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Articles 781 - 810 of 910
Full-Text Articles in Other Anthropology
Animal Welfare And Individual Characteristics: A Conversation Against Speciesism, Marc Bekoff, Lori Gruen
Animal Welfare And Individual Characteristics: A Conversation Against Speciesism, Marc Bekoff, Lori Gruen
Animal Welfare Collection
It seems impossible for a human being not to have some point of view concerning nonhuman animal (hereafter animal) welfare. Many people make decisions about how humans are permitted to treat animals using speciesist criteria, basing their decisions on an individual's species membership rather than on that animal's individual characteristics. Although speciesism provides a convenient way for making difficult decisions about who should be used in different types of research, we argue that such decisions should rely on an analysis of individual characteristics and should not be based merely on species membership. We do not argue that the concept of …
Of Diagnoses And Discrimination: Discriminatory Nontreatment Of Infants With Hiv Infection, Mary Crossley
Of Diagnoses And Discrimination: Discriminatory Nontreatment Of Infants With Hiv Infection, Mary Crossley
Articles
Evidence of physician attitudes favoring the withholding of needed medical treatment from infants infected with HIV compels a reassessment of the applicability and adequacy of existing law in dealing with selective nontreatment. Although we can hope to have learned some lessons from the Baby Doe controversy of the mid-1980s, whether the legislation emerging from that controversy, the Child Abuse Amendments of 1984, has ever adequately dealt with the problem of nontreatment remains far from clear. Today, the medical and social characteristics of most infants infected with HIV introduce new variables into our assessment of that legislation. At stake are the …
Animals, Archetypes, And Popular Culture: Tales From The Tabloid Press, Harold A. Herzog, Shelley L. Galvin
Animals, Archetypes, And Popular Culture: Tales From The Tabloid Press, Harold A. Herzog, Shelley L. Galvin
Entertainment Collection
This paper characterizes the portrayal of animals and human-animal relations in one genre of American popular culture—the “supermarket” tabloid press. A total of 789 animal-related stories and photographs in 82 issues of four tabloid magazines were analyzed according to theme. The items fell into nine categories in which animals were portrayed as objects of affection, saviors, threats, victims, things to be used, sex objects, imaginary and mythological beings, surrogate humans, and objects of wonder. It is argued that these themes represent archetypes reflecting the roles that animals have had in human cultural and psychological life since the historical origins of …
"No Tobacco, No Hallelujah" , Terence E. Hays
"No Tobacco, No Hallelujah" , Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
According to myths and legends told by some peoples of New Guinea, tobacco is an ancient and indigenous plant, having appeared sponotaneously in a variety of ways. In other instances, the plant and the custom of smoking it are said to have been established by local culture heroes, while still other traditions prosaically cite adoptions from neighboring groups. On the basis of oral history alone, then, one might conclude that New Guinea tobacco appeared in widely scattered locations in the mythic past, and its distribution at the time of European contact is explainable as simple diffusion within the region.
Puppy Mills Exposed
Close Up Reports
Thousands of dogs, unloved, starving, ill-housed; thousands of puppies, shipped like so much merchandise at too young an age; thousands of consumers, unknowingly buying sick dogs: these are the grim truths of the puppy-mill trade.
Gender, Sex Role Orientation, And Attitudes Toward Animals, Harold A. Herzog Jr., Nancy S. Betchart, Robert B. Pittman
Gender, Sex Role Orientation, And Attitudes Toward Animals, Harold A. Herzog Jr., Nancy S. Betchart, Robert B. Pittman
Attitudes Towards Animals Collection
To examine the relationship among gender, sex role orientation, and attitudes toward the treatment of animals, 144 male and 222 female college students were administered the Bem Sex Role Inventory, a Likert-scale questionnaire designed to assess attitudes toward animal welfare issues, and a measure of perceived comfort touching animals of a variety of species. There were significant gender differences on all of the animal-related measures with the exception of self-reported comfort touching positively perceived animals. Gender and the expressive (feminine) dimension of sex role orientation accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in attitudes toward animal welfare issues and …
National Wildlife Refuges - A Cruel Hoax
Review Of Early Prehistoric Agriculture In The American Southwest, By W. H. Wills. Santa Fe, New Mexico: School Of American Research Press, 1988. 196 Pages., Alan J. Osborn
Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications
Last paragraph:
Wills's book provides archeologists with an innovative account of why and how past hunter-gatherers initially expanded their food-getting activities to include the cultivation of domesticated crops. His study makes use of a variety of subjects including r- and K-selection, density-dependent responses, risk minimization, the forager-collector continuum, maize phenology, Holocene environments, technological change, stylistic variation, social boundaries, and mating networks. Wills also offers new information and reassessments of the archeological record at Bat, Tularosa, Cordova, and Cienega Creek caves in the Mogollon highlands. He approaches the archeological literature for the American Southwest with healthy skepticism. And he challenges many …
Animal Rights Vs. Humanism: The Charge Of Speciesism, Kenneth J. Shapiro
Animal Rights Vs. Humanism: The Charge Of Speciesism, Kenneth J. Shapiro
Animal Welfare Collection
The present article examines a concern I have had for some time about the compatibility of humanistic psychology with the emerging animal rights movement. Beyond working out my position, the paper has the additional educational and, frankly, political purpose of bringing animal rights issues to the attention of humanistic psychologists.
The article applies certain concepts of contemporary animal rights philosophy, notably "speciesism," to both the philosophy of humanism and humanistic psychology. While on a philosophical level, certain concepts are discussed that would likely block a rapprochement, I feel that humanistic psychologists as individuals are likely to extend their compassion to …
Remember The Elephants ... Forget Ivory
Animal Companions--The Promise Kept; The Problems Broken
Animal Companions--The Promise Kept; The Problems Broken
Close Up Reports
The powerful bond between people and dogs and cats is accompanied by serious ethical obligations on our part.
Fight Against Pets In Research Gains Momentum
Fight Against Pets In Research Gains Momentum
Close Up Reports
Now is the time to unite to save our pets
Animal Brutality For Fun And Profit
Animal Brutality For Fun And Profit
Close Up Reports
HSUS field staff cracks down on bizarre animal spectacles
Pet Shops: The Unseen Suffering
Pet Shops: The Unseen Suffering
Close Up Reports
The HSUS exposes cruelties behind closed doors
Dogfighters On The Run: The Hsus Spurs Police Crackdown
Dogfighters On The Run: The Hsus Spurs Police Crackdown
Close Up Reports
How can anyone derive satisfaction from watching two dogs tear each other apart? How can anyone sit for hours, not only watching but cheering every wound, every broken leg or mangled eye?
We can only guess the answers to such questions. What we do know is that every weekend, hundreds of men, women, and children attend dogfights, enjoying the blood and excitement of dogs matched to the death and even wagering on the outcome. Virtually anyplace--a vacant garage, warehouse, apartment building basement, or city park--can house a dog pit. A picturesque farmhouse or barn may hold hundreds of spectators brought …
Trapping Agony Continues: The Hsus Fights To End The Anguish
Trapping Agony Continues: The Hsus Fights To End The Anguish
Close Up Reports
Despite the fact that the steel-jaw leghold trap has been outlawed in dozens of civilized nations, each year in the United States, its vicious jaws maim and kill an estimated 15 million animals. For wild creatures that have no owners awaiting their return, their cries of anguish go unheard and unanswered.
The Case For Hunting, William L. Robinson
The Case For Hunting, William L. Robinson
Hunting Collection
My purpose at this symposium is to present the case for hunting. I am a wildlife ecologist by training and profession, and I am also a hunter. As a hunter, I am sensitive to criticisms of this pursuit, as any hunter should be. Some people question how, with knowledge of the nature and functioning of ecological systems, I can go out with a gun and kill grouse, ducks, and deer. I respond that, indeed, my understanding of ecology and the nature of man enhances my enjoyment of hunting.
The Case For Hunting On National Wildlife Refuges, Harvey K. Nelson
The Case For Hunting On National Wildlife Refuges, Harvey K. Nelson
Hunting Collection
Public land management agencies are faced with greater challenges today than ever before in responding to the recreational needs of society. As Will Rogers so aptly stated, "Land, they make so little of it nowadays" (Steinhart 1986). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) also must face these challenges in management of national wildlife refuges (NWRs). There is a growing demand by the American people to utilize and enjoy NWRs in a variety of ways. Managers are faced with the dilemma of determining how much and what kind of management and utilization of natural resources is appropriate without compromising the …
Human/Farm Animal Relationships, Jack L. Albright
Human/Farm Animal Relationships, Jack L. Albright
Agribusiness Collection
There are various combinations of human beings and farm animals. This paper attempts to evaluate those few studies of humans handling farm animals within a prescribed environment. Personality traits of dairy farmers and livestock people as determined by the Eysenck Personality Inventory (Eysenck 1977) need further study (Seabrook 1974; Arave and Brown 1979). Seabrook's sample size was small (20 herds) and these herds were criticized for having low yields while Arave and Brown's questionnaire did not go far enough.
Providing Humane Stewardship For Wildlife: The Case Against Sport Hunting, John W. Grandy
Providing Humane Stewardship For Wildlife: The Case Against Sport Hunting, John W. Grandy
Hunting Collection
Sport hunting has no place on the National Wildlife Refuges of this nation. To even consider it is an affront to the concept of a Refuge, the right of wild animals to safe haven, and the wishes of society The question of sport hunting in society at large is slightly more complex because society, its thoughts and values, are evolving. Thankfully, we are moving more and more to a view that wildlife should be treated with the same dignity, respect, and freedom from avoidable cruelty that we would ask for ourselves. That process can be moved miles ahead if we …