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Selected Works

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Articles 541 - 554 of 554

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Prediction Of Cognitive Learning Performance From Multivariate State‑Change Scores, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Prediction Of Cognitive Learning Performance From Multivariate State‑Change Scores, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

While the role of non-ability intrapersonal variables including personality traits and motivational dynamic factors has been well documented in numerous studies, the relationship of transient states to cognitive performance has been relatively neglected. Boyle (1983b, 1986) demonstrated that emotional states powerfully influence cognitive learning outcomes under conditions of stressful activation. However, under neutral, non-emotive conditions, it remained unclear what role if any was played by mood states in cognitive learning. The failure to employ change measures in these studies may have obscured the likely influence of emotions on cognitive performance in the neutral situation. This study re-examines the relationship of …

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Higher-Order Factors In The Differential Emotions Scale (Des-Iii), Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Higher-Order Factors In The Differential Emotions Scale (Des-Iii), Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The 30-item version of Izard's Differential Emotions Scale (DES-III) was submitted to an iterative principal factoring plus oblique (direct Oblimin) rotation to simple structure, on a sample of 204 University of Delaware undergraduates. The intercorrelation matrix for the eight primary emotional-state factors derived, was subsequently subjected to a higher-order factoring. Four second-order factors accounted readily for the variance measured in the DES-III scales and this suggests that the multivariate mood-state instrument might be more profitably scored for secondary factors, in certain instances. This conclusion in no way detracts from the importance of the DES-III primaries, but adds to the usefulness …

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The Paramenstruum And Negative Moods In Normal Young Women, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1985

The Paramenstruum And Negative Moods In Normal Young Women, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The present study investigated the effects of depressogenic statements on 154 normal young women, in relation to the late luteal phase of the female monthly cycle (paramenstruum). The women were allocated to a depressive-induction group or to either of two non-treatment groups. Multivariate ANOVAs indicated that paramenstrual women given the depressogenic statements reported more negative post-induction mood states than did other women. Four of the 12 mood states measured by the Differential Emotions Scale (DES-IV) were significantly elevated for the paramenstrual women in the depressive-induction group only (viz. Sadness, Hostility, Fear and Shame subscales). It was concluded that paramenstrual women …

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Reliability And Validity Of Izard's Differential Emotions Scale, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1984

Reliability And Validity Of Izard's Differential Emotions Scale, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Izard's Differential Emotions Scale (DES) was administered to 204 University of Delaware undergraduates under each of four imaginal mood-induction conditions (labelled: General Depression, Curiosity, Specific Depression and Anxiety) and an actual pre-exam condition. A factor analysis of DES items supported the construct validity of some subscales. A repeated-measures multiple discriminant function analysis indicated that two-thirds of the DES items discriminated between the five conditions-an extremely stringent test of item validity. It was suggested, however, that refinement of the DES should attempt to decrease item redundancy (internal consistency) by re-establishing the instrument on a broader base of adjectives descriptive of fundamental …

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The Biases And Mean Squared Errors Of Estimators Of Multinormal Squared Multiple Correlation, Joseph F. Lucke, Susan E. Embretson Jan 1984

The Biases And Mean Squared Errors Of Estimators Of Multinormal Squared Multiple Correlation, Joseph F. Lucke, Susan E. Embretson

Joseph Lucke

The sample squared multiple correlation coefficient, $R^{2}$ is known to have certain unsatisfactory properties as an estimator of the population squared multiple correlation. Hence, numerous adjusted estimators based on functions of $1-R^{2}$ have been proposed. We examine the biases and mean squared errors of five adjusted estimators as well as $R^{2}$. General results are given for estimators linear in $1-R^{2}$, and four such estimators are examined in detail. In addition, a quadratic estimator and the minimum variance unbiased estimator are examined. Comparisons among these estimators are made in terms of absolute bias and mean squared error.

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Effects On Academic Learning Of Manipulating Emotional States And Motivational Dynamics, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1983

Effects On Academic Learning Of Manipulating Emotional States And Motivational Dynamics, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of emotionally disturbing stimuli on the learning process. A five-minute film segment depicting horrific scenes of automobile accident victims, and part of a pathologist's post-mortem of a victim, was shown to an experimental group of 69 student teachers, while a non-treatment group of 66 student teachers served as controls. The two groups were well matched on several independent variables covering the four domains of ability, personality, motivation, and mood states. The emotionally disturbing treatment produced a decrement in learning performance, but resulted in a massive 36 per cent increase in …

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Ethological Considerations In The Experimental Study Of Lizard Behavior, Neil Greenberg Jan 1978

Ethological Considerations In The Experimental Study Of Lizard Behavior, Neil Greenberg

Neil Greenberg

The importance of an ethological approach to the experimental study of an unfamiliar species is described and several of its problems discussed. The selection of units of behavior is a crucial first step in the development of a behavior inventory. The correlation of a behavioral unit with a particular context is necessary to ascribe function to that to that unit and to develop an ethogram. Methods of studying lizards under controlled conditions are described and discussed. Constraints on behavior that must be considered in an experimental study include the microclimate and its thermal qualities, food and water, shelter utilization, and …

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Validation Of The Three-Factor Optimal Arousal Model, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1977

Validation Of The Three-Factor Optimal Arousal Model, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Separate curiosity state (C-State) and anxiety state (A-State) measures were administered before and after a learning task, to 300 secondary school students. The students were randomly allocated to one of three curiosity treatment groups; Curiosity Stimulating Instructions (CSI); Neutral Instructions (NI); and Boredom Inducing Instructions (BII) respectively. Correlations between C-State and A-State scores for these treatment groups on the separate testing occasions couldn’t be accounted for by the two­factor optimal arousal model. In contrast, the three-factor optimal arousal model provided a satisfactory explanation of the obtained data.
Preprint version: Copyright © Author, 1977

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Why Isn't The Gerbil Moving Anymore? Discussing Death In The Classroom., Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1975

Why Isn't The Gerbil Moving Anymore? Discussing Death In The Classroom., Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

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The Logic Of Protest Action, Herman L. Boschken Jan 1975

The Logic Of Protest Action, Herman L. Boschken

Herman L. Boschken

In recent years, there has been a noticeable growth in political protest involving groups of widely diverging interests. The rising incidence of protest seems paradoxical to the apparent growth of affluence in society. This paper attempts to resolve this paradox by contending that most forms of protest are a function of the degree of separation between (a) the values and goals of those controlling collective decision processes and (b) the diversity of interests and aspirations in segmented society at large. Through protest action, disenfranchised groups are able to impose "external" costs on "establishment" regimes that lead to alteration of the …

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Perceptual Rigidity In Paranoid Schizophrenia: Use Of Projective Animal Drawings, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1973

Perceptual Rigidity In Paranoid Schizophrenia: Use Of Projective Animal Drawings, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

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The Animal And Opposite Drawing Technique: Implications For Personality Assessment, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1972

The Animal And Opposite Drawing Technique: Implications For Personality Assessment, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

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Locus Of Control In Narcotic Addicts: State Or Trait Phenomenon?, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1972

Locus Of Control In Narcotic Addicts: State Or Trait Phenomenon?, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

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Swimming, Competence, And Personality Change, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1971

Swimming, Competence, And Personality Change, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

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