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Articles 31 - 60 of 112

Full-Text Articles in Natural Resources Management and Policy

Problems Of Fisheries Management On The Patagonian Shelf: A Decade After The 1982 Falklands (Malvinas) Conflict, Gustavo A. Bisbal Jan 1992

Problems Of Fisheries Management On The Patagonian Shelf: A Decade After The 1982 Falklands (Malvinas) Conflict, Gustavo A. Bisbal

Theses and Major Papers

The armed conflict between Argentina and Britain over the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) early in 1982, resulted in a confusing partition of the maritime area around these islands. The military strategies and policies developed by both countries during and after the war created an unclear situation regarding limits and jurisdictions, thus delaying managerial actions and regulation enforcement over the fishing resources of the area. Several foreign fishing fleets operating in the region at the time, took advantage of the lack of protective legislation and recognized authority, resulting in overfishing of species such as squid and hake. No significant control was …

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The Potential Loss Of Coastal Open Space Due To The Utilization Of Privately Owned Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Case Study In Gloucester, Massachusetts, Eric W. Hutchins Jan 1992

The Potential Loss Of Coastal Open Space Due To The Utilization Of Privately Owned Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Case Study In Gloucester, Massachusetts, Eric W. Hutchins

Theses and Major Papers

The impact of privately owned sewage treatment plants, a viable alternative to on-site septic systems, is examined in regards to future land-use patterns. It was hypothesized that the use of these facilities would lead to a greater loss of open space, in the coastal City of Gloucester, Massachusetts, than if only conventional on-site septic systems were to be permitted. Constraints to development such as zoning, wetlands, soil characteristics, parcel size, and economic viability were applied to undeveloped property in Gloucester. The results were used to identify individual parcels and calculate the respective developability based on the two different scenarios. Only …

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Sea-Surface Temperature Related Fisheries And Resource Markets, Jeffrey Michael Rasinski Jan 1992

Sea-Surface Temperature Related Fisheries And Resource Markets, Jeffrey Michael Rasinski

Theses and Major Papers

This thesis addresses the potential application of sea-surface temperature (SST) data to economic resource markets. It considers the revolution in technology and the accessibility of timely, accurate SST observations for resource markets. Specifically, it addresses issues related to pelagic fisheries and the fish meal industry. The thesis presents a discussion and overview of the upwelling ecosystem of Peru and the Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) including quantitative analysis and forecasts for the fishery and fish meal prices. This analysis is used to demonstrate the commercial application and relationship between SST and related resource markets. The thesis establishes a bioeconomic statistical model …

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The Politics Of Tidelands: A Case Study Of The Massachusetts Chapter 91 Program, Jane Mcnally Wright Jan 1992

The Politics Of Tidelands: A Case Study Of The Massachusetts Chapter 91 Program, Jane Mcnally Wright

Theses and Major Papers

The Massachusetts Chapter 91 Waterways Program is a licensing program through which the Commonwealth carries out its responsibilities under the Public Trust Doctrine. It was unclear when this study was undertaken whether public participation in the program development process resulted in a different program than the draft program the state originally proposed in 1986. This qualitative case study was developed based on hundreds of pages of letters, comments and testimony from the public, press clippings and interviews. The primary finding is that public participation, particularly from so-called special interest groups, resulted in a final program which was significantly different from …

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Prospects For Fisheries Development In West Africa, Steven K. Ireland Jan 1991

Prospects For Fisheries Development In West Africa, Steven K. Ireland

Theses and Major Papers

The production of food is a primary concern for the countries of Africa. Marine fisheries can contribute toward alleviating undernutrition and provide employment opportunities in developing countries. In West Africa there are substantial marine fisheries resources but there is a need for development and improved management of these resources. Fisheries development efforts have thus far achieved limited success in the region. However, there is considerable potential for increasing the contribution of fisheries to economic development if the problems of fisheries development can be overcome.

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The Impact Of Tourism On Block Island, Thomas Green Jan 1991

The Impact Of Tourism On Block Island, Thomas Green

Theses and Major Papers

This thesis examines the impacts of tourism on the residents of Block Island. More specifically the study seeks to identify the specific areas of concern, as perceived by the residents, in three major areas of impact: economic, social and environmental. It was hypothesized that the residents of Block Island, a mature tourist destination area, had formulated perceptions of the impacts of tourism and that these perceptions, if analyzed, would identify protection of the environment and threats to the Island's lifestyle as major concerns. Factor analysis was employed to analyze survey responses from residents on questions regarding tourism on Block Island. …

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Impacts Of The Unclos Iii Consent Regime On U. S. Marine Scientific Research, 1982-1989, Matthew Patrick Murphy Jan 1991

Impacts Of The Unclos Iii Consent Regime On U. S. Marine Scientific Research, 1982-1989, Matthew Patrick Murphy

Theses and Major Papers

The 1982 Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) has given states jurisdiction over unprecedented scopes of ocean space. Marine scientific research is among the activities under coastal state control. This thesis examines five possible areas of impact of coastal state control on United States research programs. These are: 1. research which was denied outright, 2. reasons for denials, 3. research which was delayed, 4. the extent to which researchers avoid requests in the waters of restrictive states, and 5. the level of interest among UNOLS institutions in cooperative arrangements with foreign governments. The international legal framework for …

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Malaysia And The Law Of The Sea, Mohd Fadzil Shuhaimi Jan 1991

Malaysia And The Law Of The Sea, Mohd Fadzil Shuhaimi

Theses and Major Papers

The new legal regime of the oceans has brought many changes in the Malacca Strait. The most recent one in the enactment of the Malaysian Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1984 as corollary to its proclamation on the Exclusive Economic Zone in 1980. A year later, the Fisheries Act 1985 was enacted by Malaysia as a result of increasing needs to address new issues in fisheries protection and management in the Malaysian fisheries waters. The conclusion of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, among other things, has improvised the concept of transit passage in the straits …

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Mariculture Management For Pohnpei State, Federated States Of Micronesia, Kevin Brooks Foster Jan 1991

Mariculture Management For Pohnpei State, Federated States Of Micronesia, Kevin Brooks Foster

Theses and Major Papers

The Marine Resources Division of Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia is currently engaged in development activities that include the establishment of family scale mariculture projects for community members of remote villages and outer islands. The goal of this undertaking is to supplement subsistence and income generation ventures for community members through the wise use and exploitation of the marine environment. These aims may be jeopardized unless a management plan is devised that reflects the customary marine resource practices as embraced by islanders from each community. The intent of this thesis projects is to devise a mariculture management model that …

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Dredging In The United States, Claude R. Newton Mar 1990

Dredging In The United States, Claude R. Newton

Theses and Major Papers

The original intent of this paper was to examine the role of the United States Army Corps of Engineers and their monopolistic hold on the dredging industry in the United States. How did the Corps of Engineers become the experts in this maritime environment? Why did not the Navy acquire this marine related related activity? to the naive observer, it may seem more logical to have this aspect of marine activity in the hands of the United States Navy, or even the United States Coast Guard. To have this seemingly marine activity under the control of the U.S. Army seems …

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The Case Of Rose Island: An Example Of Conflicting Goals And Competing Jurisdictions In Coastal Zone Development, Thomas James Gibson May 1989

The Case Of Rose Island: An Example Of Conflicting Goals And Competing Jurisdictions In Coastal Zone Development, Thomas James Gibson

Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the methods and tactics employed at the local level by all of the participants in the resolution of a controversial coastal development issue. It is the author's goal to present a case study of a proposal that had progressed at least through the local level of the approval process and study the mechanism to see if it produces a socially desirable result. Resolution of the final form that the development of Rose Island will take is no closer today than it was in the Spring of 1986, so this paper necessarily has …

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The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea, And Canadian Official Development Assistance, Lennox O'Riley Hinds May 1989

The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea, And Canadian Official Development Assistance, Lennox O'Riley Hinds

Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to examine the needs of developing states created by the 1982 U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea and the capability of the above cited Canadian aid agencies to provide needed assistance. To achieve the above objective the articles of the Third Convention of the Law of the Sea will be analyzed to establish requirements that coastal states must satisfy when the convention comes into force. Next, the mandates, policies, and programs of the aforementioned agencies will be examined to ascertain their potential to assist developing countries meet their obligations under UNCLOS III. …

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Intergovernmental Relations And Ocs Oil And Gas Development, Gretchen Honan Jan 1989

Intergovernmental Relations And Ocs Oil And Gas Development, Gretchen Honan

Theses and Major Papers

Oil and gas exploration and development in federal waters off the coast of California have been a source of conflict between federal and state governments for a number of years. More recently local governments and local citizenry have joined in the battle to prevent development of outer continental shelf (OCS) oil and gas reserves. Between 1985 and 1986 the passage of thirteen local land use initiatives prohibiting or requiring voter approval of onshore facilities to service offshore platforms occurred. These initiatives reflect growing local dissatisfaction with the present legislative structure governing OCS development. From their perspective the existing OCS development …

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Geographical Constraints To Soviet Maritime Power, Brian Needham Jan 1989

Geographical Constraints To Soviet Maritime Power, Brian Needham

Theses and Major Papers

The aim of this paper is to identify the geographical constraints to Soviet marine power, assess their impact and explore alternatives that may be considered to reduce their detrimental effects. The paper will provide a background by addressing the recent history, status and current missions of the Soviet Navy, which is the vehicle for maritime power. The nature of the geographical constraints will then be discussed before assessing individually the impacts on the four Soviet Fleets: Northern, Baltic, Black Sea, and Pacific. Finally, some alternatives will be explored to counter the vulnerability of maritime power to those geographic constraints. It …

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North Carolina Ports: A Search For Identity, Clifford S. Sharpe Jan 1989

North Carolina Ports: A Search For Identity, Clifford S. Sharpe

Theses and Major Papers

North Carolina's development in colonial times and in the early stages of statehood was greatly affected by her coastline. An abundant coastline did not translate into an abundance of good ports, in fact, difficult coastal and inland navigation hampered early commercial development. North Carolina's barrier islands and numerous inlets served as a haven for pirates in colonial days, for privateers during the Revolution, and later defied the North's blockade during the Civil War. There were several attempts by individuals to encourage maritime trade in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Shortly after World War II the state mobilized to …

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Environmental Management Planning And The Special Area Management Process, Timothy P. Dillingham Jan 1989

Environmental Management Planning And The Special Area Management Process, Timothy P. Dillingham

Theses and Major Papers

Within coastal areas, growing numbers of resource users, increasingly divergent resources use demands, and loss of indigenous resources combine to exert tremendous pressures on these areas. The Narrow River is a unique estuary located on the coast of southern Rhode Island. The estuary has experienced a decline in water quality over the last 20 years, primarily attributable to poor development practices and improper disposal of on-site sewage. Increasing levels of development have begun to bring about further changes in the watershed, including alteration of scenic values, conversion and loss of wildlife habitat, additional sources of pollution inputs and increasing conflict …

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The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, Susan Ware Jan 1989

The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, Susan Ware

Theses and Major Papers

The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty was opened for signature on August 5, 1985, on the 40th Anniversary of the Bombing of Hiroshima. The Treaty prohibits Party states from controlling or assisting in the manufacture of nuclear explosive devices and from allowing devices not in their control stationing within their territory or land space. The Protocols to the Treaty enjoin the nuclear weapon sates and the states with territories within the Zone to adhere to the principles of the Treaty and to refrain from control or use of any nuclear explosive devices within the Zone. The principle concern of …

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Stormwater Quality Management In Rhode Island, Elizabeth A. Scott Jan 1989

Stormwater Quality Management In Rhode Island, Elizabeth A. Scott

Theses and Major Papers

This study documents the threat that uncontrolled "urban" stormwater runoff poses to surface water quality and the inadequacy of existing regulations governing land use development in preventing further water quality degradation resulting from "urban" runoff. The study applies recent research findings from the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program and the experience of other state regulatory programs in evaluating management alternatives and proposing a strategy for Rhode Island. The documented impacts of "urban" stormwater runoff on water quality, including excesses in criteria for copper, lead, and coliform, and eutrophication, support the need for stormwater quality management. This need is made more evident …

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Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton Jan 1989

Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton

Theses and Major Papers

During the 1983 season, two U.S. longline vessels initiated the first attempts at the commercial exploitation of swordfish in the Eastern Caribbean. In 1986, the number of U.S. vessels participating in the fishery surpassed 40 with landings of nearly two million pounds per season. The sudden influx of participants and technology to the region has resulted in a variety of user conflicts and associated policy issues. Major areas of concern involve the conservation of a heavily exploited resource and the distribution of benefits which accrue from resource exploitation among the resource-adjacent island states and U.S. fishing operations. This study examines …

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Extended Maritime Jurisdiction And Indonesian Fisheries Development, Hardjono Jan 1988

Extended Maritime Jurisdiction And Indonesian Fisheries Development, Hardjono

Theses and Major Papers

With the declaration of the Indonesian EEZ by Presidential Decree on 21 March 1980, Indonesia has acquired a vast area of approximately 5.8 million sq. km. of sea water and opportunity to manage and utilize fisheries resources in the new extended areas of jurisdiction. The EEZ is giving many more potential fishing resources and greater opportunities to exploit its available fishery resources with responsibilities to conserve the resources. By exercising a high degree of its authority within the EEZ, Indonesia can gain more benefits from the use of fishery resources than before the declaration. However, the benefits may not be …

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The Impact Of Public Policy On Portland's Waterfront, John G. Ferland Jan 1988

The Impact Of Public Policy On Portland's Waterfront, John G. Ferland

Theses and Major Papers

In May, 1987, Portland voters approved by a 2-to-1 margin a referendum preventing non-marine development along its waterfront for at least five years. It has become clear that the vote was not just a Portland waterfront issue. To many, the vote was a statement of no confidence in growth regulations and unhappiness with the pace of development throughout the Greater Portland region. The vote illustrated that there is no consensus on Greater Portland's future. For Portland's waterfront, a lack of consensus is nothing new. Portland has debated waterfront policy in fits and starts for most of the 20th century. As …

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An Analysis Of Offshore Safety During Oil And Gas Operations On The Outer Continental Shelf, James H. Collins Jan 1988

An Analysis Of Offshore Safety During Oil And Gas Operations On The Outer Continental Shelf, James H. Collins

Theses and Major Papers

Trends in offshore fatalities and lost time accidents since the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act Amendments of 1978 need to be identified to allow an evaluation of the safety of offshore operations. Fatality and accident data between 1975 and 1985 are analyzed in the context of the Federal regulatory structure. The safety data generated for oil and gas drilling operations on the Outer Continental Shelf varies according to the source of the information. Modifications to accident reporting formats and data collection systems would benefit the offshore industry and the Government regulators in their efforts to improve operational safety. A major …

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Enforcement Of State Coastal Resources Management Regulations: The Rhode Island Coastal Resources Management Council, David W. Kaiser Jan 1988

Enforcement Of State Coastal Resources Management Regulations: The Rhode Island Coastal Resources Management Council, David W. Kaiser

Theses and Major Papers

This paper examines the adequacy of the enforcement efforts of the Rhode Island Coastal Resources Management Council (CRMC) in carrying out the rules and regulations of the Rhode Island Coastal Resources Management Program (CRMP). This analysis describes the Federal and State mandates and contributions to the enforcement of the Rhode Island CRMP, determines the legitimacy of the CRMC through Superior Court cases, examines CRMC enforcement activities, and determines the compliance to CRMC cease and desist orders. The research finds that the CRMC has not enforced its regulatory responsibilities well. Actual compliance to cease and desist orders was only 41%. It …

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Dredging Management: A Comparative Analysis Of Mid-Sized U.S. North Atlantic Ports, Matthew H. Masters Jan 1988

Dredging Management: A Comparative Analysis Of Mid-Sized U.S. North Atlantic Ports, Matthew H. Masters

Theses and Major Papers

Dredging management within the states of Rhode Island, Maine and Connecticut is examined through an analysis of the ports of Providence, Portland, and New Haven. These ports were selected from a field of 30 Atlantic Coast ports through a multivariate statistical analysis, based on similarities in size, function and geography. Each port's dredging history was compiled to illustrate the frequency and magnitude of dredging activity among the three states. Pertinent state laws, regulations and policies regarding dredging and dredged material disposal were reviewed in an attempt to identify similarities and differences. It was believed that differences among each state's regulatory …

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The Relationship Between Perceptions Of Gentrification And Waterfront Revitalization Policies, Noreen Merainer Jan 1988

The Relationship Between Perceptions Of Gentrification And Waterfront Revitalization Policies, Noreen Merainer

Theses and Major Papers

This thesis examines the waterfront revitalization experience in Jersey City, N.J. In particular, the issue of gentrification, as perceived by the city administration, was examined to determine its impact on current city policies. A direct relationship between perceptions of gentrification and waterfront revitalization policies is suggested based on data obtained from detailed interviews and city documents.

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The Exclusive Economic Zone-Considerations For Management With Special Reference To Developing Nations, John G. Catena Jan 1987

The Exclusive Economic Zone-Considerations For Management With Special Reference To Developing Nations, John G. Catena

Theses and Major Papers

Having successfully initiated and developed the legal aspects of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) the challenge which now arises for the developing coastal nations is to implement an ocean management system to more fully realize the potential benefits of extended jurisdiction. This study discusses the needs and problems developing nations may encounter in developing such a management system and also considers the ways and means to meet these needs and overcome these problems. The study suggests that coastal nations should adopt an integrated three phased ocean policy process consisting of a (1) priority establishment phase (policy formulation) (2) strategic phase …

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Balancing Conservation And Development In Maryland's Coastal Zone: A Program Evaluation, James G. Turek Jan 1987

Balancing Conservation And Development In Maryland's Coastal Zone: A Program Evaluation, James G. Turek

Theses and Major Papers

An evaluation of a federal regulatory program administered by the Baltimore District Corps of Engineers (COE), governing certain development activities in Maryland's coastal zone, was conducted to (1) identify cumulative development and wetland impact outcomes that occurred over a 5-year (1981-1985) period; and (2) assess a component of the decision-making process that resulted in these outcomes. This study focuses specifically on program coordination between the COE and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to evaluate how the process has been affected by (1) programmatic changes resultant of the Reagan Administration's regulatory reform; and (2) societal demands as indicated by changes …

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As Assessment Of The Fisheries Research Program Of The National Marine Fisheries Service, Gary Page Bulmer May 1986

As Assessment Of The Fisheries Research Program Of The National Marine Fisheries Service, Gary Page Bulmer

Theses and Major Papers

The nation's fishery management regime has three primary sets of players: the scientific advisors, the managers, and the fishermen. The advisors include federal agencies, state agencies, universities, regional and interstate bodies, and international bodies. The National Marie Fisheries Service (NMFS) has the lead role as scientific advisor. As used here "management" is defined broadly to include the instructions and funding that the researchers are given. "Fisheries research" is also defined broadly for the purposes of this paper. It means the collection of any biological, economic, or social information which is relevant to fisheries management.

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Management Of Marine Fisheries Resources In Peninsular Malaysia, Abdul Jamal Mydin Jan 1986

Management Of Marine Fisheries Resources In Peninsular Malaysia, Abdul Jamal Mydin

Theses and Major Papers

The inshore fisheries of Peninsular Malaysia are intensively exploited on the east coast and over-exploited on the west coast. Fishing effort and investment need to be reduced, particularly on the west coast. This is important in order to make harvest more economically efficient in terms of manpower and capital and to conserve the resources. Since 1981 Malaysia has adopted a Fisheries Licensing Policy addressed to (1) the elimination of the competition and ensuing conflict between the traditional fishermen and minitrawler fishermen in inshore waters; (2) the prevention of over-exploitation of the fishery resources in the inshore waters; and (3) the …

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The Canadian And Soviet Claims To The Arctic Sea Routes: A Comparative Study, Raymond C. Bourgeois Jan 1986

The Canadian And Soviet Claims To The Arctic Sea Routes: A Comparative Study, Raymond C. Bourgeois

Theses and Major Papers

The Arctic Polar Region is becoming increasingly important in terms of strategic operations. especially on the part of the superpowers. Surrounding the Arctic Ocean are two passages through which international navigation is possible. The Northwest Passage lies within Canada's coastline. and the Northeast Passage. within the Soviet Union's northern shores. Both countries have advanced claims to the effect that the waters of these passages are under their respective exclusive jurisdiction; thus. they are claiming these as their internal waters. The US disagrees and maintains that the waters of those northern Arctic sea routes are international waters. This paper discusses the …

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