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Developmental Psychology

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Articles 511 - 533 of 533

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Changes In Patterns Of Thinking About Motion With L2 Acquisition, Gale Stam Dec 1997

Changes In Patterns Of Thinking About Motion With L2 Acquisition, Gale Stam

Gale Stam, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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4. Reasoning About Moral Aspects Of Illness And Treatment By Preschoolers Who Are Healthy Or Have A Chronic Illness., Pamela M. Kato, Thomas D. Lyon Dec 1997

4. Reasoning About Moral Aspects Of Illness And Treatment By Preschoolers Who Are Healthy Or Have A Chronic Illness., Pamela M. Kato, Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

Our study evaluates the moral reasoning skills of healthy and chronically ill 3 and 4 year olds with respect to illness and treatment, by use of an interview technique that reduces verbal demands on the child, We presented children with pairs of scenarios comparing ill characters with characters acting immorally and characters being punished, as well as with pairs of scenarios comparing treated characters with characters acting immorally and characters being punished. We asked children to point to the character who did something "naughty." With the exception of the chronically ill 3 year olds, the children performed consistently above chance …

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The Unification Of Marketing And Assessment In Higher Education: A Model, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh Dec 1997

The Unification Of Marketing And Assessment In Higher Education: A Model, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

A marketing assessment model that includes university outcome measures is presented. The model incorporates consumer expectations theory and marketing strategy. Findings indicate that student expectations vary among the undergraduate population. Marketing implications for student recruitment and retention efforts are offered

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Merging Retention And Financial Aid In Enrollment Management By Market Segmentation, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald P Dec 1997

Merging Retention And Financial Aid In Enrollment Management By Market Segmentation, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald P

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

High school GPA, ACT score, academic effort, and financial need in predicting student retention risk are examined. The objective is to merge retention risk with financial aid and to explore the options available to the university. Financial aid leveraging is discussed in terms of product fit and positioning strategies

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A Comparison Of Likert Response Formats In Student Affairs: The Abc's Of Assessment, Oscar T. Mcknight, Robin W. Gagnow, Sue Heimann Dec 1997

A Comparison Of Likert Response Formats In Student Affairs: The Abc's Of Assessment, Oscar T. Mcknight, Robin W. Gagnow, Sue Heimann

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Ruthellen Josselson (Ed.) Ethics And Process In The Narrative Study Of Li Es, Barbara Johnstone Dec 1996

Review Of Ruthellen Josselson (Ed.) Ethics And Process In The Narrative Study Of Li Es, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

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3. The Relevance Ratio: Evaluating The Probative Value Of Expert Testimony In Child Sexual Abuse Cases., Thomas D. Lyon, Jonathan J. Koehler Aug 1996

3. The Relevance Ratio: Evaluating The Probative Value Of Expert Testimony In Child Sexual Abuse Cases., Thomas D. Lyon, Jonathan J. Koehler

Thomas D. Lyon

It is hard to overstate the importance of expert testimony in American courtrooms. Much of this testimony concerns scientific matters that are beyond the ken of ordinary experience.  In cases where scientific matters play a central role, jurors may give substantial weight to expert testimony or even treat it as dispositive.  Standards pertaining to the admissibility of scientific testimony are critical to the outcome in many trials.

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1. The Law And Psychology Of The Child Witness. (Review Of The Book Child Witnesses: Fragile Voices In The American Legal System, By L. S. Mcgough. ), Thomas D. Lyon Jul 1996

1. The Law And Psychology Of The Child Witness. (Review Of The Book Child Witnesses: Fragile Voices In The American Legal System, By L. S. Mcgough. ), Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

McGough's goal is to summarize the developmental psychological research relevant to children's capacities as witnesses and to make recommendations for how the courts should receive children's testimony. In her review, she concludes that children under the age of 12 are deficient: They encode less detail, they fantasize more, they confuse fantasy with reality, they incorporate script based knowledge into their memory, and they are suggestible, both because they acquiesce to authority and because their memory is susceptible to external influence.

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3. The Effect Of Threats On Children’S Disclosure Of Sexual Abuse., Thomas D. Lyon Jul 1996

3. The Effect Of Threats On Children’S Disclosure Of Sexual Abuse., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

Do abused children refuse to disclose their abuse because they have been threatened by their perpetrators? In Jeopardy in the Courtroom: A Scientific Analysis of Children's Testimony, a book that many believe may have a substantial impact on child witness law and practice, Professors Stephen Ceci and Maggie Bruck argue that there is little empirical basis for this "professional `lore"' (Ceci & Bruck, 1995, pp. 300-301).

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2. Assessing Children's Competence To Take The Oath: Research And Recommendations., Thomas D. Lyon Apr 1996

2. Assessing Children's Competence To Take The Oath: Research And Recommendations., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

With all of the attention paid to children's performances as witnesses once on the stand, their ability to qualify to take the stand has been relatively neglected. Most courts require that in order to testify, a witness must first take the oath. In its most simple form, an oath is a promise to tell the truth. Taking the oath presupposes that one understands what it means to tell the truth, and that one appreciates one’s obligation to tell the truth when promising to do so. If a young child does not understand the difference between the truth and lies, or …

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Factors Related To Earthquake Preparedness Among Child Care Professionals: Theory And Policy Implications, Ellen N. Junn, D. Guerin Jan 1996

Factors Related To Earthquake Preparedness Among Child Care Professionals: Theory And Policy Implications, Ellen N. Junn, D. Guerin

Ellen N. Junn

With increasing numbers of children enrolled in child care, the safety of the child care environment and the preparedness of personnel to prevent injuries and fatalities in the event of natural disasters becomes an important public policy issue. In this study, earthquake preparedness and its correlates were examined in 25 child care centers located in a southern California community adjacent to the San Andreaas Fault. Extensive survey, interview, and on-site observational data were collected. Findings indicated a wide range of preparedness in child care centers. Half of the child care centers lacked basic essentials required to cope in the aftermath …

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2. Medical Evidence Of Physical Abuse In Infants And Young Children., Thomas D. Lyon, Elizabeth E. Gilles, Lary Cory Dec 1995

2. Medical Evidence Of Physical Abuse In Infants And Young Children., Thomas D. Lyon, Elizabeth E. Gilles, Lary Cory

Thomas D. Lyon

Determining whether a young child's injuries are due to physical abuse is often extremely difficult. Frequently, the child is nonverbal, and there are no witnesses other than the caretakers that are suspected of abuse. Expert medical opinion is often necessary to diagnose abuse. However, the process by which physicians diagnose physical abuse is something of a mystery to many attorneys, even to those who routinely handle such cases. The medical literature is often impenetrable to those without special training, leading attorneys to defer to expert opinion without fully understanding the basis for such opinion. This is unfortunate. Without understanding the …

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3. False Allegations And False Denials In Child Sexual Abuse., Thomas D. Lyon Jan 1995

3. False Allegations And False Denials In Child Sexual Abuse., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

The amicus brief in the Kelly Michaels case ignores the risks that abused children will fail to reveal abuse unless direct and sometimes leading questions are asked. Although the brief correctly criticizes previous research for understating the risks that aggressive interviewing practices will lead young children to make false allegations of abuse, it overstates the likelihood that false allegations occur by overlooking the aspects of the Kelly Michaels case and the research it inspired that are unlike the typical abuse case.  The author discusses factors that lead abused children to falsely deny abuse and that minimize the likelihood that nonabused …

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Empowering The Marginal Student: An Innovative Skills-Based Extra Credit Assignment, Ellen N. Junn Jan 1995

Empowering The Marginal Student: An Innovative Skills-Based Extra Credit Assignment, Ellen N. Junn

Ellen N. Junn

A simple extra-credit assignment explicitly rewarded marginal or failing students for improving their learning and study strategies. The instructor approached individual students who were at risk for failing the course following the midterm exam and gave them the option of earning extra-credit points for regularly documenting a variety of effective learning and study skills. In contrast to control groups of matched marginal students and of nonfailing students, those attempting the extra-credit assignment improved their test performance from midterm to final exam. They were more likely to earn at least a grade of C and less likely to drop out of …

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2. Young Children's Understanding Of "Remember" And "Forget.", Thomas D. Lyon, John H. Flavell Jan 1994

2. Young Children's Understanding Of "Remember" And "Forget.", Thomas D. Lyon, John H. Flavell

Thomas D. Lyon

LYON, THOMAS D., and FLAVELL, JOHN H. YOUNG Children's Understanding of "Remember" and "Forget." CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1994, 65, 1357-1371.3 studies examined young children's understanding that if one "remembers" or "forgot," one must have known at a prior time. In Study 1,4-year-olds but not 3-year-olds understood the prior knowledge component of "forgot"; both groups understood that a character with prior knowledge was "gonna remember." Study 2 controlled for the possibility that good performance on "remember" might be due to a simple association of remembering with knowledge. A significant number of 4-year-olds but not 3-year olds understood that when 2 characters currently …

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"The Party”: Role-Playing To Enhance Multicultural Understanding, Ellen N. Junn Jan 1994

"The Party”: Role-Playing To Enhance Multicultural Understanding, Ellen N. Junn

Ellen N. Junn

Describes a role-playing activity used to teach the effects of stereotyping and enhance multicultural understanding. Student response.

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1. Children's Decision-Making Competency: Misunderstanding Piaget., Thomas D. Lyon Jul 1993

1. Children's Decision-Making Competency: Misunderstanding Piaget., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

Children's decision making ability is important in a number of areas in the law.  A child's competence to decide affects how her actions and opinions are evaluated in family court proceedings, dependency actions, delinquency cases, and civil suits.

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1. Young Children's Understanding Of Forgetting Over Time., Thomas D. Lyon, John H. Flavell May 1993

1. Young Children's Understanding Of Forgetting Over Time., Thomas D. Lyon, John H. Flavell

Thomas D. Lyon

2 studies investigated young children's understanding that as the retention interval increases, so do the chances that one will forget. In Study 1 (24 3-year-olds and 24 4-year-olds), 4-year-olds but not 3-year-olds understood that of 2 characters who simultaneously saw an object, the character who waited longer before attempting to find it would not remember where it was. In study 2 (24 3-year-olds and 24 4-year-olds), 4-year-olds but not 3-year-olds understood that of 2 objects seen by a character, the object that was seen a "long long time ago" would be forgotten and the object seen "a little while ago" …

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Student Lives: Dreams And Realities, Ellen N. Junn Jan 1993

Student Lives: Dreams And Realities, Ellen N. Junn

Ellen N. Junn

No abstract provided.

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Rhinestone Cowgirl: The Education Of A Rodeo Queen, M. Raitt, David F. Lancy Jan 1988

Rhinestone Cowgirl: The Education Of A Rodeo Queen, M. Raitt, David F. Lancy

David Lancy

No abstract provided.

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1. Sexual Exploitation Of Divorce Clients: The Lawyer's Prerogative, Thomas D. Lyon Jul 1987

1. Sexual Exploitation Of Divorce Clients: The Lawyer's Prerogative, Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

Melvin Belli has suggested, relying on his own experience as an attorney, that sex between a lawyer and his client is the "lawyer's prerogative."  This statement stresses the power imbalance implicit in many attorney-client relationships, and implies that sexuality is up to the lawyer as the more powerful member of the dyad.  Belli's position is also characteristic of the unique perspective through  which lawyers commonly view their practice.  Many attorneys believe that as long as the lawyer performs adequately in the courtroom, his indiscriminate behavior  in the bedroom does no wrong, nor, in technical terms, breaches any fiduciary duty.

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The Wind; Flight, Gale Stam Dec 1981

The Wind; Flight, Gale Stam

Gale Stam, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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Swimming, Competence, And Personality Change, Gerald P. Koocher Jan 1971

Swimming, Competence, And Personality Change, Gerald P. Koocher

Gerald P Koocher

No abstract provided.

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