Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

SelectedWorks

Selected Works

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
File Type

Articles 541 - 568 of 568

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Prediction Of Academic Achievement Using The School Motivation Analysis Test., Gregory J. Boyle, Brian K. Start, John E. Hall Jan 1989

Prediction Of Academic Achievement Using The School Motivation Analysis Test., Gregory J. Boyle, Brian K. Start, John E. Hall

Gregory J. Boyle

Mathematics and English achievement was investigated among 277 Year 10 Australian students. Using the School Motivation Analysis Test (SMAT) as the measure of dynamic motivational traits, significant achievement variance (25 percent for Mathematics; 34 percent for English) was accounted for independently from that due to abilities and personality traits. Male students tended to invest a greater proportion of intellectual abilities (indexed via the SMAT General Information Intelligence score) than did females in the learning of Mathematics (accounting for 25 percent of the variance for males), whereas females demonstrated a higher investment of abilities in English. The specific motivational dynamic traits …

Go to article

Sex Differences In The Prediction Of Academic Achievement Using The Children's Motivation Analysis Test, Gregory J. Boyle, Brian K. Start Jan 1989

Sex Differences In The Prediction Of Academic Achievement Using The Children's Motivation Analysis Test, Gregory J. Boyle, Brian K. Start

Gregory J. Boyle

The Children's Motivation Analysis Test (CMAT), together with standardised achievement tests in mathematics and reading, was administered to a large sample of Australian elementary school children. Stepwise forward regression analyses were conducted on subsamples of 209 males and 179 females (cases with missing data previously excluded). Several of the CMAT dynamic traits significantly predicted achievement scores. The most useful predictors were conscientiousness (Superego) and family (Home) orientation. These results, based on objective motivation measurement, represent the beginnings of a new approach for research into children's motivation structure.

Go to article

Are Employment-Interview Skills A Correlate Of Subtypes Of Schizophrenia?, James Charisiou, Henry J. Jackson, Gregory J. Boyle, Philip Burgess, Harry I. Minas, Stephen D. Joshua Jan 1989

Are Employment-Interview Skills A Correlate Of Subtypes Of Schizophrenia?, James Charisiou, Henry J. Jackson, Gregory J. Boyle, Philip Burgess, Harry I. Minas, Stephen D. Joshua

Gregory J. Boyle

46 inpatients with a DSM-III diagnosis of schizophrenia were assessed in the week prior to discharge from hospital on measures of positive and negative symptoms and on 12 measures of employment interview skills (i.e., eye contact, facial gestures, body posture, verbal content, voice volume, length of speech, motivation, self-confidence, ability to communicate, manifest adjustment, manifest intelligence, over-all interview skill), and a global measure of employability. A cluster analysis based on the total positive and negative symptom scores produced two groups. The group with the lower mean negative symptom score exhibited better employment-interview skills and higher ratings on employability.

Go to article

Collaborative Research In Genetics, Maheswarappa B S Jan 1989

Collaborative Research In Genetics, Maheswarappa B S

Prof B S Maheswarappa

Studies the collaborative research in Genetics based on authorship data collected from Genetics Abstracts 1970, 1975, 1980 and 1985. Slightly less than 80% of papers in genetics were by multiple authors. Two author papers outnumber single-author papers as well as papers with three or more authors and the proportions have changed over the years in favour of multiple authorship. The average number of papers has increased from 2•3 to 3•13 and so also the degree of collaboration from 0•70 to 0•84. The two-author papers were a maximum in 14 research fronts. The highest proportion of multi-author papers (80%) were found …

Go to article

Seed Pathology Literature, Maheswarappa B. S, Usha G. N Jan 1989

Seed Pathology Literature, Maheswarappa B. S, Usha G. N

Prof B S Maheswarappa

No abstract provided.

Go to article

What Does The Neuropsychological Category Test Measure?, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1988

What Does The Neuropsychological Category Test Measure?, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The Halstead Category Test of brain dysfunction is one of the most sensitive neuropsychological measures currently available. While the instrument has received widespread use, nevertheless, the exact nature of what it measures has been poorly delineated. The present brief report presents the results of separate factor analyses of the Category Test along with other neuropsychological measures from the Halstead-Reitan battery. Despite considerable differences in samples, as well as in the particular neuropsychological measures included in the separate analyses, the Category Test consistently lined-up with general intellectual and memory components, in each instance.

Go to article

Art, Science, Areté, Neil Greenberg Jan 1988

Art, Science, Areté, Neil Greenberg

Neil Greenberg

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Content Similarities And Differences In Cattell’S Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, Eight State Questionnaire, And Motivation Analysis Test, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1987

Content Similarities And Differences In Cattell’S Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, Eight State Questionnaire, And Motivation Analysis Test, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The multivariate psychometric measurement of normal personality traits, transitory emotional states, and dynamic motivational factors has been made possible through the factor analytically validated instruments devised by Cattell and his associates. Previous research by Boyle, et al. has demonstrated that in accord with theory, all three instruments are measuring essentially separate psychological domains. While this quantitative evidence suggested that the multivariate instruments exhibit little measurement overlap with each other, nevertheless, it was not possible to ascertain the content similarities and differences from the canonical-redundancy analyses reported. Hence, the present study examines these qualitative characteristics in terms of the subscale data …

Go to article

A Cross-Validation Of The Factor Structure Of The Profile Of Mood States: Were The Factors Correctly Identified In The First Instance?, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1987

A Cross-Validation Of The Factor Structure Of The Profile Of Mood States: Were The Factors Correctly Identified In The First Instance?, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The present study investigated further the factorial structure of the Profile of Mood States in an Australian college sample of 289 undergraduate students. Responses for all 65 items were intercorrelated and subjected to an iterative principal factoring procedure together with rotation to oblique simple structure. Results indicated that the basic subscale structure of the profile is reliable, although some additional factors of emotionality could be discerned. A subsequent higher-order analysis suggested that at the typological mood-state level, the Profile of Mood States primarily indexes three state dimensions of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Arousal.

Go to article

Evidence Of Typological Mood States From Change-Score (Dr) Factoring Of The Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (Caq), Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1987

Evidence Of Typological Mood States From Change-Score (Dr) Factoring Of The Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (Caq), Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

A series of studies has attempted to elucidate higher-order mood-state dimensions through factor analyses of a number of multidimensional self-report instruments. Results suggest at least five higher-order mood states (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Arousal-Fatigue, Hostility, Depression). However, the question of possible mood states in the psychopathological domain remains unresolved. The present study investigates this issue through second- and third-order dR-analyses of the Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (CAQ). Results indicate further abnormal typological mood-state factors in addition to those previously delineated within the (normal) mood-state sphere.

Go to article

Commentary: The Role Of Intrapersonal Psychological Variables In Academic School Learning, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1987

Commentary: The Role Of Intrapersonal Psychological Variables In Academic School Learning, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Intellectual abilities may contribute up to 25% of the variance in measures of academic school learning. However, the role of intrapersonal variables other than cognitive ability (personality traits, motivational dynamic factors, transitory emotional states) has usually been considered as fairly trivial. Past research, to the contrary, suggests that under stressful conditions, the relative contribution of such intrapersonal factors may even become predominant in influencing achievement. When analyses are based on change scores rather than single-occasion measures (which include trait contamination variance), the influence of emotional states on learning is shown to be very significant indeed.

Go to article

Intermodality Superfactors In The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16pf), Eight State Battery (8sq), And Objective Motivation Analysis Test (Oab), Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Intermodality Superfactors In The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16pf), Eight State Battery (8sq), And Objective Motivation Analysis Test (Oab), Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The behavioural scientists Eysenck and Cattell have much in common, having investigated intrapersonal psychological structure, albeit at different levels in its hierarchical structure. Eysenck has studied the personality domain in terms of a typological model involving a small number of important superfactors. In contrast, Cattell has typically resorted to analyses of a considerably larger number of primary factors. While both approaches are complementary, nevertheless, little research has been undertaken into intermodality superfactors. The present study, therefore, examines Cattellian intermodality superfactors across the normal personality trait, mood state, and motivational dynamic domains, respectively, in the hope of elucidating broad affect dimensions …

Go to article

Application Of Factor Analysis In Psychological Research: Improvement Of Simple Structure By Computer Assisted Graphic Oblique Transformation: A Brief Note, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Application Of Factor Analysis In Psychological Research: Improvement Of Simple Structure By Computer Assisted Graphic Oblique Transformation: A Brief Note, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Several studies have suggested the efficacy of topological rotation as an adjunct to oblique analytical rotation in attaining improved approximation to maximum simple structure of the factor pattern matrix. Recently, using a higher- order scale factoring of the Objective Motivation Analysis Test (MAT), and the Eight State Questionnaire (8SQ), Boyle(1983) reported a 6.17% increase in the ±.10 hyperplane count after only five Rotoplot cycles. Four of the 11 extracted factors were simplified in line with Thurstone’s simple structure requirements. The present brief note examines the issue of topological rotation in regard to its usefulness and ease of application by investigators …

Go to article

Analysis Of Typological Factors Across The Eight State Questionnaire And The Differential Emotions Scale, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Analysis Of Typological Factors Across The Eight State Questionnaire And The Differential Emotions Scale, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The use of multivariate mood-state scales has recently become quite popular. Two instruments designed to measure fundamental emotions are the Eight State Questionnaire and the Differential Emotions Scale. As it appears that each instrument taps somewhat different sectors of the mood-state sphere, elucidation of a smaller number of typological factors across both instruments seems desirable to provide the basis for an instrument which better taps the total mood-state sphere than does either one of these alone. In the present study, a combined scale-factoring of the two instruments is undertaken on a sample of 450 college students. Results suggest that six …

Go to article

Prediction Of Cognitive Learning Performance From Multivariate State‑Change Scores, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Prediction Of Cognitive Learning Performance From Multivariate State‑Change Scores, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

While the role of non-ability intrapersonal variables including personality traits and motivational dynamic factors has been well documented in numerous studies, the relationship of transient states to cognitive performance has been relatively neglected. Boyle (1983b, 1986) demonstrated that emotional states powerfully influence cognitive learning outcomes under conditions of stressful activation. However, under neutral, non-emotive conditions, it remained unclear what role if any was played by mood states in cognitive learning. The failure to employ change measures in these studies may have obscured the likely influence of emotions on cognitive performance in the neutral situation. This study re-examines the relationship of …

Go to article

Higher-Order Factors In The Differential Emotions Scale (Des-Iii), Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1986

Higher-Order Factors In The Differential Emotions Scale (Des-Iii), Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The 30-item version of Izard's Differential Emotions Scale (DES-III) was submitted to an iterative principal factoring plus oblique (direct Oblimin) rotation to simple structure, on a sample of 204 University of Delaware undergraduates. The intercorrelation matrix for the eight primary emotional-state factors derived, was subsequently subjected to a higher-order factoring. Four second-order factors accounted readily for the variance measured in the DES-III scales and this suggests that the multivariate mood-state instrument might be more profitably scored for secondary factors, in certain instances. This conclusion in no way detracts from the importance of the DES-III primaries, but adds to the usefulness …

Go to article

The Paramenstruum And Negative Moods In Normal Young Women, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1985

The Paramenstruum And Negative Moods In Normal Young Women, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The present study investigated the effects of depressogenic statements on 154 normal young women, in relation to the late luteal phase of the female monthly cycle (paramenstruum). The women were allocated to a depressive-induction group or to either of two non-treatment groups. Multivariate ANOVAs indicated that paramenstrual women given the depressogenic statements reported more negative post-induction mood states than did other women. Four of the 12 mood states measured by the Differential Emotions Scale (DES-IV) were significantly elevated for the paramenstrual women in the depressive-induction group only (viz. Sadness, Hostility, Fear and Shame subscales). It was concluded that paramenstrual women …

Go to article

Reliability And Validity Of Izard's Differential Emotions Scale, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1984

Reliability And Validity Of Izard's Differential Emotions Scale, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Izard's Differential Emotions Scale (DES) was administered to 204 University of Delaware undergraduates under each of four imaginal mood-induction conditions (labelled: General Depression, Curiosity, Specific Depression and Anxiety) and an actual pre-exam condition. A factor analysis of DES items supported the construct validity of some subscales. A repeated-measures multiple discriminant function analysis indicated that two-thirds of the DES items discriminated between the five conditions-an extremely stringent test of item validity. It was suggested, however, that refinement of the DES should attempt to decrease item redundancy (internal consistency) by re-establishing the instrument on a broader base of adjectives descriptive of fundamental …

Go to article

The Biases And Mean Squared Errors Of Estimators Of Multinormal Squared Multiple Correlation, Joseph F. Lucke, Susan E. Embretson Jan 1984

The Biases And Mean Squared Errors Of Estimators Of Multinormal Squared Multiple Correlation, Joseph F. Lucke, Susan E. Embretson

Joseph Lucke

The sample squared multiple correlation coefficient, $R^{2}$ is known to have certain unsatisfactory properties as an estimator of the population squared multiple correlation. Hence, numerous adjusted estimators based on functions of $1-R^{2}$ have been proposed. We examine the biases and mean squared errors of five adjusted estimators as well as $R^{2}$. General results are given for estimators linear in $1-R^{2}$, and four such estimators are examined in detail. In addition, a quadratic estimator and the minimum variance unbiased estimator are examined. Comparisons among these estimators are made in terms of absolute bias and mean squared error.

Go to article

Effects On Academic Learning Of Manipulating Emotional States And Motivational Dynamics, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1983

Effects On Academic Learning Of Manipulating Emotional States And Motivational Dynamics, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of emotionally disturbing stimuli on the learning process. A five-minute film segment depicting horrific scenes of automobile accident victims, and part of a pathologist's post-mortem of a victim, was shown to an experimental group of 69 student teachers, while a non-treatment group of 66 student teachers served as controls. The two groups were well matched on several independent variables covering the four domains of ability, personality, motivation, and mood states. The emotionally disturbing treatment produced a decrement in learning performance, but resulted in a massive 36 per cent increase in …

Go to article

Ethological Considerations In The Experimental Study Of Lizard Behavior, Neil Greenberg Jan 1978

Ethological Considerations In The Experimental Study Of Lizard Behavior, Neil Greenberg

Neil Greenberg

The importance of an ethological approach to the experimental study of an unfamiliar species is described and several of its problems discussed. The selection of units of behavior is a crucial first step in the development of a behavior inventory. The correlation of a behavioral unit with a particular context is necessary to ascribe function to that to that unit and to develop an ethogram. Methods of studying lizards under controlled conditions are described and discussed. Constraints on behavior that must be considered in an experimental study include the microclimate and its thermal qualities, food and water, shelter utilization, and …

Go to article

Validation Of The Three-Factor Optimal Arousal Model, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1977

Validation Of The Three-Factor Optimal Arousal Model, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Separate curiosity state (C-State) and anxiety state (A-State) measures were administered before and after a learning task, to 300 secondary school students. The students were randomly allocated to one of three curiosity treatment groups; Curiosity Stimulating Instructions (CSI); Neutral Instructions (NI); and Boredom Inducing Instructions (BII) respectively. Correlations between C-State and A-State scores for these treatment groups on the separate testing occasions couldn’t be accounted for by the two­factor optimal arousal model. In contrast, the three-factor optimal arousal model provided a satisfactory explanation of the obtained data.
Preprint version: Copyright © Author, 1977

Go to article

Why Isn't The Gerbil Moving Anymore? Discussing Death In The Classroom., Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1975

Why Isn't The Gerbil Moving Anymore? Discussing Death In The Classroom., Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Logic Of Protest Action, Herman L. Boschken Jan 1975

The Logic Of Protest Action, Herman L. Boschken

Herman L. Boschken

In recent years, there has been a noticeable growth in political protest involving groups of widely diverging interests. The rising incidence of protest seems paradoxical to the apparent growth of affluence in society. This paper attempts to resolve this paradox by contending that most forms of protest are a function of the degree of separation between (a) the values and goals of those controlling collective decision processes and (b) the diversity of interests and aspirations in segmented society at large. Through protest action, disenfranchised groups are able to impose "external" costs on "establishment" regimes that lead to alteration of the …

Go to article

Perceptual Rigidity In Paranoid Schizophrenia: Use Of Projective Animal Drawings, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1973

Perceptual Rigidity In Paranoid Schizophrenia: Use Of Projective Animal Drawings, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Animal And Opposite Drawing Technique: Implications For Personality Assessment, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1972

The Animal And Opposite Drawing Technique: Implications For Personality Assessment, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Locus Of Control In Narcotic Addicts: State Or Trait Phenomenon?, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1972

Locus Of Control In Narcotic Addicts: State Or Trait Phenomenon?, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Swimming, Competence, And Personality Change, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1971

Swimming, Competence, And Personality Change, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev