberly Werner, Rachel Winograd
Balancing Need And Risk, Supply And Demand: Developing A Tool To Prioritize Naloxone Distribution, Claire Wood, Lauren Green, Anna La Manna, Sarah Phillips, Kimberly Werner, Rachel Winograd
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Background: Opioid overdose deaths continue to rise nationally. The demand for naloxone, the opioid overdose antidote, is outpacing the supply. With increasing naloxone requests, tools to prioritize distribution are critical to ensure available supplies will reach those at highest risk of overdose. Methods: We developed a standardized “Naloxone Request Form” (NRF) and corresponding weighted prioritization algorithm to serve as decisional aid to better enable grant staff to prioritize naloxone distribution in a data-driven manner. The algorithm computed raw priority scores for each agency, which were then separated into the predetermined quintiles. Historical naloxone distribution decisions were compared with agencies’ prioritization …
A Systematic Review Of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Mobile Apps For Content And Usability, Chelsey Wilks, Kyrill Gurtovenko, Kevin Rebmann, James Williamson, Josh Lovell, Akash Wasil
A Systematic Review Of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Mobile Apps For Content And Usability, Chelsey Wilks, Kyrill Gurtovenko, Kevin Rebmann, James Williamson, Josh Lovell, Akash Wasil
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BackgroundThe gap between treatment need and treatment availability is particularly wide for individuals seeking Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mobile apps based on DBT may be useful in increasing access to care and augmenting in-person DBT. This review examines DBT based apps, with a specific focus on content quality and usability.MethodsAll apps referring to DBT were identified in Google Play and iOS app stores and were systematically reviewed for app content and quality. The Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) was used to evaluate app usability and engagement.ResultsA total of 21 free to download apps were identified. The majority of apps …
The Negativity Bias, Revisited: Evidence From Neuroscience Measures And An Individual Differences Approach, Catherine Norris
The Negativity Bias, Revisited: Evidence From Neuroscience Measures And An Individual Differences Approach, Catherine Norris
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Past research has provided support for the existence of a negativity bias, the tendency for negativity to have a stronger impact than positivity. Theoretically, the negativity bias provides an evolutionary advantage, as it is more critical for survival to avoid a harmful stimulus than to pursue a potentially helpful one. The current paper reviews the theoretical grounding of the negativity bias in the Evaluative Space Model, and presents recent findings using a multilevel approach that further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the negativity bias and underscore the importance of the negativity bias for human functioning.
Smartphone Applications Targeting Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Gabrielle Ilagan, Evan Iliakis, Chelsey Wilks, Ipsit Vahia, Ipsit Vahia, Lois Choi-Kain, Lois Choi-Kain
Smartphone Applications Targeting Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Gabrielle Ilagan, Evan Iliakis, Chelsey Wilks, Ipsit Vahia, Ipsit Vahia, Lois Choi-Kain, Lois Choi-Kain
Psychology Faculty Works
Background: Smartphone applications could improve symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in a scalable and resource-efficient manner in the context limited access to specialized care. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of applications designed as treatment interventions for adults with symptoms such as anger, suicidality, or self-harm that commonly occur in BPD. Data sources: Search terms for BPD symptoms, smartphone applications, and treatment interventions were combined on PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO from database inception to December 2019. Study selection: Controlled and uncontrolled studies of smartphone interventions for adult participants with symptoms such as anger, suicidality, …
Attentional Bias And Training In Individuals With High Dental Anxiety, Jedidiah Siev, E. Behar, M. R. Fortune
Attentional Bias And Training In Individuals With High Dental Anxiety, Jedidiah Siev, E. Behar, M. R. Fortune
Psychology Faculty Works
Dental anxiety is common and associated with negative outcomes. According to information-processing models, anxiety is maintained by maladaptive patterns of processing threatening information. Furthermore, attention training interventions can reduce anxiety in one session. Fifty-three individuals with high levels of dental anxiety completed a Posner reaction-time task. Participants were randomized to attention training or control using a dot-probe task, and then attentional bias was remeasured using another Posner task. Participants then completed a script-driven imaginal exposure task. Results indicated that individuals high in dental anxiety exhibit threat-relevant attentional bias. There was mixed evidence about the efficacy of attention training. On the …
Why Now? Examining Antecedents For Substance Use Initiation Among African American Adolescents., Tamika Zapolski, Tianyi Yu, Gene Brody, Devin Banks, Allen Barton
Why Now? Examining Antecedents For Substance Use Initiation Among African American Adolescents., Tamika Zapolski, Tianyi Yu, Gene Brody, Devin Banks, Allen Barton
Psychology Faculty Works
Current adolescent substance use risk models have inadequately predicted use for African Americans, with limited knowledge on differential predictability as a function of developmental period. Among a sample of 500 African American youth (ages 11–21), four risk indices (i.e., social, attitudinal, intrapersonal, and racial discrimination) were examined in the prediction of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette initiation during early (ages 11–13), mid (ages 16–18) and late (ages 19–21) adolescence. Results showed that when developmental periods were combined, racial discrimination was the only index that predicted initiation for all three substances. However, when risk models were stratified based on developmental period, variation …
Social Media Responses To Self-Concept Threats, Tess Wild , '19, John C. Blanchar
Social Media Responses To Self-Concept Threats, Tess Wild , '19, John C. Blanchar
Psychology Faculty Works
Several studies demonstrate that individuals carry out observable behaviors in order to achieve positive self-concepts. These behaviors can be related to engagements with social media. Thus, two studies tested whether the sharing of self-relevant symbols on user-heavy social media platforms is an engagement used to achieve positive self-concepts. In these studies, participants viewed resumes (Study 1) or Linkedin profiles (Study 2) intended to threaten their self-definition and then considered their own accomplishments in comparison. They were then asked to rate and choose one article, either relevant or irrelevant to their self-definition, to hypothetically share on their own social media page …
Impact Of Status-Based Rejection Sensitivity On Depression And Anxiety Symptoms In Gay Men, J. Simowicz, Jedidiah Siev, P. M. Brochu
Impact Of Status-Based Rejection Sensitivity On Depression And Anxiety Symptoms In Gay Men, J. Simowicz, Jedidiah Siev, P. M. Brochu
Psychology Faculty Works
Status-based rejection sensitivity refers to the anxious expectation and tendency to perceive rejection in ambiguous social scenarios based on one’s minority identification. This study evaluates the implications of sensitivity to rejection based on sexual orientation identity on negative mental health outcomes. Current minority stress models include rejection sensitivity as a factor that may contribute to adverse negative psychosocial outcomes in LGBT persons. This study evaluates the role of rejection sensitivity alongside demographically relevant predictors such as age, race, education, and level of sexuality disclosure in predicting the presence of significant depression and anxiety scores among a sample of gay men. …
Qualitative Inquiry, Jeanne Marecek, E. Magnusson
Qualitative Inquiry, Jeanne Marecek, E. Magnusson
Psychology Faculty Works
Qualitative inquiry is a form of psychological research that seeks in-depth understanding of people and their social worlds. Qualitative researchers typically study the experiences of people as meaning-making agents, relying on verbal material. Qualitative inquiry has a long history in psychology, beginning in the 19th century with founders of psychology like William James and Wilhelm Wundt. However, for much of the 20th century, qualitative inquiry has occupied a marginal position in the discipline. This marginalization is best understood in relation to the discipline’s early struggle to be regarded as legitimate. Adopting the methods of the natural sciences—notably quantification and measurement—was …
Training To Reduce Emergency Responders’ Perceived Overdose Risk From Contact With Fentanyl: Early Evidence Of Success, Rachel Winograd, Sarah Phillips, Claire Wood, Lauren Green, Brandon Costerison, Jeremiah Goulka, Leo Beletsky
Training To Reduce Emergency Responders’ Perceived Overdose Risk From Contact With Fentanyl: Early Evidence Of Success, Rachel Winograd, Sarah Phillips, Claire Wood, Lauren Green, Brandon Costerison, Jeremiah Goulka, Leo Beletsky
Psychology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Examining Military Population And Trauma Type As Moderators Of Treatment Outcome For First-Line Psychotherapies For Ptsd: A Meta-Analysis, C. L. Straud, Jedidiah Siev, S. Messer, A. K. Zalta
Examining Military Population And Trauma Type As Moderators Of Treatment Outcome For First-Line Psychotherapies For Ptsd: A Meta-Analysis, C. L. Straud, Jedidiah Siev, S. Messer, A. K. Zalta
Psychology Faculty Works
There is conflicting evidence as to whether military populations (i.e., veteran and active-duty military service members) demonstrate a poorer response to psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to civilians. Existing research may be complicated by the fact that treatment outcomes differences could be due to the type of trauma exposure (e.g., combat) or population differences (e.g., military culture). This meta-analysis evaluated PTSD treatment outcomes as a function of trauma type (combat v. assault v. mixed) and population (military v. civilian). Unlike previous meta-analyses, we focused exclusively on manualized, first-line psychotherapies for PTSD as defined by expert treatment guidelines. Treatment …
Perceived Ability To Regulate Love, Kruti Surti, Sandra Langeslag
Perceived Ability To Regulate Love, Kruti Surti, Sandra Langeslag
Psychology Faculty Works
Research has shown that romantic love can be regulated. We investigated perceptions about love regulation, because these perceptions may impact mental health and influence love regulation application. Two-hundred eighty-six participants completed a series of items online via Qualtrics that assessed perceived ability to up- and down-regulate, exaggerate and suppress the expression of, and start and stop different love types. We also tested individual differences in perceived love regulation ability. Participants thought that they could up- but not down-regulate love in general and that they could up-regulate love in general more than down-regulate it. Participants thought that they could up-regulate infatuation …
Respuestas Al Afecto Positivo Y Ajuste Psicológico En La Adolescencia, D. Gomez-Baya, R. Mendoza, S. Paíno, Jane Gillham
Respuestas Al Afecto Positivo Y Ajuste Psicológico En La Adolescencia, D. Gomez-Baya, R. Mendoza, S. Paíno, Jane Gillham
Psychology Faculty Works
La investigación hasta la fecha ha prestado poca atención a la regulación del afecto positivo en la adolescencia. Nuestros objetivos fueron construir un cuestionario para evaluar las respuestas al afecto positivo en adolescentes y estudiar las relaciones que presentan con el ajuste psicológico. Una muestra de 1.810 adolescentes completó el cuestionario de respuestas al afecto positivo (con tres dimensiones: rumiación positiva centrada en la emoción, rumiación positiva centrada en uno mismo e inhibición) y tres autoinformes de ajuste psicológico (satisfacción vital, autoestima y síntomas depresivos). El cuestionario mostró buena fiabilidad por consistencia interna y la misma estructura factorial que estudios …
Social Context Modulates Tolerance For Pragmatic Violations In Binary But Not Graded Judgments, L. Sikos, M. Kim, Daniel J. Grodner
Social Context Modulates Tolerance For Pragmatic Violations In Binary But Not Graded Judgments, L. Sikos, M. Kim, Daniel J. Grodner
Psychology Faculty Works
A common method for investigating pragmatic processing and its development in children is to have participants make binary judgments of underinformative (UI) statements such as Some elephants are mammals. Rejection of such statements indicates that a (not-all) scalar implicature has been computed. Acceptance of UI statements is typically taken as evidence that the perceiver has not computed an implicature. Under this assumption, the results of binary judgment studies in children and adults suggest that computing an implicature may be cognitively costly. For instance, children under 7 years of age are systematically more likely to accept UI statements compared to adults. …
Automation-Induced Complacency Potential: Development And Validation Of A New Scale, Stephanie Merritt, Alicia Ako-Brew, William Bryant, Amy Staley, Michael Mckenna, Austin Leone, Lei Shirase
Automation-Induced Complacency Potential: Development And Validation Of A New Scale, Stephanie Merritt, Alicia Ako-Brew, William Bryant, Amy Staley, Michael Mckenna, Austin Leone, Lei Shirase
Psychology Faculty Works
Complacency, or sub-optimal monitoring of automation performance, has been cited as a contributing factor in numerous major transportation and medical incidents. Researchers are working to identify individual differences that correlate with complacency as one strategy for preventing complacency-related accidents. Automation-induced complacency potential is an individual difference reflecting a general tendency to be complacent across a wide variety of situations which is similar to, but distinct from trust. Accurately assessing complacency potential may improve our ability to predict and prevent complacency in safety-critical occupations. Much past research has employed an existing measure of complacency potential. However, in the 25 years since …
Dataset : Perceived Ability To Regulate Love, Kruti Surti, Sandra Langeslag
Dataset : Perceived Ability To Regulate Love, Kruti Surti, Sandra Langeslag
Psychology Faculty Works
Research has shown that romantic love can be regulated. We investigated perceptions about love regulation, because these perceptions may impact mental health and influence love regulation application. Two-hundred eighty-six participants completed a series of items online via Qualtrics that assessed perceived ability to up- and down-regulate, exaggerate and suppress the expression of, and start and stop different love types. We also tested individual differences in perceived love regulation ability. Participants thought that they could up- but not down-regulate love in general and that they could up-regulate love in general more than down-regulate it. Participants thought that they could up-regulate infatuation …
Abortion In Context, Jeanne Marecek
Abortion In Context, Jeanne Marecek
Psychology Faculty Works
Across the world, abortion is one of the commonest gynecological procedures and, properly carried out, one of the safest. However, some 25% of the world’s population lives in countries where legal statutes largely prohibit abortion, forcing women to seek clandestine abortions that often are unsafe. This chapter surveys legal, social, cultural, and political aspects of abortion, pointing to stark differences in women’s access to abortion in different locales and at various points in history. It also describes the wide range of methods that women have used to end an untenable pregnancy, including traditional methods such as botanical preparations and massage …
Long-Term Effects From A School-Based Trial Comparing Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Adolescent Skills Training To Group Counseling, J. F. Young, J. D. Jones, M. D. Sbrilli, J. S. Benas, C. N. Spiro, C. A. Haimm, R. Gallop, L. Mufson, Jane Gillham
Long-Term Effects From A School-Based Trial Comparing Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Adolescent Skills Training To Group Counseling, J. F. Young, J. D. Jones, M. D. Sbrilli, J. S. Benas, C. N. Spiro, C. A. Haimm, R. Gallop, L. Mufson, Jane Gillham
Psychology Faculty Works
Adolescence represents a vulnerable developmental period for depression and an opportune time for prevention efforts. In this study, 186 adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms (M age = 14.01, SD = 1.22; 66.7% female; 32.2% racial minority) were randomized to receive either Interpersonal Psychotherapy–Adolescent Skills Training (IPT-AST; n = 95) delivered by research clinicians or group counseling (GC; n = 91) delivered by school counselors. We previously reported the short-term outcomes of this school-based randomized controlled trial: IPT-AST youth experienced significantly greater improvements in depressive symptoms and overall functioning through 6-month follow-up. Here, we present the long-term outcomes through 24 months …
Toward A Relational Ethic, Kenneth J. Gergen
Toward A Relational Ethic, Kenneth J. Gergen
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We confront today two major but opposing movements in ethical posture, both with corrosive consequences. On the one side, global conditions lend themselves to an increasing commitment to fundamentalist beliefs in right and wrong. The outcome is increasing global conflict. At the same time, with increasing secularism there is a dwindling of ethical deliberation of any kind. The result is an erosion of moral order. It is against this backdrop that I explore the potentials of relational ethics. If we locate the origins of all claims to the good within relational process, it is essential to nurture, protect, and enhance …
Positive Education: Promoting Well-Being At School, D. Gomez-Baya, Jane Gillham
Positive Education: Promoting Well-Being At School, D. Gomez-Baya, Jane Gillham
Psychology Faculty Works
What is positive education, and are there different conceptual boundaries? Why does it arise now? What is its origin? What is positive education about? What does it contribute that has not already been done and how does it differ from other existing orientations and practices? Where are the interventions implemented and why in these scenarios? What characteristics do they meet? When are these interventions carried out, i.e. what are the stages of the life cycle for which they are most oriented, and why in them? Who are the people in charge of positive education, how are they organized, or what …
Repeated Neonatal Isoflurane Exposures In The Mouse Induce Apoptotic Degenerative Changes In The Brain And Relatively Mild Long-Term Behavioral Deficits, George Taylor, Susan Maloney, Carla Yuede, Catherine Creeley, Sasha Williams, Jacob Hufman, Kevin Noguchi, David Wozniak
Repeated Neonatal Isoflurane Exposures In The Mouse Induce Apoptotic Degenerative Changes In The Brain And Relatively Mild Long-Term Behavioral Deficits, George Taylor, Susan Maloney, Carla Yuede, Catherine Creeley, Sasha Williams, Jacob Hufman, Kevin Noguchi, David Wozniak
Psychology Faculty Works
Epidemiological studies suggest exposures to anesthetic agents and/or sedative drugs (AASDs) in children under three years old, or pregnant women during the third trimester, may adversely afect brain development. Evidence suggests lengthy or repeated AASD exposures are associated with increased risk of neurobehavioral defcits. Animal models have been valuable in determining the type of acute damage in the developing brain induced by AASD exposures, as well as in elucidating long-term functional consequences. Few studies examining very early exposure to AASDs suggest this may be a critical period for inducing long-term functional consequences, but the impact of repeated exposures at these …
Do Explicit Estimates Of Angular Declination Become Ungrounded In The Presence Of A Ground Plane?, Umi I. Keezing , '19, Frank H. Durgin
Do Explicit Estimates Of Angular Declination Become Ungrounded In The Presence Of A Ground Plane?, Umi I. Keezing , '19, Frank H. Durgin
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In a series of seven experiments (total N = 220), it is shown that explicit angular declination judgments are influenced by the presence of a ground plane in the background. This is of theoretical importance because it bears on the interpretation of the relationship between angular declination and perceived distance on a ground plane. Explicit estimates of ground distance are consistent with a simple 1.5 gain in the underlying perceived angular declination function. The experiments show that, in general, functions of estimates of perceived angular declination have a slope of 1.5, but that an additional intercept can often be observed …
Assessing Sexual Orientation Symptoms In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Development And Validation Of The Sexual Orientation Obsessions And Reactions Test (Sort), M. T. Williams, T. H. W. Ching, G. Tellawi, Jedidiah Siev, J. Dowell, V. Schauldt, J. C. Slimowicz, C. T. Wetterneck
Assessing Sexual Orientation Symptoms In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Development And Validation Of The Sexual Orientation Obsessions And Reactions Test (Sort), M. T. Williams, T. H. W. Ching, G. Tellawi, Jedidiah Siev, J. Dowell, V. Schauldt, J. C. Slimowicz, C. T. Wetterneck
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) includes many symptom presentations, which creates unique diagnostic challenges. Fears surrounding one’s sexual orientation are common within OCD (also called SO-OCD), but SO-OCD is consistently misdiagnosed by physicians and psychologists. To address this issue, we describe the development of a self-report measure for assessing SO-OCD to help distinguish OCD from distress caused by a sexual orientation identity crisis. The current paper details two studies that established the psychometric properties and clinical utility of this measure. In Study 1, the factor structure, validity, and reliability were examined for the measure’s 12 items in a sample of 1,673 university …
Effects Of Organization And Disorganization On Pleasantness, Calmness, And The Frontal Negativity In The Event-Related Potential, Sandra Langeslag
Effects Of Organization And Disorganization On Pleasantness, Calmness, And The Frontal Negativity In The Event-Related Potential, Sandra Langeslag
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A preference for organization is associated with several disorders, but is widespread in the general population as well. It remains unclear whether organization and various degrees of disorganization elicit pleasant or unpleasant feelings (i.e., valence), calming or arousing feelings (i.e., arousal), and a frontal negativity in the event-related potential (ERP) related to cognitive control. This study tested how organization, slight disorganization, and total disorganization affect valence, arousal, and the frontal negativity. Participants passively viewed organized, slightly disorganized, totally disorganized, and control pictures while their electroencephalogram was recorded. They also rated the valence and arousal elicited by each picture and completed …
Network Changes Associated With Transdiagnostic Depressive Symptom Improvement Following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Mdd And Ptsd, Steven Bruce, Zhen Yang, Shi Gu, Nicolas Honnorat, Kristin Linn, Russell Shinohara, Irem Aselcioglu, Desmond Oathes, Christos Davatzikos, Theodore Satterthwaite, Danielle Bassett, Yvette Sheline
Network Changes Associated With Transdiagnostic Depressive Symptom Improvement Following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Mdd And Ptsd, Steven Bruce, Zhen Yang, Shi Gu, Nicolas Honnorat, Kristin Linn, Russell Shinohara, Irem Aselcioglu, Desmond Oathes, Christos Davatzikos, Theodore Satterthwaite, Danielle Bassett, Yvette Sheline
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Despite widespread use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in clinical practice, its mechanisms with respect to brain networks remain sparsely described. In this study, we applied tools from graph theory and network science to better understand the transdiagnostic neural mechanisms of this treatment for depression. A sample of 64 subjects was included in a study of network dynamics: 33 patients (15 MDD, 18 PTSD) received longitudinal fMRI resting state scans before and after 12 weeks of CBT. Depression severity was rated on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Thirty-one healthy controls were included to determine baseline network roles. Univariate and …