Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Identifying Correlates And Determinants Of Physical Activity In Youth: How Can We Advance The Field?, Andrew J. Atkin, Esther M. F Van Sluijs, James Dollman, Wendell C. Taylor, Rebecca M. Stanley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This commentary provides a critical discussion of current research investigating the correlates and determinants of physical activity in young people, with specific focus on conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues. We draw on current child and adolescent literature and our own collective expertise to illustrate our discussion. We conclude with recommendations that will strengthen future research and help to advance the field.

Persuasive Technology In Mobile Applications Promoting Physical Activity: A Systematic Review, John Matthews, Khin Than Win, Harri Oinas-Kukkonen, Mark Freeman

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Persuasive technology in mobile applications can be used to influence the behaviour of users. A framework known as the Persuasive Systems Design model has been developed for designing and evaluating systems that influence the attitudes or behaviours of users. This paper reviews the current state of mobile applications for health behavioural change with an emphasis on applications that promote physical activity. The inbuilt persuasive features of mobile applications were evaluated using the Persuasive Systems Design model. A database search was conducted to identify relevant articles. Articles were then reviewed using the Persuasive Systems Design model as a framework for analysis. …

Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines For Children And Youth: An Integration Of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, And Sleep, Mark S. Tremblay, Valerie Carson, Jean-Phillipe Chaput, Sarah Connor Gorber, Thy Dinh, Mary Duggan, Guy Faulkner, Casey E. Gray, Reut Gruber, Katherine Janson, Ian Janssen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Michelle E. Kho, Amy E. Latimer-Cheung, Claire Leblanc, Anthony D. Okely, Timothy Olds, Russell R. Pate, Andrea Phillips, Veronica Poitras, Sophie Rodenburg, Margaret Sampson, Travis J. Saunders, James A. Stone, Gareth Stratton, Shelly K. Weiss, Lori Zehr

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Leaders from the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology convened representatives of national organizations, content experts, methodologists, stakeholders, and end-users who followed rigorous and transparent guideline development procedures to create the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep. These novel guidelines for children and youth aged 5-17 years respect the natural and intuitive integration of movement behaviours across the whole day (24-h period). The development process was guided by the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument and systematic reviews of evidence informing the guidelines were assessed using the …

Large-Scale Investment In Green Space As An Intervention For Physical Activity, Mental And Cardiometabolic Health: Study Protocol For A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation Of A Natural Experiment, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Xiaoqi Feng, Gregory Kolt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Introduction 'Green spaces' such as public parks are regarded as determinants of health, but evidence from tends to be based on cross-sectional designs. This protocol describes a study that will evaluate a large-scale investment in approximately 5280 hectares of green space stretching 27 km north to south in Western Sydney, Australia. Methods and analysis A Geographic Information System was used to identify 7272 participants in the 45 and Up Study baseline data (2006-2008) living within 5 km of the Western Sydney Parklands and some of the features that have been constructed since 2009, such as public access points, advertising billboards, …

Longitudinal Associations Between Sports Participation, Body Composition And Physical Activity From Childhood To Adolescence, Laura Basterfield, Jessica K. Reilly, Mark S. Pearce, Kathryn N. Parkinson, Ashley J. Adamson, John J. Reilly, Stewart A. Vella

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: Several important research questions have been addressed: (1) What are the cross-sectional associations between sports club participation, objectively measured physical activity, and adiposity? (2) Do measures of physical activity and adiposity predict subsequent sports club participation? (3) Does sports club participation predict subsequent measures of physical activity and adiposity? and (4) Do changes in sports club participation predict changes in objective measures of physical activity and adiposity? Design: Longitudinal and cross-sectional. Methods: Data from the Gateshead Millennium Study birth cohort (. n=. 609 at age 7 years) were analysed for associations between adiposity, sports club participation and accelerometer-measured physical …

Modelling The Contribution Of Walking Between Home And School To Daily Physical Activity In Primary Age Children, Rebecca M. Stanley, Carol Maher, James Dollman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

The purpose of this study was to identify the independent association of frequency of walking trips between home and school with daily physical activity in a sample of school-aged children.

Methods

Participants were 109 children (mean age = 12.05 years [±0.71]) attending nine primary schools in Adelaide, South Australia. Physical activity was derived from accelerometers with total counts as the outcome variable. Transport patterns were self-reported for each of the previous five school days. Walking trips were summed for each day and across the school week. The relationship between the number of active transport journeys and individual school day …

Preschool Children's Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning By Embodying Words Through Physical Activity And Gesturing, Konstantina Toumpaniari, Sofie M. M Loyens, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Research has demonstrated that physical activity involving gross motor activities can lead to better cognitive functioning and higher academic achievement scores. In addition, research within the theoretical framework of embodied cognition has shown that embodying knowledge through the use of more subtle motor activities, such as task-relevant gestures, has a positive effect on learning. In this study, we investigated whether combining both physical activities and gestures could improve learning even more in a 4-week intervention program on foreign language vocabulary learning in preschool children. The main hypothesis that learning by embodying words through task-relevant enactment gestures and physical activities would …

The Influence Of Neighbourhood Green Space On Children's Physical Activity And Screen Time: Findings From The Longitudinal Study Of Australian Children, Taren Sanders, Xiaoqi Feng, Paul P. Fahey, Chris Lonsdale, Thomas Astell-Burt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: It is often hypothesised that neighbourhood green space may help prevent well-known declines in physical activity and increases in sedentary behaviour that occur across childhood. As most studies in this regard are cross-sectional, the purpose of our study was to use longitudinal data to examine whether green space promotes active lifestyles as children grow older. Methods: Data came from participants (n=4983; age=4-5) of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, a nationally representative study on health and child development. Physical activity and screen time were measured biennially (2004-2012) using questionnaires and time use diaries. Quantity of neighbourhood green space was …

Healthy Recovery: An Opportunity To Address Smoking, Diet And Physical Activity As Part Of Alcohol And Other Substance Abuse Treatment, Peter James Kelly

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract of a workshop at the ADDICTION 2015: the Australian & New Zealand Addiction Conference, Gold Coast, Australia, 20-22 May.

The Case Studies: Chat In Use - Case Study 13.1 Designing An Effective Undergraduate Vocal Pedagogy Environment: A Case Of Cultural-Historical Activity Approach In A Singing Course, Irina Verenikina, Lotte Latukefu

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This chapter draws on six case studies of pedagogy with technology in Higher Education. The studies are chosen because they illustrate how the use of technology impacts on pedagogy in these contexts. While the cases are drawn from different levels of higher education (undergraduate to postgraduate) they are woven together by a shared framework: namely, the use of CHAT to explore pedagogical innovation with technology. One of the significant strengths of CHAT, all studies will argue, lies in its ability to situate goal-directed action within the larger context of a motive-directed activity. That is, its explanatory power lies in situating …

Diarylacylhydrazones: Clostridium-Selective Antibacterials With Activity Against Stationary-Phase Cells, Chao Chen, Naveen K. Dolla, Gabriele Casadei, John B. Bremner, Kim Lewis, Michael J. Kelso

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Current antibiotics for treating Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), that is, metronidazole, vancomycin and more recently fidaxomicin, are mostly effective but treatment failure and disease relapse remain as significant clinical problems. The shortcomings of these agents are attributed to their low selectivity for C. difficile over normal gut microflora and their ineffectiveness against C. difficile spores. This Letter reports that certain diarylacylhydrazones identified during a high-throughput screening/counter-screening campaign show selective activity against two Clostridium species (C. difficile and Clostridium perfringens) over common gut commensals. Representative examples are shown to possess activity similar to vancomycin against clinical C. difficile strains and to …

Measuring Adolescent Boys' Physical Activity: Bout Length And The Influence Of Accelerometer Epoch Length, Taren Sanders, Dylan Cliff, Chris Lonsdale

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives

Accurate, objective measurement is important for understanding adolescents' physical activity (PA) behaviour. When using accelerometry to objectively measure PA, a decision must be made regarding how frequently data is recorded (i.e., epoch length). The purpose of this study was to examine i) PA bout length, and ii) the effect of variations in accelerometer epoch length on PA estimates during physical education (PE) and leisure time in adolescent boys.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Year 9 boys (N=133; mean age ±SD =14.36±0.48 years) wore accelerometers during two PE lessons, and for a period of seven consecutive days. Data were reintegrated from …

Development And Psychometric Properties Of The Y-Pass Questionnaire To Assess Correlates Of Lunchtime And After-School Physical Activity In Children, Rebecca M. Stanley, Kate Ridley, Timothy Olds, James Dollman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

To frame interventions, it is useful to understand context- and time-specific correlates of children’s physical activity. To do this, we need accurate assessment of these correlates. There are currently no measures that assess correlates at all levels of the social ecological model, contain items that are specifically worded for the lunchtime and/or after-school time periods, and assess correlates that have been conceptualised and defined by children. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the lunchtime and after-school Youth Physical Activity Survey for Specific Settings (Y-PASS) questionnaires.

Methods

The Y-PASS questionnaire was administered …

Increasing Specificity Of Correlate Research: Exploring Correlates Of Children's Lunchtime And After-School Physical Activity, Rebecca M. Stanley, Kate Ridley, Timothy Olds, James Dollman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background The lunchtime and after-school contexts are critical windows in a school day for children to be physically active. While numerous studies have investigated correlates of children's habitual physical activity, few have explored correlates of physical activity occurring at lunchtime and after-school from a social-ecological perspective. Exploring correlates that influence physical activity occurring in specific contexts can potentially improve the prediction and understanding of physical activity. Using a context-specific approach, this study investigated correlates of children's lunchtime and after-school physical activity. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from 423 South Australian children aged 10.0-13.9 years (200 boys; 223 girls) attending 10 …

Promoting Awareness, Knowledge Of And Compliance With The National Children's Physical Activity Guidelines, Lyn Phillipson, Danika Hall, Anthony D. Okely, Sandra C. Jones, Dylan Cliff, Jeong Kyu Lee, Stewart Vella, M Chapman, Lisa Franco, T Kirk-Downey

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at be active 2014, 15-18 October 2014, National Convention Centre, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

Embodying Cognition In The Classroom: A New Approach To Foster Physical Activity And Learning, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Fred Paas, Anthony D. Okely, Paul Chandler

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at be active 2014, Incorporating the Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, the National Sports Injury Prevention Conference, and the National Physical Activity Conference, Canberra, Australia, 15-18 October 2014.

Physical Activity And Sedentary Guidelines; What Are The Similarities And Differences Across The Globe?, Anne-Maree Parrish, Stewart Vella, Anthony D. Okely, Dylan Cliff

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 2014 Global Summit on the Physical Activity of Children, held in Toronto, May 19-22, 2014

Improved Workflow Modelling Using Role Activity Diagram-Based Modelling With Application To A Radiology Service Case Study, Nagesh Shukla, John Keast, Darek Ceglarek

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The modelling of complex workflows is an important problem-solving technique within healthcare settings. However, currently most of the workflow models use a simplified flow chart of patient flow obtained using on-site observations, groupbased debates and brainstorming sessions, together with historic patient data. This paper presents a systematic and semi-automatic methodology for knowledge acquisition with detailed process representation using sequential interviews of people in the key roles involved in the service delivery process. The proposed methodology allows the modelling of roles, interactions, actions, and decisions involved in the service delivery process. This approach is based on protocol generation and analysis techniques …

Pace: A Group Randomised Controlled Trial To Increase Children's Break-Time Playground Physical Activity, Anne-Maree Parrish, Anthony D. Okely, Marijka Batterham, Dylan P. Cliff, Christopher A. Magee

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at Be Active 2014, 15-18 October 2014, Canberra, Australia.

The Impact Of Neighbourhood Crime On Physical Activity: Evidence From 203,883 Australians, Gregory Kolt, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Xiaoqi Feng

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at Be Active 2014, 15-18 October 2014, Canberra, Australia

Single-Sex After-School Physical Activity Programs For Overweight And At-Risk Children: The Wollongong Sport Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial, Dylan Cliff, Jacqueline Kelly, Rachel Jones, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 2014 Global Summit on the Physical Activity of Children, held in Toronto, May 19-22, 2014.

Volumes And Bouts Of Sedentary Behavior And Physical Activity: Associations With Cardiometabolic Health In Obese Children, Dylan P. Cliff, Rachel A. Jones, Tracy L. Burrows, Philip J. Morgan, Clare E. Collins, Louise A. Baur, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To examine associations of volumes and bouts of sedentary behavior (SED) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with individual and clustered cardio-metabolic outcomes in overweight/obese children. Design and Methods: Cross-sectional data from 120 overweight/obese children (8.3±1.1y, 62% girls, 74% obese) with SED and MVPA assessed using accelerometry. Children were categorised into quartiles of mean bouts.day^-1 of SED (10, 20, and 30min) and MVPA (5, 10, and 15min). Associations with triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, insulin, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and clustered cardio-metabolic risk (cMet) were examined using linear regression, adjusted for confounders. Results: Independent of MVPA, SED volume was inversely associated …

Relative Validity Of 3 Accelerometer Models For Estimating Energy Expenditure During Light Activity, Alexander Allan Wetten, Marijka Batterham, Sze Yen Tan, Linda Tapsell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: With physical inactivity inextricably linked to the increasing prevalence of obesity, there is a need for validated methods that measure free-living energy expenditure (EE) within sedentary environments. While accelerometers enable these measurements, few studies have compared device accuracy in such settings. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative validity of the Actigraph, RT3 and SenseWear Armband (SWA). Methods: Twenty-three (11 male, 12 female) participants (age: 25.3 ± 6.3 yr; BMI: 22.6 ± 2.7) wore 3 accelerometers at designated sites during a 4-hour stay in the Whole Room Calorimeter (WRC). Participants performed 2 10-minute bouts of light-intensity …

A New Protoberberine Alkaloid From Meconopsis Simplicifolia (D. Don) Walpers With Potent Antimalarial Activity Against A Multidrug Resistant Plasmodium Falciparum Strain, Phurpa Wangchuk, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne, Wilford Lie, Anthony C. Willis, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Ethnopharmacological relevance The aerial components of Meconopsis simplicifolia (D. Don) Walpers are indicated in Bhutanese traditional medicine for treating malaria, coughs and colds, and the infections of the liver, lung and blood. This study is to validate the ethnopharmacological uses of this plant and also identify potent antimalarial drug leads through bioassays of its crude extracts and phytochemical constituents.

Materials and methods Meconopsis simplicifolia (D. Don) Walpers was collected from Bhutan and its crude MeOH extract was subjected to acid-base fractionation. Through repeated extractions, separations and spectroscopic analysis, the alkaloids obtained were identified and tested for their antimalarial and cytotoxicity …

Impact Of Community-Based Participatory Initiative On Children's Pedometer-Determined Physical Activity, Rahma Ajja, Rohan Shah, Falon Tilley, R Glenn Weaver, Daria Winnicka, Morgan Hughey, Collin A. Webster, Aaron Beighle, Russell R. Pate, Ruth Saunders, Michael W. Beets

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of poster that presented at 2013 AAHPERD National Convention & Exposition, Charlotte, NC , 23-27 April 2013.

A Comprehensive Coordinated Approach To Increasing Physical Activity In Afterschool Programs, Morgan Hughey, R Glenn Weaver, Falon Tilley, Rahma Ajja, Rohan Shah, Daria Winnicka, Collin A. Webster, Aaron Beighle, Russell R. Pate, Ruth Saunders, Michael W. Beets

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of poster that presented at 2013 AAHPERD National Convention & Exposition, Charlotte, NC , 23-27 April 2013.

Competency-Based Professional Development Training Impact On Physical Activity Promotion, R Glenn Weaver, Falon Tilley, Rahma Ajja, Rohan Shah, Daria Winnicka, Morgan Hughey, Collin A. Webster, Aaron Beighle, Russell R. Pate, Ruth Saunders, Michael W. Beets

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of poster that presented at 2013 AAHPERD National Convention & Exposition, Charlotte, NC , 23-27 April 2013.

The Effects Of Inhibitory Control Training On Alcohol Consumption, Implicit Alcohol-Related Cognitions And Brain Electrical Activity, Claire Bowley, Cameron Faricy, Bronwyn Hegarty, Stuart J. Johnstone, Janette L. Smith, Peter J. Kelly, Jacqueline A. Rushby

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to replicate findings that alcohol consumption and positive implicit beer-related cognitions can be reduced using inhibitory control (IC) training, with the addition of an active training control. Frontal EEG asymmetry, an objective psychophysiological index of approach motivation, was used as a dependent measure to examine training outcomes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two IC training conditions (Beer NoGo or Beer Go) or a Brief Alcohol Intervention (BAI) (i.e. the active training control). The IC training tasks consistently paired a stimulus that required a response with images of water (Beer NoGo) or images of beer (Beer …

Measuring The Spatiotemporal Profiles Of Neuronal Activity And Bold In Early Visual Cortex Using High Resolution Fmri, Mark M. Schira, Michael Breakspear, K M. Aquino

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Australian Neuroscience Society Inc 33rd Annual Meeting, 3-6 Feb 2013, Melbourne, Australia

Eeg Activity In Children With Asperger's Syndrome, Adam Clarke, Robert Barry, Franca Dupuy, Rory Mccarthy, Mark Selikowitz

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 23rd Australasian Society for Psychophysiology Conference, 20-22 Nov 2013, Wollongong, Australia