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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Phonetics and Phonology
Phonological Facilitation Through Translation In A Bilingual Picture-Naming Task, Paul Amrhein, Aimee Knupsky
Phonological Facilitation Through Translation In A Bilingual Picture-Naming Task, Paul Amrhein, Aimee Knupsky
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We present a critical examination of phonological effects in a picture-word interference task. Using a methodology minimizing stimulus repetition, English/Spanish and Spanish/English bilinguals named pictures in either L1 or L2 (blocked contexts) or in both (mixed contexts) while ignoring word distractors in L1 or L2. Distractors were either phonologically related to the picture name (direct; FISH–fist), or related through translation to the picture name (TT; LEG–milk–leche), or they were unrelated (bear–peach). Results demonstrate robust activation of phonological representations by translation equivalents of word distractors. Although both direct and TT distractors facilitated naming, TT facilitation was more consistent in L2 naming …
An Experimental Approach To Syllable Weight And Stress In Spanish, Michael Shelton
An Experimental Approach To Syllable Weight And Stress In Spanish, Michael Shelton
Michael Shelton
This work examines the cognitive representation of phonotactic constraints on Spanish stress via the collection of behavioral data. Critical stimuli in four experiments consist of non-words that violate the Spanish stress window. Experiment 1 finds statistical differences among latency and accuracy data for stimuli that represent theoretic ally proscribed sequences, theoretically licit sequences that are unattested for diachronic reasons, and fully licit gaps. Experiments 2 and 3 find differential patterning of rising and falling diphthongs. Experiment 4 tests the time course of phonological encoding and evidences differential treatment of both diphthong types across delays in a delayed naming task . …
Task-Based Mood Induction Procedures For The Elicitation Of Natural Emotional Responses., Brian Vaughan, Charlie Cullen, Spyros Kousidis, Yi Wang
Task-Based Mood Induction Procedures For The Elicitation Of Natural Emotional Responses., Brian Vaughan, Charlie Cullen, Spyros Kousidis, Yi Wang
Other resources
This paper details experimental procedures designed to elicit real emotional responses from participants within a controlled acoustic environment. The experiments use Mood Induction Procedures (MIP’s), specifically MIP 4, to implement a co-operative task using two participants. These cooperative tasks are designed to engender emotional responses of activation and evaluation from the participants who are situated in separate isolation booths, thus reducing unwanted noise in the signal, preventing the participants from being distracted and ensuring a cleanly recorded audio signal. The audio is recorded at a professional level of quality (24bit/192Khz). The emotional dimensions of each audio recording will be evaluated …
Derivations And Levels Of Representation, John J. Mccarthy
Derivations And Levels Of Representation, John J. Mccarthy
Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series
In the theory of generative phonology, the phonological grammar of a language is regarded as a function from underlying to surface forms: /kæt þz/ ! [kæts] ‘cats’. Underlying and surface form are known as levels of representation, and the mapping between them is a derivation. This chapter describes the rationale for positing distinct levels of representation, various views of how many and what kind of levels of representation there are, and the nature of the derivations that link different levels of representation.
Consonant Harmony Via Correspondence: Evidence From Chumash, John J. Mccarthy
Consonant Harmony Via Correspondence: Evidence From Chumash, John J. Mccarthy
Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series
The phonology of [anterior] in Chumash supports recent proposals by Hansson (2001), Rose & Walker (2004), and Walker (2000a, 2000b) that long-distance consonant assimilation does not involve autosegmental spreading. Linking of the feature [anterior] is forbidden across morpheme boundaries, but long-distance [anterior] harmony is allowed across morpheme boundaries. The Chumash evidence therefore shows that assimilation can occur without autosegmental spreading.
What Is Optimality Theory?, John J. Mccarthy
What Is Optimality Theory?, John J. Mccarthy
Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series
Optimality Theory is a general model of how grammars are structured. This article surveys the motivations for OT, its core principles, and the basics of analysis. It also addresses some frequently asked questions about this theory and offers suggestions for further reading.
Place Assimilation And Phonetic Grounding: A Cross-Linguistic Perceptual Study, Alexei Kochetov, Connie K. So
Place Assimilation And Phonetic Grounding: A Cross-Linguistic Perceptual Study, Alexei Kochetov, Connie K. So
Alexei Kochetov
This paper investigates predictions made by the ‘phonetic knowledge hypothesis’ (Jun 1995, 2004, Hayes & Steriade 2004) about the relation between perceptibility of stops and common patterns of major place assimilation. In two perceptual experiments, stimuli with Russian released and unreleased voiceless stops in clusters were presented for identification of 56 listeners, native speakers of Russian, Canadian English, Korean and Taiwanese Mandarin. Percentages of correct responses and reaction time data were used to determine scales of perceptual salience. Results reveal considerable perceptual differences between places of articulation, consistent across four language groups. Perceptual salience of place of articulation was strongly …
Komi-Permyak Coronal Obstruents: Acoustic Contrasts And Positional Variation, Alexei Kochetov, Alevtina Lobanova
Komi-Permyak Coronal Obstruents: Acoustic Contrasts And Positional Variation, Alexei Kochetov, Alevtina Lobanova
Alexei Kochetov
Komi-Permyak (Finno-Ugric) has a typologically rare contrast between palatal stops and palatal affricates; the latter are also contrastive with postalveolar affricates. In addition, the language has a relatively uncommon three-way place contrast among sibilant fricatives. This paper investigates acoustic properties of the Komi-Permyak voiceless coronal obstruents in different positional contexts. An acoustic analysis of data from six native speakers of the language revealed that the contrasts were well differentiated by a combination of duration, noise intensity, spectral shapes, and vowel transitions – consistently with previous studies of similar consonants in other languages. The results also showed some positional differences in …
Cross-Language Differences In Overlap And Assimilation Patterns In Korean And Russian, Alexei Kochetov, Marianne Pouplier, Minjung Son
Cross-Language Differences In Overlap And Assimilation Patterns In Korean And Russian, Alexei Kochetov, Marianne Pouplier, Minjung Son
Alexei Kochetov
This paper investigates cross-linguistic differences in gestural overlap in consonant clusters and discusses how different patterns of overlap may interact with language-specific place assimilation patterns. We examine Russian and Korean stopstop sequences within and across words, produced at two speaking rates. Significant differences in degrees of overlap emerge between the two languages for both prosodic conditions. We discuss to what extent language-specific differences in overlap can be linked to the language-specific propensity for articulatory place assimilation.
Slouching Toward Optimality: Coda Reduction In Ot-Cc, John J. Mccarthy
Slouching Toward Optimality: Coda Reduction In Ot-Cc, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
There is a well-established asymmetry in the behavior of medial consonant clusters: the first consonant in the cluster can undergo assimilation or deletion, but the second consonant in the cluster cannot. This article presents an explanation for that asymmetry based on a version of Optimality Theory with candidate chains (McCarthy (2006a)). The key idea is that a consonant can only assimilate or delete if it first loses its place features by debuccalizing, and debuccalization is only possible in coda position.
What Is Optimality Theory?, John J. Mccarthy
What Is Optimality Theory?, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
Optimality Theory is a general model of how grammars are structured. This article surveys the motivations for OT, its core principles, and the basics of analysis. It also addresses some frequently asked questions about this theory and offers suggestions for further reading.
Less Than Zero: Correspondence And The Null Output, John J. Mccarthy, Matthew Wolf
Less Than Zero: Correspondence And The Null Output, John J. Mccarthy, Matthew Wolf
John J. McCarthy
In this chapter, we have argued for a revision of correspondence theory in which strings rather than segments are the formal objects that stand in correspondence. In this revision, well-behaved unfaithful mappings do not alter ℜ’s status is a total bijective function. Candidates with a less orderly ℜ violate MPARSE; among these candidates there is one that harmonically bounds all of the others, the null output &#;. The primary goal of this project is to explain why &#; uniquely violates no constraints except MPARSE, making it suitable for the analysis of phonologically-conditioned gaps. Along the way, we have also discussed …
Consonant Harmony Via Correspondence: Evidence From Chumash, John J. Mccarthy
Consonant Harmony Via Correspondence: Evidence From Chumash, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
The phonology of [anterior] in Chumash supports recent proposals by Hansson (2001), Rose & Walker (2004), and Walker (2000a, 2000b) that long-distance consonant assimilation does not involve autosegmental spreading. Linking of the feature [anterior] is forbidden across morpheme boundaries, but long-distance [anterior] harmony is allowed across morpheme boundaries. The Chumash evidence therefore shows that assimilation can occur without autosegmental spreading.
Derivations And Levels Of Representation, John J. Mccarthy
Derivations And Levels Of Representation, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
In the theory of generative phonology, the phonological grammar of a language is regarded as a function from underlying to surface forms: /kæt þz/ ! [kæts] ‘cats’. Underlying and surface form are known as levels of representation, and the mapping between them is a derivation. This chapter describes the rationale for positing distinct levels of representation, various views of how many and what kind of levels of representation there are, and the nature of the derivations that link different levels of representation.
An Instrumental Investigation Of Scottish Gaelic Preaspiration, Ian D. Clayton
An Instrumental Investigation Of Scottish Gaelic Preaspiration, Ian D. Clayton
Ian D. Clayton
No abstract provided.
Slouching Toward Optimality: Coda Reduction In Ot-Cc, John J. Mccarthy
Slouching Toward Optimality: Coda Reduction In Ot-Cc, John J. Mccarthy
Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series
There is a well-established asymmetry in the behavior of medial consonant clusters: the first consonant in the cluster can undergo assimilation or deletion, but the second consonant in the cluster cannot. This article presents an explanation for that asymmetry based on a version of Optimality Theory with candidate chains (McCarthy (2006a)). The key idea is that a consonant can only assimilate or delete if it first loses its place features by debuccalizing, and debuccalization is only possible in coda position.
Less Than Zero: Correspondence And The Null Output, John J. Mccarthy, Matthew Wolf
Less Than Zero: Correspondence And The Null Output, John J. Mccarthy, Matthew Wolf
Linguistics Department Faculty Publication Series
In this chapter, we have argued for a revision of correspondence theory in which strings rather than segments are the formal objects that stand in correspondence. In this revision, well-behaved unfaithful mappings do not alter ℜ’s status is a total bijective function. Candidates with a less orderly ℜ violate MPARSE; among these candidates there is one that harmonically bounds all of the others, the null output &#;. The primary goal of this project is to explain why &#; uniquely violates no constraints except MPARSE, making it suitable for the analysis of phonologically-conditioned gaps. Along the way, we have also discussed …
The Role Of Gestural Overlap In Perceptual Place Assimilation: Evidence From Korean, Minjung Son, Alexei Kochetov, Marianne Pouplier
The Role Of Gestural Overlap In Perceptual Place Assimilation: Evidence From Korean, Minjung Son, Alexei Kochetov, Marianne Pouplier
Alexei Kochetov
Opposing views have emerged in phonological and phonetic theory on whether perceptual place assimilation is exclusively attributable to gestural reduction or can be triggered by gestural overlap as well. Specifically, regressive place assimilation in Korean /pk/ clusters has been used as argument for the hypothesis that gestural reduction is uniquely responsible for perceptual place assimilation, yet the empirical evidence for this reduction hypothesis is ambiguous. The present study demonstrates on the basis of articulatory movement data that in these /pk/ clusters the lip gesture for /p/ is either fully present (with varying degrees of overlap) or completely absent. Our data …