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2007

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Articles 871 - 896 of 896

Full-Text Articles in Physics

Evanescent Microwave Characterization Of Carbon Nanotube Films Grown On Silicon Carbide Substrate, Kineshma Munbodh Jan 2007

Evanescent Microwave Characterization Of Carbon Nanotube Films Grown On Silicon Carbide Substrate, Kineshma Munbodh

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The electromagnetic characterization of carbon nanotube films (CNT) grown by the surface decomposition of silicon carbide (SiC) has been performed. The CNT films formed on the carbon and silicon terminated face of the SiC substrate were uncapped by an annealing process at a temperature of 4000 C with dwelling time up to 60 minutes in oxygen or carbon dioxide atmosphere. X-Y scans of the quality factor were used to deduce the local conductive properties of the films measured by evanescent microwave microscopy. Real and imaginary permittivity values, as determined by these electromagnetic measurements, provided valuable information for future field emission …


Comparative Investigation Of Dosimetric Tools In Imrt, Aaron Nicholas Garcia Jan 2007

Comparative Investigation Of Dosimetric Tools In Imrt, Aaron Nicholas Garcia

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Verification of the isodose distribution delivered to the planned tumor volume is required for quality assurance in the clinic. Verification in this context means ensuring that the actual dose delivered to a volume matches the dose that a computerized planning system intended that volume to receive. The computerized planning is performed by a Computerized Medical Systems (CMS) Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) plan. Two methods of measuring the delivered dose are film dosimetry and diode dosimetry. This project will compare the relative isodose distribution profiles of film dosimetry and MapCheck (Sun Nuclear Corporation, a diode-based dosimetry system) to the relative …


Fabrication Of Silver Nanoparticles By Solution Phase Method And Physical Characterization Of Their Arrays, Jaesung Oh Jan 2007

Fabrication Of Silver Nanoparticles By Solution Phase Method And Physical Characterization Of Their Arrays, Jaesung Oh

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Synthesis of silver nanostructures has been an active research area for many decades because of their importance in biological sensing, imaging, electronics, optoelectronics and catalysis. In particular, much effort has been devoted to the controlled synthesis of silver nanowires because of their potential use as interconnects or active components in fabricating nanoscale devices. The solution phase method is used here to form Ag nanoparticles by reducing silver nitrate with ethylene glycol heated to 160°C. The additional presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone plays a role of stabilizer to prevent an agglomeration and/or a capping agent to produce highly anisotropic nanowires. Silver nanoparticles …


Polarization Reversal In Potassium Titanyl Phosphate, William D. Mitchell Jan 2007

Polarization Reversal In Potassium Titanyl Phosphate, William D. Mitchell

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Polarization reversal in both hydrothermal and flux grown potassium titanyl phosphate was studied using square pulses at room temperature from 1600 V/mm to 5000 V/mm. Maximum switching current and inverse switching time data is compared to the ferroelectric polarization reversal model developed by Fatuzzo and Merz in the last century. Room temperature calculation of spontaneous polarization is reported and compared to that of potassium titanyl phosphate in the literature.


Rapid Structural Mapping Of Ternary Metallic Alloy Systems Using The Combinatorial Approach And Cluster Analysis, C. J. Long, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, M. Murakami, R. C. Srivastava, I. Takeuchi, V. L. Karen, X. Li Jan 2007

Rapid Structural Mapping Of Ternary Metallic Alloy Systems Using The Combinatorial Approach And Cluster Analysis, C. J. Long, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, M. Murakami, R. C. Srivastava, I. Takeuchi, V. L. Karen, X. Li

Faculty Publications

We are developing a procedure for the quick identification of structural phases in thin film composition spread experiments which map large fractions of compositional phase diagrams of ternary metallic alloy systems. An in-house scanning x-ray microdiffractometer is used to obtain x-ray spectra from 273 different compositions on a single composition spread library. A cluster analysissoftware is then used to sort the spectra into groups in order to rapidly discover the distribution of phases on the ternary diagram. The most representative pattern of each group is then compared to a database of known structures to identify known phases. Using this method, …


Exafs Characterization Of Dendrimer‐Derived Pt/Γ‐Al2O3, A. Siani, Oleg S. Alexeev, Christopher T. Williams, Harry J. Ploehn, Michael D. Amiridis Jan 2007

Exafs Characterization Of Dendrimer‐Derived Pt/Γ‐Al2O3, A. Siani, Oleg S. Alexeev, Christopher T. Williams, Harry J. Ploehn, Michael D. Amiridis

Faculty Publications

The various steps involved in the preparation of a Pt/γ‐Al2O3 material using hydroxyl‐terminated generation four (G4OH) PAMAM dendrimers as templates were monitored by EXAFS. The results indicate that Cl ligands in the Pt precursors (H2PtCl6 and K2PtCl4) were partially replaced by aquo ligands upon hydrolysis to form [PtCl3(H2O)3]+ and [PtCl2(H2O)2] species. After interaction of such species with G4OH, Cl ligands from the first coordination shell of Pt were further replaced by nitrogen atoms from the dendrimer interior, …


Elliptical Micro-Ring Organic Lasers, P. R. Korade, John Ballato, R, V. Gregory Jan 2007

Elliptical Micro-Ring Organic Lasers, P. R. Korade, John Ballato, R, V. Gregory

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Multimode laser action was observed from optically excited 2,5-dioctyloxy poly(para-phenylene-vinylene), DOO-PPV, micro-rings coaxially deposited around glass optical fibres of elliptical cross-section. The laser emission was found to be dependent upon the incident angle of the excitation and exhibited linewidths of approximately 1.2 Å, quality factors (Q) exceeding 5000, and thresholds below 0.3 μJ pulse. Such elliptical organic micro-ring lasers offer increased tailorability in emission properties over more conventional analogues of circular cross-section. Also discussed is the potential for such low-threshold lasers to serve as integrated sources for fibre lasers and amplifiers.


Measurement Of Prompt Photons With Associated Jets In Photoproduction At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, S. Magill, S. Miglioranzi, B. Musgrave, D. Nicholass, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, N. Pavel, A. G. Yagües Molina, S. Antonelli, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, M. Bindi, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, R. Nania, A. Polini, L. Rinaldi, G. Sartorelli Jan 2007

Measurement Of Prompt Photons With Associated Jets In Photoproduction At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, S. Magill, S. Miglioranzi, B. Musgrave, D. Nicholass, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, N. Pavel, A. G. Yagües Molina, S. Antonelli, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, M. Bindi, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, R. Nania, A. Polini, L. Rinaldi, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

The photoproduction of prompt photons, together with an accompanying jet, has been studied in ep collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 77 pb-1. Cross sections were measured for the transverse energy of the photon and the jet larger than 5 and 6 GeV, respectively. The differential γ+jet cross sections were reconstructed as functions of the transverse energy, pseudorapidity and xγobs, the fraction of the incoming photon momentum taken by the photon-jet system. Predictions based on leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo models and next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD generally underestimate the …


Search For Stop Production In R-Parity-Violating Supersymmetry At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, S. Magill, S. Miglioranzi, B. Musgrave, D. Nicholass, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, N. Pavel, A. G. Yagües Molina, S. Antonelli, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, M. Bindi, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, R. Nania, A. Polini, L. Rinaldi, G. Sartorelli Jan 2007

Search For Stop Production In R-Parity-Violating Supersymmetry At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, S. Magill, S. Miglioranzi, B. Musgrave, D. Nicholass, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, N. Pavel, A. G. Yagües Molina, S. Antonelli, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, M. Bindi, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, R. Nania, A. Polini, L. Rinaldi, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

A search for stop production in R-parity-violating supersymmetry has been performed in e+p interactions with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 65 pb-1. At HERA, the R-parity-violating coupling λ' allows resonant squark production, e+d→̃ q. Since the lowest-mass squark state in most supersymmetry models is the light stop, ̃t, this search concentrated on production of ̃t, followed either by a direct R-parity-violating decay, or by the gauge decay to b̃x1+. No evidence for stop production was found and limits were set on λ'131 as a function of the stop mass in the framework of the minimal …


Generalized No-Broadcasting Theorem, Howard Barnum, Jonathan Barrett, Matthew S. Leifer, Alex Wilce Jan 2007

Generalized No-Broadcasting Theorem, Howard Barnum, Jonathan Barrett, Matthew S. Leifer, Alex Wilce

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We prove a generalized version of the no-broadcasting theorem, applicable to essentially any nonclassical finite-dimensional probabilistic model satisfying a no-signaling criterion, including ones with ‘‘superquantum’’ correlations. A strengthened version of the quantum no-broadcasting theorem follows, and its proof is significantly simpler than existing proofs of the no-broadcasting theorem.


Temperature-Driven Transition From The Wigner Crystal To The Bond-Charge-Density Wave In The Quasi-One-Dimensional Quarter-Filled Band, R. T. Clay, Rahul Hardikar, S. Mazumdar Jan 2007

Temperature-Driven Transition From The Wigner Crystal To The Bond-Charge-Density Wave In The Quasi-One-Dimensional Quarter-Filled Band, R. T. Clay, Rahul Hardikar, S. Mazumdar

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

It is known that within the interacting electron model Hamiltonian for the one-dimensional 1/4-filled band, the singlet ground state is a Wigner crystal only if the nearest-neighbor electron-electron repulsion is larger than a critical value. We show that this critical nearest-neighbor Coulomb interaction is different for each spin subspace, with the critical value decreasing with increasing spin. As a consequence, with the lowering of temperature, there can occur a transition from a Wigner crystal charge-ordered state to a spin-Peierls state that is a bond-charge-density wave with charge occupancies different from the Wigner crystal. This transition is possible because spin excitations …


Form Factors And Wave Functions Of Vector Mesons In Holographic Qcd, Hovhannes R. Grigoryan, Anatoly V. Radyushkin Jan 2007

Form Factors And Wave Functions Of Vector Mesons In Holographic Qcd, Hovhannes R. Grigoryan, Anatoly V. Radyushkin

Physics Faculty Publications

Within the framework of a holographic dual model of QCD, we develop a formalism for calculating form factors of vector mesons. We show that the holographic bound states can be described not only in terms of eigenfunctions of the equation of motion, but also in terms of conjugate wave functions that are close analogues of quantum-mechanical bound state wave functions. We derive a generalized VMD representation for form factors, and find a very specific VMD pattern, in which form factors are essentially given by contributions due to the first two bound states in the Q2 -channel. We calculate electric …


Low And Medium Β Superconducting Cavities And Accelerators, Jean R. Delayen Jan 2007

Low And Medium Β Superconducting Cavities And Accelerators, Jean R. Delayen

Physics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Cascade Production In The Reactions 𝛾p → K⁺ K⁺(X) And 𝛾p → K⁺K⁺ Π⁻⁻(X), M. J. Amaryan, H. Bagdasaryan, S. Bültmann, S. L. Careccia, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, G. Gavalian, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, N. Kalantarians, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, M. R. Niroula, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, J. Zhang, Et Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2007

Cascade Production In The Reactions 𝛾p → K⁺ K⁺(X) And 𝛾p → K⁺K⁺ Π⁻⁻(X), M. J. Amaryan, H. Bagdasaryan, S. Bültmann, S. L. Careccia, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, G. Gavalian, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, N. Kalantarians, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, M. R. Niroula, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, J. Zhang, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Photoproduction of the cascade resonances has been investigated in the reactions γp → K + K +(X) and γp → K + K + π −(X). The mass splitting of the ground state (Ξ0) doublet is measured to be 5.4 ± 1.8 MeV/c2, consistent with existing measurements. The differential (total) cross sections for the Ξ have been determined for photon beam energies from 2.75 to 3.85 (4.75) GeV and are consistent with a production mechanism of Y∗→K+Ξ through a t-channel process. The reaction γp→K+K+π−[Ξ0] has also been investigated to …


Measurement Of Coherent ɸ-Meson Photoproduction From The Deuteron At Low Energies, M. J. Amaryan, H. Bagdasaryan, S. Bültmann, S. L. Careccia, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, G. Gavalian, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, Et. Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2007

Measurement Of Coherent ɸ-Meson Photoproduction From The Deuteron At Low Energies, M. J. Amaryan, H. Bagdasaryan, S. Bültmann, S. L. Careccia, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, G. Gavalian, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, Et. Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

The cross section and decay angular distributions for the coherent ɸ-meson photoproduction on the deuteron have been measured for the first time up to a squared four-momentum transfer t = (pᵧ - pɸ)2 =-2 GeV2/c2, using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The cross sections are compared with predictions from a rescattering model. In a framework of vector meson dominance, the data are consistent with the total ɸ-N cross section σɸN at about 10 mb. If vector meson dominance is violated, a larger σɸN is possible by introducing a …


A General Model Of Resistive Wall Instability In Linear Accelerators, Jean R. Delayen Jan 2007

A General Model Of Resistive Wall Instability In Linear Accelerators, Jean R. Delayen

Physics Faculty Publications

A general model for wakefield-generated instabilities in linear accelerators, originally developed for cumulative beam breakup [1], is applied to the resistive wall instability. The general solution for various bunch charge distributions and application to various accelerator configurations are presented.


Reactive Oxygen Emission From Microwave Discharge Plasmas, S. Popovic, M. Rašković, S. P. Kuo, L. Vuskovic Jan 2007

Reactive Oxygen Emission From Microwave Discharge Plasmas, S. Popovic, M. Rašković, S. P. Kuo, L. Vuskovic

Physics Faculty Publications

Metastable oxygen atoms and molecules have received increased interest because of their function in surface modification, bio-decontamination and many other industrial applications, in addition to the role in the upper atmospheric layer chemistry. We review work on production and detection of metastable oxygen and we describe our experiments, including the development of techniques for measurement of metastable molecular oxygen. We show that either metastable oxygen molecules or metastable oxygen atoms can be produced in large quantities in electrical discharges, carefully tailored to promote the required kinetics. Although the two species may coexist, colder discharge regimes favor production of molecules, while …


Quark-Hadron Duality In Spin Structure Functions G(1)(P) And G(1)(D), P. E. Bosted, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, S. E. Kuhn, Y. Prok, G. Adams, M. Amarian, P. Ambrozewicz, M. Anghinolfi, H. Bagdasaryan, M. Bektasoglu, S. Bültmann, S. L. Careccia, G. Gavalian, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, H. G. Juengst, A. Klein, J. Lachniet, R. A. Niyazov, L. M. Qin, F. Sabatié, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun, J. Zhang Jan 2007

Quark-Hadron Duality In Spin Structure Functions G(1)(P) And G(1)(D), P. E. Bosted, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, S. E. Kuhn, Y. Prok, G. Adams, M. Amarian, P. Ambrozewicz, M. Anghinolfi, H. Bagdasaryan, M. Bektasoglu, S. Bültmann, S. L. Careccia, G. Gavalian, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, H. G. Juengst, A. Klein, J. Lachniet, R. A. Niyazov, L. M. Qin, F. Sabatié, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun, J. Zhang

Physics Faculty Publications

New measurements of the spin structure functions of the proton and deuteron g(1)(p)(x,Q2) and g(1)(d)(x,Q2) in the nucleon resonance region are compared with extrapolations of target-mass-corrected next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD fits to higher energy data. Averaged over the entire resonance region (W <2 >GeV), the data and QCD fits are in good agreement in both magnitude and Q2 dependence for Q2 >1.7 GeV2/c2. This "global" duality appears to result from cancellations among the prominent "local" resonance regions: in particular strong σ …


Quantum Dot Photolithography, Raghuveer Reddy Gadipalli Jan 2007

Quantum Dot Photolithography, Raghuveer Reddy Gadipalli

Doctoral Dissertations

"This dissertation presents a simple method for the photolithographic patterning of silica hydrogel monoliths and planar substrates with quantum dots and inorganic semiconductor nanoparticles. We developed a method for surface patterning and bulk (3D) patterning of silica hydrogel monoliths and surface patterning of planar substrates with CdS, CdSe, PbS and PbSe quantum dots using infrared light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and multi-photon ionization radiation. Precursor combinations were prepared which can readily dissociate with IR, UV, X-rays, and multi-photon ionization radiation. Different capping agents were used for improving quantum dot size distribution. The luminescence quantum yield of the composites can be increased …


Microscopic-Macroscopic Simulations Of Rigid-Rod Polymer Hydrodynamics: Heterogeneity And Rheochaos, M. Gregory Forest, Ruhai Zhou, Qi Wang Jan 2007

Microscopic-Macroscopic Simulations Of Rigid-Rod Polymer Hydrodynamics: Heterogeneity And Rheochaos, M. Gregory Forest, Ruhai Zhou, Qi Wang

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Rheochaos is a remarkable phenomenon of nematic (rigid-rod) polymers in steady shear, with sustained chaotic fluctuations of the orientational distribution of the rod ensemble. For monodomain dynamics, imposing spatial homogeneity and linear shear, rheochaos is a hallmark prediction of the Doi-Hess theory [M. Doi, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed., 19 (1981), pp. 229-243; M. Doi and S. F. Edwards, The Theory of Polymer Dynamics, Oxford University Press, London, New York, 1986; S. Hess, Z. Naturforsch., 31 (1976), pp. 1034-1037. The model behavior is robust, captured by second-moment tensor approximations G. Rienäcker, M. Kröger, and S. Hess, Phys. Rev. …


Imaging Voltage-Dependent Cell Motions With Heterodyne Mach-Zehnder Phase Microscopy, Christopher Fang-Yen, S Oh, Y Park, S Song, H S. Seung, M S. Feld Dec 2006

Imaging Voltage-Dependent Cell Motions With Heterodyne Mach-Zehnder Phase Microscopy, Christopher Fang-Yen, S Oh, Y Park, S Song, H S. Seung, M S. Feld

Christopher Fang-Yen

No abstract provided.


Tomographic Phase Microscopy, W Choi, Christopher Fang-Yen, K Badizadegan, S Oh, N Lue, R R. Dasari, M S. Feld Dec 2006

Tomographic Phase Microscopy, W Choi, Christopher Fang-Yen, K Badizadegan, S Oh, N Lue, R R. Dasari, M S. Feld

Christopher Fang-Yen

No abstract provided.


Significant Suppression Of Ferromagnetism By Hydrostatic Pressure In The Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Sb2-Xvxte3 With X <~ 0.03, Jeffrey Dyck, T J. Mitchell, A J. Luciana, P C. Quayle, C DrašAr, P LošŤÁK Dec 2006

Significant Suppression Of Ferromagnetism By Hydrostatic Pressure In The Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Sb2-Xvxte3 With X <~ 0.03, Jeffrey Dyck, T J. Mitchell, A J. Luciana, P C. Quayle, C DrašAr, P LošŤÁK

Jeffrey Dyck

The authors report on the hydrostatic pressure dependence of the magnetotransport properties of ferromagnetic Sb2-xVxTe3 single crystals with x=0.02—0.03. Pressure significantly increases the free hole concentration in these compounds. In turn, the Curie temperature is suppressed by roughly 40%, which goes against many models that would predict an increase in Curie temperature with increasing carrier concentration. These results indicate that the ferromagnetism in these materials is carrier mediated and that a full Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida model that takes into account the oscillatory nature of the indirect exchange interaction among localized spins is needed in order to explain the data.


Second Born Approximation And Coulomb Scattering, Br Holstein Dec 2006

Second Born Approximation And Coulomb Scattering, Br Holstein

Barry R Holstein

We examine the problem of calculating higher order contributions to the Coulomb scattering amplitude. To make contact with the well known result, it is necessary to modify the conventional definition of the scattering amplitude.


Modeling Innovation By A Kinetic Description Of The Patent Citation System, Gabor Csardi, Katherine J. Strandburg, Jan Tobochnik, Peter Erdi, Laszlo Zalanyi Dec 2006

Modeling Innovation By A Kinetic Description Of The Patent Citation System, Gabor Csardi, Katherine J. Strandburg, Jan Tobochnik, Peter Erdi, Laszlo Zalanyi

Katherine J. Strandburg

This paper reports results of a network theory approach to the study of the United States patent system. We model the patent citation network as a discrete time, discrete space stochastic dynamic system. From patent data we extract an attractiveness function, A(k, l), which determines the likelihood that a patent will be cited. A(k, l) shows power law aging and perferential attachment, the exponent of the latter is increasing since 1993, suggesting that patent citations are increasingly concentrated on a relatively small number of patents. In particular, our results appear consistent with an increasing patent “thicket”, in which more and …


Digital Elevation Accuracy And Grid Cell Size: Effects On Computed Topographic Attributes, Rob H. Erskine, Timothy R. Green Dec 2006

Digital Elevation Accuracy And Grid Cell Size: Effects On Computed Topographic Attributes, Rob H. Erskine, Timothy R. Green

Timothy R. Green

Terrain attributes are commonly used to explain the spatial variability of agronomic, pedologic, and hydrologic variables. The terrain attributes studied here (elevation, slope, aspect, and curvature) are estimated readily from digital elevation models (DEMs), but questions remain about how the accuracy and sample spacing of the elevation data affect the estimated attributes. The main objective of this study was to quantify differences in each terrain attribute due to factors affecting DEM accuracy and grid cell size. Three data sources were compared: (i) real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTKGPS); (ii) satellite-differentially corrected global positioning system (DGPS); and (iii) U.S. Geological Survey …