Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Michigan Advanced Practice Nursing Palliative Care Projec T, Kim Keubler, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

The emerging field of palliative care in the United States must respond to the health care needs of persons living and dying from advanced illness. The literature suggests that professional nursing education in palliative care is limited, inconsistent, and sometimes neglected. In response to these identified needs, the Michigan (MI) Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) Palliative Care Project was designed to integrate palliative education into existing graduate nursing curricula and to provide continuing education for postgraduate nurses.

The Alternative To Cswe's Traditional Reaffirmation Process: One Small Bsw Program's Experience, Crystal Moore, David Karp

Crystal Moore

This article reports on educational policy that allows well-established social work programs to use alternative methods for their self-study and reaffirmation processes. The policy was approved by the Council of Social Work Education's (CSWE) Commission on Accreditation and will allow programs to focus on their own strengths, goals, and objectives. The article discusses a baccalaureate social work program at a small liberal arts college and how it completed its own alternative self-study. Information is also provided on CSWE proposals and regulations, auditing, and community collaboration.

Surrogate Decision-Making: Judgment Standard Preferences Of Older Adults, Crystal Moore, J. Sparr, S. Sherman, Lisa Avery

Crystal Moore

This qualitative study examines the judgment standard preferences of older adults related to surrogate decision-making for medical treatment. Thirty community dwelling adults over the age of 60 were presented with scenarios that depicted three decision-making standards, two of which are the predominant legal standards (substituted judgment and best interests), and a proposed third standard that allows the surrogate to consider the interests of the family in the decision-making process (best judgment). Half of the sample preferred substituted judgment, five preferred best interests, and ten chose best judgment. Selected cases are presented that demonstrate the themes associated with each judgment standard …

The Caregiver–Provider Relationship Assessment: Measuring Family Caregivers’ Perceptions Of Relationship Quality With Health Care Providers, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

This article summarizes the development of the caregiver–provider relationship assessment (CPRA) designed to measure family caregivers’ perceptions of relationship quality with health care providers. Using an online sample of family caregivers (n = 156), the patient reactions assessment (PRA) was adapted for use with family caregivers and subjected to principal component and reliability analyses. Analyses indicate that the CPRA factor structure is analogous to the original PRA scale, and Cronbach’s α for the three CPRA subscales range from .85 to .91. The tool can be used by clinicians and researchers in efforts to help family caregivers become more effective …

Predicting Self-Protection Against Sexual Assault In Dating Relationships Among Heterosexual Men And Women, Gay Men, Lesbians, And Bisexuals, Caroline Waterman, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

To measure self-protective behavior on dates, the Dating Self-Protection Against Rape Scale (DSPARS) was developed. The relationship among previous sexual victimization, self-perceived risk for sexual assault, rape awareness education, gender of dating partner, and DSPARS scores was assessed among 152 college students. Results, implications, and limitations of the study are discussed.

Physician Orders For Life-Sustaining Treatment Form: Honoring End-Of-Life Directives For Nursing Home Residents For End Of Life Care: Preliminary Results Of A Washington State Pilot Project, J. Meyers, Crystal Moore, A. Mcgrory, J. Sparr, M. Ahern

Crystal Moore

Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) form provides choices about end-of-life care and gives these choices the power of physician orders. The POLST form assures end-of-life choices can be implemented in all settings, from the home through the health-care continuum. The use of the POLST form was evaluated in a pilot study in nursing homes in two eastern Washington counties. Chart reviews and template analysis of interviews revealed the POLST form accurately conveyed end-of-life wishes in 19 of 21 cases. An informed consent process was evidenced in 16 of 21 cases, and the POLST form was congruent with residents' existing …

Palliative Practices: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Kim Kuebler, Mellar Davis, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

The first book of its kind, this must-have resource examines the integration of palliative interventions from a disease-specific approach, providing practical guidance on caring for patients who follow a progressive, chronic disease trajectory prior to death. This uniquely practical book addresses all aspects of palliative care, going beyond theoretical information to advise practitioners on the most effective management of common symptoms and providing physical, psychological, and spiritual comfort to patients and families. The multidisciplinary focus of care is reflected by collaborative contributors and diverse authorship of an oncology/palliative care nurse practitioner, a physician, and a social worker.

Physician Orders For Life-Sustaining Treatment Form: Honoring End-Of-Life Directives For Nursing Home Residents, Judy Meyers, Crystal Moore, Alice Mcgrory, Jennifer Sparr, Melissa Ahern

Crystal Moore

The Physician Orders for LifeSustaining Treatment (POLST) form provides choices about end-of-life care and gives these choices the power of physician orders. The POLST form assures end-of-life choices can be implemented in all settings, from the home through the health-care continuum. The use of the POLST form was evaluated in a pilot study in nursing homes in two eastern Washington counties. Chart reviews and template analysis of interviews revealed the POLST form accurately conveyed end-of-life wishes in 19 of 21 cases. An informed consent process was evidenced in 16 of 21 cases, and the POLST form was congruent with residents' …

In These Rounds, Health Care Professionals Heal Themselves, Crystal Moore, Julie Phillips

Crystal Moore

In 1995, Kenneth B. Schwartz founded the Kenneth B. Schwartz Center Foundation whose mission is to promote compassion in health care. One of the Center's most popular initiatives is the Schwartz Center Rounds, a multidisciplinary forum where medical professionals come together to discuss and process the difficult emotional issues that can arise in patient care. The focus of these meetings is on the patient-caregiver relationship rather than the patient. This article briefly describes implementation of Schwartz Center Rounds at a Veteran’s Affairs hospital. It then summarises the findings from a study that examined Rounds' outcomes, particularly looking at whether Round’s …

Holding On To The Indispensable Medication: A Grounded Theory On Medication Use From The Perspective Of Persons With Medication Overuse Headache, Pernilla Jonsson, Annika Jakobsson, Gunnel Hensing, Mattias Linde, Crystal Moore, Tove Hedenrud

Crystal Moore

Background Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a chronic headache disorder, caused by overuse of acute medication. To date, it remains unclear why some people overuse these medications. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how individuals with MOH use medications and other strategies to manage headaches in their daily lives, and their thoughts about their own use of acute medication. Our intention was to develop a theoretical model about the development of MOH, from the perspective of those with MOH. Methods Data collection and analysis were conducted according to grounded theory methodology. The participants were recruited via newspaper …

From Nursing Home To Green House: Changing Contexts Of Elder Care In The United States, Meika Loe, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

This article tracks the changing roles of certified nursing assistants (CNAs) as they transition from a traditional nursing home setting to a “deinstitutionalized” care setting called the Green House. The Green House concept, developed by William Thomas, MD and based on the Eden Alternative paradigm, emphasizes autonomy, dignity, privacy, and reciprocal relationships between residents and staff. This qualitative work focuses on how CNAs (called “shabazim” in the Green House) negotiated the transition from traditional nursing home to the Green House model. Interview, focus group, and participant observation data before and after the transition to the Green Houses reveal that in …

Factors That Influence Elders’ Decisions To Formulate Advance Directives, Crystal Moore, S. Sherman

Crystal Moore

Nine minority and eleven White low-income communi- ty-dwelling senior adults participated in semi-structured qualitative in- terviews regarding end-of-life deci sion-making related to the comple- tion of advance directives (e.g., living wills and health care proxies). The seniors were asked to discuss the role of their own evaluations and beliefs and their perceptions of the influence of significant others in their decisions to complete advance directives. Religious affiliation and a measure of religiosity were also examined. The participants over- whelmingly evaluated the completion of advance directives as positive, but many of the seniors reported that discussing end-of-life issues with their children …

Ethical Problems In End-Of-Life Care Decision Making Faced By Oncology Social Workers And The Need For Practice Guidelines, Ellen Csikai, Sheila Roth, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

Difficult ethical problems are often faced by patients, families, and social workers who assist in decision-making around issues regarding end-of-life care. In qualitative interviews with 12 hospital social workers in one large urban cancer center, common ethical issues identified through thematic analysis were preservation of patients' autonomy/self-determination, beneficence of health care providers, and medical futility of end-of-life treatments. Continued communication with all parties involved was key in resolving ethical problems. Discussion, along with referrals of more complex cases to ethics committees and ethics consultation teams, also occurred. Participants further indicated the potential helpfulness of developing practice guidelines for social workers …

Enhancing Health Care Communication Skills: Preliminary Evaluation Of A Curriculum For Family Caregivers, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

The Communicating Effectively with Health Care Professionals (CE) workshop curriculum is designed for family caregivers to encourage caregiver empowerment, effective health care communication, and advocacy in medical care contexts with the goal of promoting positive health outcomes for care recipients. This mixed-method study employed a cross-sectional quantitative mail survey (N = 51) and semistructured qualitative telephone interviews (N = 14) to examine the effectiveness of the curriculum in promoting self-reported changes in caregiver attitudes and communication behavior. Respondents reported increased assertiveness in medical encounters, feelings of empowerment, and preparation and organization of medical information for their care recipients as a …

Frail Elders’ Experiences With And Perceptions Of Health, Zahra Ebrahimi, Katarina Wilhelmson, Crystal Moore, Annika Jakobsson

Crystal Moore

In this study we explored frail elders’ experiences with and perceptions of the phenomenon of health so as to develop a deeper understanding of living with diseases and disorders in old age. Frail elders participated in qualitative interviews that explored the meaning of the phenomenon of health for them. Eleven men and 11 women, who had diverse ratings of self-perceived health ranging from poor to excellent, were selected by means of a purposeful strategic sampling of frail elders taken from a broader sample that participated in a larger quantitative study on health. In total, 22 individual interviews were analyzed using …

Community-Based Participatory Research: The College As The Focal Community, Elizabeth Heckel, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

This article describes one small BSW program’s engagement in community- based participatory research (CBPR) in which the college community was the focus of the social change effort and social work undergraduates were the research partners. Over a 3-year period students engaged college community stakeholders, collected data, and presented findings on student alcohol use and abuse to promote discussion and inclusion of harm reduction strategies in the college response to this issue. The project resulted in an ongoing dialogue among the student researchers and administration regarding revisions to the campus alcohol policy. Written from the perspectives of a student researcher and …

Communication Issues And Advance Care Planning, Crystal Moore

Crystal Moore

OBJECTIVES: To provide practical strategies to enhance the quality of communication in the palliative and end-of-life medical care settings. DATA SOURCES: Published articles, textbooks, and reports. CONCLUSION: The components of effective and compassionate care at the end of life require successful communication with patients, families, and members of the health care team. Unfortunately, few health care professionals are formally trained in communication skills. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses who possess self-awareness and are skilled in effective communication practices are integral to the provision of high-quality palliative care for patients and families coping with advanced malignancies.

A Survey Of Healthcare Industry Representative Participation In Surgical Cases, J. Bedard, Crystal Moore, W. Shelton

Crystal Moore

OBJECTIVE:

To provide preliminary evidence of the types and amount of involvement by healthcare industry representatives (HCIRs) in surgery, as well as the ethical concerns of those representatives.

METHODS:

A link to an anonymous, web-based survey was posted on several medical device boards of the website http://www. cafepharma.com. Additionally, members of two different medical device groups on LinkedIn were asked to participate. Respondents were self-identified HCIRs in the fields of orthopedics, cardiology, endoscopic devices, lasers, general surgery, ophthalmic surgery, oral surgery, anesthesia products, and urologic surgery.

RESULTS:

A total of 43 HCIRs replied to the survey over a period of …

Translating Nancy Drew From Fiction To Film, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Women's National Press Club, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

The New York Times Code Of Ethics, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Review Of Newsworkers United: Labor, Convergence, And North American Newspapers, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Governance Of Cyberspace, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Review Of Beyond Hypocrisy: Decoding The News In An Age Of Propaganda Including The Doublespeak Dictionary By Edward S. Herman, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Picturing The Past: Media, History, And Photography, Bonnie Brennen, Hanno Hardt

Bonnie Brennen

Photographs shape not only what we remember but also how we remember. Picturing the Past explores the relations between photojournalism and history. Its contributors discuss dramatic changes in the American press's coverage of presidential death from McKinley through Kennedy and the curious distillation of enormous collections of photographs taken during cataclysmic events such as the Civil War and the Holocaust into a handful of images that have become cultural icons. Ranging from the idealization of American life in 1930s photojournalism to the issue of authenticity in documentary photography, these thought-provoking essays examine how photographs influence collective memory, generate a sense …

Journalists As Workers: An Introduction, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Fictional Journalists: News Work In American Novels, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Essays On Culture As A Practice: An Introduction, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

No abstract provided.

Newsworkers During The Interwar Era: A Critique Of Traditional Media History, Bonnie Brennen

Bonnie Brennen

This essay offers an ideological critique of representations of United States newsworkers during the interwar period that have been presented in communication histories. Focusing on elements of structure, content, style, language, and absence, it explores the implications of a traditional liberal pluralist approach to media historiography. It suggests that although the role of newsworkers is central to understanding the political and economic development of the media, during this era, reporters are found to occupy a marginal role in conceptions of United States journalism history.

Persecuting Alex Rodriguez, Bonnie Brennen, Rick Brown

Bonnie Brennen

This qualitative textual analysis considers the US press coverage of Alex Rodriguez for his alleged use of performance-enhancing drugs. It evaluates nearly 500 newspaper, magazine and broadcast reports from 2007 to 2014 on Rodriguez, as well as reader and journalistic responses, and finds issues of overt and inferential racism, stereotyping and symbolic impurity, and a crude emphasis on money in the coverage. This research considers the ethics of the press coverage through a framework of Critical Race Theory and suggests an approach rooted in communitarian ethics to foster greater social justice and balance in sports media coverage.