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University of Tennessee, Knoxville

2022

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Articles 1 - 30 of 170

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

For The Poor, It Was Just Friday: The Implicit Focus On Middle-Class Habitus In Conceptualizing Disaster, Amy Sorensen, Shelley Koch Dec 2022

For The Poor, It Was Just Friday: The Implicit Focus On Middle-Class Habitus In Conceptualizing Disaster, Amy Sorensen, Shelley Koch

Critical Disaster Studies

The importance of the academic study of disaster is in its potential application to policy and practice in times of dire circumstance and human suffering. In this paper, we situate the Covid-19 pandemic as an exemplar for an exploration of “disaster” using a framework that connects sociological theory and critical disaster studies. We use a Bourdieusian approach to situate the re-stabilization of the middle class habitus as implicitly central to disaster mitigation strategies. This theoretical approach illuminates the disconnect between critical disaster studies and on-the-ground disaster recovery approaches. It is this disconnect that leads to the disparate impact of disaster …

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Sport Isn’T Sacred And Analytics Isn’T New: Challenging Common Notions About Sports Analytics, Grant Morgan, Marshall Magnusen Dec 2022

Sport Isn’T Sacred And Analytics Isn’T New: Challenging Common Notions About Sports Analytics, Grant Morgan, Marshall Magnusen

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The authors add to the debate about whether sport and numbers can cohabitate in modern day athletics, three areas are explored (albeit briefly) in the present paper. The first area focuses on the newness (or lack thereof) of analytics. The second area focuses the objectivity of analytics. The third area focuses on the idea that athletic competition is somehow sacred and should not be soiled by applying various statistical methods to practical sport performance problems.

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Psychological Determinants Of Physical Activity And The Prediction Of Physical Activity Levels In African American Men, Alvin L. Morton Iii Dec 2022

Psychological Determinants Of Physical Activity And The Prediction Of Physical Activity Levels In African American Men, Alvin L. Morton Iii

Doctoral Dissertations

African American (AA) men experience disproportionally higher rates of non-communicable, chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular, type 2 diabetes, and renal failure) than White men. Physical activity (PA) is known to reduce the progression of CVD, type 2 diabetes, and renal failure. National statistics illustrate that AA men are less likely to get sufficient levels of PA to obtain health benefits. Although many factors (e.g., biomedical, socio-cultural) influence participation in PA, the psychological factors at the individual level are essential to beginning and maintaining activity. Therefore, understanding the psychological determinants of PA in AA men and their associations with meeting national guidelines …

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Coping Styles As Potential Mediators In The Relationships Between Morally Injurious Events, Moral Injury, And Meaning-Making, Marjorie A. Perkins Dec 2022

Coping Styles As Potential Mediators In The Relationships Between Morally Injurious Events, Moral Injury, And Meaning-Making, Marjorie A. Perkins

Doctoral Dissertations

Exposure to morally injurious events has consistently been correlated with negative mental health outcomes for military servicemembers and veterans (Bryan et al., 2014; Currier et al., 2015a; Currier et al., 2015b; Currier et al., 2017; Dennis et al., 2017; Jordan et al., 2017; Maguen et al., 2009, 2010; Maguen, Vogt et al., 2011; Nash et al., 2013). However, some servicemembers and veterans may experience a deeper sense of understanding of the event and/or growth after a potentially morally injurious experience through a process called meaning-making (Park, 2013). The present study seeks to examine the relationship between individual coping styles and …

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Research Data Management Policy & Organizational Compliance: An Exploratory Study In The Academic Context, Monica Inez Ihli Dec 2022

Research Data Management Policy & Organizational Compliance: An Exploratory Study In The Academic Context, Monica Inez Ihli

Doctoral Dissertations

Research data management (RDM) describes a broad array of processes and activities aimed at ensuring that data are documented, organized, findable, and preserved for future access. In January 2023, the National Institutes of Health will begin enforcing the strictest data management requirements of a U.S. federal agency to date, including potential consequences for organizations whose researchers fail to demonstrate compliance with commitments to data management and sharing. This dissertation makes two major assessment-based contributions in support of organizational preparedness for policy compliance. First, it reports the results of a pilot study at a high research institution for a survey instrument, …

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An Exploration Of Photography As A Wellness Tool For Counselors-In-Training, Charaya Chontay Upton Dec 2022

An Exploration Of Photography As A Wellness Tool For Counselors-In-Training, Charaya Chontay Upton

Doctoral Dissertations

Counselors-in-training (CIT) often experience a myriad of challenges during their academic studies. From balancing time, finances, acclimating to a new environment, fears of being judged or receiving negative feedback (Patterson & Levitt, 2012; Prosek et al., 2013; Warren & Nash, 2019), CIT physical (Neviyarni et al., 2018), mental (Prosek et al., 2013), and overall wellness (Lenz et al., 2012) tend to be impacted negatively. For these reasons, Counselor Educators (CE) have used wellness models and assessments to assist in the educational journey; however, wellness practices continue to decline for both CIT and practicing counselors (Abel et al., 2012; Lenz et …

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Reconciling Self-Censorship: A Qualitative Study Of The Experiences Of University Staff And Administrators, Leigh C. Morales Dec 2022

Reconciling Self-Censorship: A Qualitative Study Of The Experiences Of University Staff And Administrators, Leigh C. Morales

Doctoral Dissertations

In addition to a global pandemic, the past three years have been marked by racial, social, and political unrest. These circumstances add meaningful context to examine and better understand factors that undermine free expression and contribute to self-censorship among university staff and administrators. To date, few studies have holistically explored the unique experiences of university staff and administrators with self-censorship and how this phenomenon affects their experience on college and university campuses. Understanding why staff and administrators choose to self-censor may allow for a deeper discussion about speech climate and the degree to which colleges and universities implement and uphold …

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Three Essays In Experimental And Behavioral Economics, Vasudha Chopra Dec 2022

Three Essays In Experimental And Behavioral Economics, Vasudha Chopra

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation presents three essays that use experimental economics methods. The first essay examines how behavior in inter-group contests is altered when players have incomplete information on their opponent. The game is a Tullock contest with heterogeneous groups (differences in cost-of-effort, prize value, and group-size), and players only know the probability their opponent is a particular type. For cost and value treatments, incomplete information increases effort in uneven contests but has no effect in even contests. Group-level effort is higher in group-size treatments, but incomplete information does not systematically alter effort. Overall, group-level effort is much higher than what standard …

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Election Day Registration And Same Day Registration In State Legislative Districts, Rachel Fuentes Dec 2022

Election Day Registration And Same Day Registration In State Legislative Districts, Rachel Fuentes

Doctoral Dissertations

Decades of research into the effects of voter registration requirements on turnout has found that voter registration disproportionately suppresses turnout among marginalized racial and socioeconomic groups that traditionally are represented by the Democratic Party. Research also shows that enacting Same Day or Election Day Registration (EDR/SDR) increases voter turnout for Democratic candidates in national elections. The conclusion drawn has been that EDR/SDR increases the representation of marginalized groups. The study in this paper challenges these findings in three ways. First, although EDR/SDR results in a larger total democratic vote, the claims of increased representation may be overstated. This study of …

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Intra-Skeletal Variation In Stable Isotopes Through Non-Destructive Approaches: Applications Of The Patterns Of Skeletal Remodeling To Biological Anthropology, Armando Anzellini Dec 2022

Intra-Skeletal Variation In Stable Isotopes Through Non-Destructive Approaches: Applications Of The Patterns Of Skeletal Remodeling To Biological Anthropology, Armando Anzellini

Doctoral Dissertations

Stable isotope analysis is a well-established method in biological anthropology used to deliver data on residence, diet, and life history. Samples for these analyses are often collected from the diaphyses of long bones with an assumption of an expected rate of turnover between five and ten years, depending on the skeletal element. However, the biological foundations of this assumption are still uncertain, especially concerning the intra-skeletal and intra-element variation of isotopic signatures that may relate to patterns of remodeling. Exploring these gaps in intra-element isotopic variation requires fine-grained work using multiple bones from multiple individuals, but such work is limited …

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Specificity Of Infant Statistical Word Segmentation, Sara Parvanezadeh Esfahani Dec 2022

Specificity Of Infant Statistical Word Segmentation, Sara Parvanezadeh Esfahani

Doctoral Dissertations

By their first birthday, infants develop sensitivity to language-general (e.g., transitional probability (TP) between syllables) and language-specific (e.g., lexical stress pattern) cues to identify word boundaries. Across 5 experiments, I investigated two questions: 1) how do English learning 8-month-old infants segment high TP (TP=1; HTP) words in non-native languages that have a different rhythm and prosody? 2) how do English learning 8-month-old infants represent nascent word representations across indexical (i.e., talker’s voice), segmental (i.e., onset consonant) and suprasegmental (i.e., stress pattern) information? To that end, in each experiment, using HTPP, I familiarized infants with a familiarization corpus with two embedded …

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Genealogy Tells: Informing Health And Aging Policies Using East Tennessean Older Women's Family Histories, Perceptions, And Experiences Of Health Inequity, Heather Davis Dec 2022

Genealogy Tells: Informing Health And Aging Policies Using East Tennessean Older Women's Family Histories, Perceptions, And Experiences Of Health Inequity, Heather Davis

Doctoral Dissertations

Older women face unique health inequities challenges. This study aims to provide an understanding of older women’s perceptions and situated experiences regarding the gendered health inequities they face and the social determinants (SDH) thereof. It examines how these health inequities are situated in older women’s genealogical (familial) and geographical health and mortality outcomes histories and how their perceptions and experiences of health inequities and their familial mortality outcomes histories are characterized by the geopolitical and social norms in which they live. The purpose of this project is to present policy and decision-makers with insights about and recommendations from older women …

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University Students’ Perspectives Of Visual-Based Cyberbullying On Instagram, Li-Min Huang Dec 2022

University Students’ Perspectives Of Visual-Based Cyberbullying On Instagram, Li-Min Huang

Doctoral Dissertations

Researchers have been investigating the cyberbullying phenomenon since the early 21st century. There is a substantial body of cyberbullying studies focused on text-based formats. However, studies revealed that visual-based social media platforms are more powerful than text-based platforms in affecting people’s emotions, causing significant psychological impact. Young adults ages 18-29 use visual-based social media heavily in their daily lives; therefore, visual cyberbullying on various sites has become a critical issue for this generation. Yet, the majority of existing cyberbullying studies focused on age groups under 18. The studies that did investigate this phenomenon among young adults focused mainly on text-based …

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Access Beyond Geographic Accessibility: Understanding Opportunities To Human Needs In A Physical-Virtual World, Jimmy Feng Dec 2022

Access Beyond Geographic Accessibility: Understanding Opportunities To Human Needs In A Physical-Virtual World, Jimmy Feng

Doctoral Dissertations

Access to basic human needs, such as food and healthcare, is conceptually understood to be comprised of multiple spatial and aspatial dimensions. However, research in this area has traditionally been explored with spatial accessibility measures that almost exclusively focus on just two dimensions. Namely, the availability of resources, services, and facilities, and the accessibility or ease to which locations of these opportunities can be reached with existing land-use and transport systems under temporal constraints and considering individual characteristics of people. These calculated measures are insufficient in holistically capturing available opportunities as they ignore other components, such as the emergence of …

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Mining Public Opinion On Covid-19 Vaccines Using Unstructured Social Media Data, Chad Aaron Melton Dec 2022

Mining Public Opinion On Covid-19 Vaccines Using Unstructured Social Media Data, Chad Aaron Melton

Doctoral Dissertations

The emergence of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), and the necessary separation of populations led to an unprecedented number of new social media users seeking information related to the pandemic. Nowadays, with an estimated 4.5 billion users worldwide, social media data offer an opportunity for near real-time analysis of large bodies of text related to disease outbreaks and vaccination. This study investigated and compared public discourse related to COVID-19 vaccines expressed on two popular social media platforms, Reddit and Twitter. Approximately 9.5 million Tweets and 70 thousand Reddit comments were analyzed from dates January 1, 2020, to March 1, 2022, and …

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Perspectives On The Sports Analytics Revolution: An Introduction To The Special Issue, Jun Kim Dec 2022

Perspectives On The Sports Analytics Revolution: An Introduction To The Special Issue, Jun Kim

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The goal of this special issue is to add to the academic literature on analytics by offering a diverse array of perspectives on the use of analytics and technology in sports. Sticking with the overall scope of the Journal of Applied Sport Management, the “think pieces” in this special issue are meant to be grounded in existing scholarship while allowing the invited authors a great deal of originality and flexibility to consider what may be coming next and how we, as sport professionals and scholars, can be prepared to meet the challenges and opportunities that are on the horizon.

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Analytical And Theoretical Perspectives On Sport-Related Vr Research: Spatial Presence Manipulation Guidelines, Jihoon Kim Dec 2022

Analytical And Theoretical Perspectives On Sport-Related Vr Research: Spatial Presence Manipulation Guidelines, Jihoon Kim

Journal of Applied Sport Management

As more scholars incorporate VR into their research, theoretical frameworks for empirical investigation and methodological guidelines for manipulation become more crucial. Because VR is a relatively new instrument and validating the implementation of VR can be challenging, scholars need to exercise caution when manipulating stimuli and measuring experimental conditions. Thus, the aim of the current essay is twofold: (a) address various methodological challenges (e.g., manipulation check) in recent VR studies and (b) discuss potential theoretical frameworks for future VR research in sport.

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Progressive Analytics Diffusions: Rewiring Our Software, Liz Wanless Dec 2022

Progressive Analytics Diffusions: Rewiring Our Software, Liz Wanless

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The sport industry is no stranger to the pursuit of innovation (Slack & Thurston, 2021). The sport analytics realm represents the continual emergence of innovation diffusion curves. This essay shows how innovating both research and education in response to diffusion curves in sport analytics, we can create the space to not only keep but also generate pace.

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Impact Analysis Of A Virtual Stadium: Measuring Sport In The Metaverse, Bradley J. Baker Dec 2022

Impact Analysis Of A Virtual Stadium: Measuring Sport In The Metaverse, Bradley J. Baker

Journal of Applied Sport Management

As sports teams enter the metaverse through launching virtual versions of their home stadiums, there is a pressing need to reimagine the stadium experience and how virtual stadiums differ from their physical counterparts. This review establishes a foundation for crucial conversations that can shape future research and managerial practice amidst an emerging trend in the sport industry.

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Morbidity, Mortality, And Marginalization: An Intersectional Investigation Of Respiratory Stress And Differential Frailty In Industrial-Era England, Derek A. Boyd Dec 2022

Morbidity, Mortality, And Marginalization: An Intersectional Investigation Of Respiratory Stress And Differential Frailty In Industrial-Era England, Derek A. Boyd

Doctoral Dissertations

Respiratory disease affects more than one billion people today, particularly in urbanizing areas of low- and middle-income countries due to overcrowding, air pollution, poor sanitation, and differential access to life-sustaining resources. We can look to the past to understand the social, economic, and environmental factors that influence respiratory disease burden among urban dwellers because conditions in the urbanizing areas of antiquity mimic those observed in lower- and middle-income countries today. This study explored the impact of classism, sexism, and regional inequalities on respiratory disease burden among urban dwellers with differing levels of social and economic marginalization in England during the …

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Layering Landscapes: Linguistic Commodification And Semiotic Layering In United States’ Recreational Spaces, Hannah Irene Soblo Dec 2022

Layering Landscapes: Linguistic Commodification And Semiotic Layering In United States’ Recreational Spaces, Hannah Irene Soblo

Doctoral Dissertations

In the process of linguistic landscaping, spaces are transformed into textual and semiotic representations linked to particular social uses, cultural meanings, and historic narratives. Recently, digital technology has been used to create additional layers of semiotic representation in linguistic landscapes. This dissertation investigates multiple layers of digital and physical representation at six United States’ park spaces, with a particular focus on heritage tourism sites, and analyzes the social meaning and narratives of tourism constructed both by individual layers and within their relationships. Photo-based methods are used to collect data, both by documenting the representations of sites as filtered through the …

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Sphenoidal Sinuses And Spherical Harmonics: Variation And Covariation Of The Most Morphologically Diverse And Least Understood Paranasal Sinus, Katharine Grace Josephine Ryan Dec 2022

Sphenoidal Sinuses And Spherical Harmonics: Variation And Covariation Of The Most Morphologically Diverse And Least Understood Paranasal Sinus, Katharine Grace Josephine Ryan

Doctoral Dissertations

Understanding the shape variation of the human sphenoidal sinus is important to several areas of research. This includes clinical investigation (sinus pathology and safe endoscopic endonasal surgical practice) and paranasal sinus evolution (for which there is still no consensus). Yet, the sphenoidal sinus has high morphological variation, prohibiting its quantification through traditional geometric morphometric landmarking methods. The sphenoid body, and thus also the sinus contained within, is located directly at the developmental center of the basicranium in humans, where the three cranial fossae meet at the midline, and adjacent to the three synchondroses which are the sites of cranial base …

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Conscientious Acceptance: The Impact Of Public Support On Conscription, Simon Rotzer Dec 2022

Conscientious Acceptance: The Impact Of Public Support On Conscription, Simon Rotzer

Doctoral Dissertations

“What makes a state maintain conscription, especially during peacetime?” – Conventional wisdom argues that forced recruitment is a practical and efficient tool to increase a country’s security, especially during episodes of high threat. However, the policy loses its appeal in times of peace when its downsides become more evident. Consequentially, it should be expected that states would rid themselves of the draft when there are no security-related reasons to keep it. Yet, empirical reality paints a different picture, with more than half of all conscription cases existing under no active threat. This dissertation proposes that it is the support of …

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Body Size Interactions With Pubic Symphysis Age-At-Death Estimation: A Critical Analysis Of Senescence Of The Pubic Symphysis Components, Elizabeth A. Ronald Dec 2022

Body Size Interactions With Pubic Symphysis Age-At-Death Estimation: A Critical Analysis Of Senescence Of The Pubic Symphysis Components, Elizabeth A. Ronald

Masters Theses

Biological anthropologists struggle with accuracy and precision during age-at-death estimation when attempting to correlate biological age with chronological age, especially in older adults. Research has shown that intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause this discrepancy. Anthropologists have recently found that body size may affect age-at-death estimation, with larger individuals being more commonly overaged and smaller individuals being underaged (Merritt, 2019; Wescott and Drew, 2015). This study elaborates on previous work in three ways. First, by applying Hartnett’s (2010) pubic symphysis phase method as the age-at-death estimation method used, which has not been assessed for body size interactions and is likely …

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Where Analytics Gets It Wrong, Nicholas Watanabe, Johan Rewilak Dec 2022

Where Analytics Gets It Wrong, Nicholas Watanabe, Johan Rewilak

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The authors will discuss the emergence of analytics, and outline with examples, certain problems that plague both academics and practitioners in their approach to using sport analytics.

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Professional Sports Organizations And Business Analytics: Monopoly Power Vs Debt Financing, Mike Troilo, Adrien Bouchet Dec 2022

Professional Sports Organizations And Business Analytics: Monopoly Power Vs Debt Financing, Mike Troilo, Adrien Bouchet

Journal of Applied Sport Management

In this essay, we consider the factors that explain the reticence of PSOs to be early adopters of analytics. We examine the relatively privileged position that professional sports franchises at the highest echelon in the U.S. and Canada enjoy and compare it the industry dynamics firms face in competitive environments. We remark upon the expansion of the league via debt financing, and why that promotes increased use of analytics. We also offer several propositions about the growth of analytics, and we conclude with some thoughts about what the future may hold for PSOs and analytics.

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Analytics And Igaming, Michael L. Naraine, Cheri Bradish Dec 2022

Analytics And Igaming, Michael L. Naraine, Cheri Bradish

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Analytics has become quite the buzzword, but its application to discover, interpret, and communicate meaningful patterns from voluminous, velocitous, and varied data still resonates in the sport industry, and has an incredibly important place in modern sports betting. Specifically, big data and analytics (BDA) can help address marketing issues as iGaming in North America enters its infancy and attempts to establish a mature marketplace. This article is dedicated to unpacking the iGaming model and uncovers where BDA could and should be applied to derive greater insights on sports betting consumer behavior.

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Disclosure Of Sexual Trauma To Romantic Partners: Examining Ptsd Clusters, Partner Reactions, Perceived Partner Responsiveness, And Relationship Satisfaction, Lynsey Hinnenkamp Dec 2022

Disclosure Of Sexual Trauma To Romantic Partners: Examining Ptsd Clusters, Partner Reactions, Perceived Partner Responsiveness, And Relationship Satisfaction, Lynsey Hinnenkamp

Masters Theses

The present study examined romantic relational outcomes among individuals who have experienced unwanted or forced sexual contact. Specifically, we explored the relationship between disclosure of sexual trauma to a romantic partner and relationship satisfaction among a sample (N = 214) of community participants, and examined whether PTSD clusters, partner reactions, and perceived partner responsiveness mediated that relationship. Individuals were recruited via announcements and flyers from community organizations and advertisements on social media. Participants completed a number of measures that assessed level of disclosure, PTSD symptoms, partner reactions to disclosure, perceived partner responsiveness, and relationship satisfaction in regards to the romantic …

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Ischiopubic Index: A Metric Approach To Estimating Sex In The Pelvic Region, Tripoli G. Mulvihill Dec 2022

Ischiopubic Index: A Metric Approach To Estimating Sex In The Pelvic Region, Tripoli G. Mulvihill

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

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The Rhythm Of The Land: Women’S Use Of Plants During The Pigeon Phase Of Magic Waters (31jk291) In Cherokee, North Carolina, Kelly Dean Santana Dec 2022

The Rhythm Of The Land: Women’S Use Of Plants During The Pigeon Phase Of Magic Waters (31jk291) In Cherokee, North Carolina, Kelly Dean Santana

Masters Theses

This thesis focuses on the paleoethnobotanical remains of the Pigeon phase village component of the Magic Waters site, 31JK291. The Pigeon phase represented the early Middle Woodland period in the western North Carolina region and spans from approximately 200 BC to AD 200, situated in between the earlier Swannanoa phase (1000 BC to 200 BC) and the later Connestee phase (AD 200 to AD 800; Ward and Davis 1999). The site of Magic Waters is located adjacent to Harrah’s Cherokee Casino and Hotel in Cherokee, Jackson County, North Carolina, among the Blue Ridge ecoregion of the Appalachian Summit. The site …

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