Macroeconomics Commons^™

Cryptocurrency, Decentralized Finance, And The Evolution Of Money: A Transaction Costs Approach, James L. Caton Jr, Cameron Harwick

Journal of New Finance

We leverage a transaction costs narrative to provide a theoretically unified presentation of the evolution of exchange, with the latest evolutionary frontier being cryptocurrency and decentralized finance. We show that with each new development in the evolution of money, the new form or medium of exchange must reduce transaction costs relative to relevant alternatives. The development of blockchain and cryptocurrency reduced the cost of transferring currency by removing the need for a trusted third party to intermediate funds while also providing the benefit of anonymity/pseudonymity. Likewise, decentralized finance does not require a third party to intermediate savings and investment and …

Liquidity Outbreak: A 49 Country Analysis Of The Money Supply’S Effect On Stock Markets During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Dylan Porter

CMC Senior Theses

This paper compares the effects of monthly money growth on monthly stock market performance in 49 countries around the world before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Countries are grouped in aggregate, by continent, and development status. OLS panel regressions show that lagged monetary growth variables are better monetary indicators of stock market performance than contemporaneous values. Variables that measure the pandemic’s progress (infections/deaths and government responses) are included alongside macro-economic variables but are seldom significant. Monetary growth had less correlation with the stock market during the pre-pandemic period (January 2018 - December 2020), suggesting that the uncertain economic conditions of …

Price Is What You Pay: An Analysis Of Government Pricing Power, Denton Penn Lane

Senior Projects Spring 2022

Marketplaces for goods and services are defined by the existence of prices. In a market economy, the price is an important determinant for production and consumption. We analyze theories describing how private firms price their goods and how government activity affects those prices. This description of government pricing powers is done through the lens of Modern Money Theory so as to provide a detailed view of the current monetary system. Through exploring a series of fiscal policy options, this paper has shown government pricing power to be present and undertheorized. The resulting discussion is aimed at providing theoretical background for …

Innovations In Money And Banking Markets, Eduardo Guimaraes Minuci

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

The U.S. banking industry has experienced several technological and banking regulatory changes in the past two decades. This dissertation is composed of three papers that review and investigate how these banking and technological innovations have impacted depositors, bank provision of monetary assets, and bank performance. The order in which the papers are presented follows the order in which they were produced as the production of one paper helped spark ideas that led to the next.

Motivated by the fact that money has become more heterogeneous in terms of its returns, Chapter 1 focus on innovations in money markets by focusing …

Essays On Capital Structure Of Nations, Giovanni Perez

University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Why The World Needs A Reserve Asset With A Hard Anchor, Warren Coats, Dongsheng Di, Yuxuan Zhao

Warren Coats

From the 1970s, the global currency system has two features: the use of one or a few sovereign currencies as the global reserve asset and the floating exchange rate regime between major currencies.This paper points out that the costs of the dollar’s use as an international reserve currency exceed the benefits for both the US and the rest of the world. These costs include the exporting of American manufacturing as a byproduct of its current account deficit needed to supply its currency to the rest of the world. In addition to the detriment to trade from unpredictable exchange rate fluctuations, …

Understanding The Distributional Impact Of Long-Run Inflation, Gabriele Camera, Yili Chen

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

The impact of fully anticipated inflation is systematically studied in heterogeneous agent economies with an endogenous labor supply and portfolio choices. In stationary equilibrium, inflation nonlinearly alters the endogenous distributions of income, wealth, and consumption. Small departures from zero inflation have the strongest impact. Three features determine how inflation impacts distributions and welfare: financial structure, shock persistence, and labor supply elasticity. When agents can self-insure only with money, inflation reduces wealth inequality but may raise consumption inequality. Otherwise, inflation reduces consumption inequality but may raise wealth inequality. Given persistent shocks and an inelastic labor supply, inflation may raise average welfare. …

The Coordination Value Of Monetary Exchange: Experimental Evidence, Gabriele Camera, Marco Casari

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

What institutions can sustain cooperation in groups of strangers? Here we study the role of monetary systems. In an experiment, subjects sometimes needed help and sometimes could incur a cost to help an anonymous counterpart. In the absence of money, the intertemporal exchange of help, which could be supported by a norm of community punishment of defectors, did not emerge. Introducing intrinsically worthless tokens substantially altered patterns of behavior. Monetary trade emerged, which increased predictability of play and promoted cooperation when strangers could trade help for a token.

Real Sdr Currency Board, Warren Coats

Warren Coats

An enhanced special drawing right (SDR), valued by a basket of goods, would provide the global currency and reserve asset the global economy craves. This paper proposes linking the value of the International Monetary Fund’s SDR and national currencies that fix their exchange rates to the SDR to a representative basket of widely traded goods. The new “real SDR” would be issued and redeemed passively according to “Currency Board” rules in exchange for financial assets with the same market value as the basket. National currencies and/or an international reserve currency with the same value (i.e. fixed to a common unit …

Money And Inflation: Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Mbutor O. Mbutor, Okafor Ifeanyi Izuchukwu, Ameh Oguche Sunday

Bullion

The paper establishes the relationship between monetary policy and inflation.

A Global Currency For A Global Economy: Getting From Here To There, Warren Coats

Warren Coats

In this paper Dr. Warren Coats proposes stabilizing the value of money by linking it to an independently defined unit of account with a relatively constant real value. A common unit of account would lower the cost of trading by reducing transaction and information costs and would increase world trade and improve the efficiency of international resource allocation. The unit he suggests, a commodity basket, would not have the shortcomings that afflict the gold standard-gold's fluctuating relative value. The link between money and this unit that he suggests, fixing the value of a unit of money in terms of the …

Was Money Really Easy Under Greenspan?, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel, David R. Henderson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Was Money Really Easy Under Greenspan?, David R. Henderson, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel

Jeffrey Rogers Hummel

No abstract provided.

A Monetary Policy Framework For Sudan, Warren Coats

Warren Coats

This short overview of the money supply process and the central bank's control of the money supply is tailored to the situation of Southern Sudan, now the independent country of South Sudan.

The Early History Of The Central Bank Of Bosnia And Herzegovina, Warren Coats

Warren Coats

The CBBH opened its doors for business on August 11, 1997 with monetary liabilities of DM 132,584,030.72 million and an equal amount of foreign currency assets. Over ten months later, by the end of June 1998, the CBBH’s monetary liabilities were DM 123 million, a modest decline. By the end of 1998, however, the size of the central bank had jumped to DM 254 million, almost double its opening size. It has grown very rapidly ever since and by the end of 2002, the CBBH’s foreign currency assets stood at DM 2.5 billion—a truly astounding growth.

Dirty Money, Gabriele Camera

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

An inter-governmental body is encouraging the replacement of currency with the objective of discouraging illegal economic activities. This policy is analyzed in a search-theoretic model where individuals choose legal or illegal production, settle trades via monetary or costly intermediated exchange, and where the government imperfectly monitors monetary transactions. Stationary monetary equilibria with both legal and illegal production exist, in which case the over-provision of currency may increment the extent of illegal production. This result holds also in the presence of intermediated exchange of legal goods. Equilibria with differing transaction patterns and degrees of illicit activities coexist.

Electronic Money: Developments And Issues, Warren Coats

Warren Coats

What is electronic money and what issues does its use raise for users, issuers, regulators, and monetary authorities?

The Demand For Money Function In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, F.O. Oresotu, C.N.O. Mordi

CBN Occasional Papers

This paper provides further empirical evidence on the nature of the demand for money function in Nigeria for the period 1960-1991. The paper also addressed the issue of the appropriate adjustment process, structural stability of the estimated equations, as well as the influence of external factors on money demand function in an open economy, such as Nigeria. The main conclusions which emerged from the analysis are that, the real adjustment mechanism appeared to be the most appropriate adjustment process for modelling money demand in Nigeria; the influence of external variables like the foreign interest rate and exchange rate should not …

Statistical Section (December 1983), Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

This is a statistical representation of economic activities in Nigeria in 1983

Statistical Section (March 1983), Central Bank Of Nigeria Cbn

Economic and Financial Review

This is a statistical representation of economic activities in Nigeria during the first quarter of 1983