Environmental Sciences Commons^™

Oyster Spatfall In Virginia Rivers: 1987 Annual Summary, James Whitcomb

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts weekly surveys from June through early October to obtain oyster spatfall information. Spat counts are made on oyster shells strung on wire and suspended from stakes on public and private beds. The number of spat on shells is counted each week of the spawning season to determine the potential of a particular area for receiving a strike and to predict the most likely period the strikes will occur.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 19, No. 4. December 1987

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

BREEDING BIRDS AND VEGETATION STRUCTURE IN WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA WOODED DRAWS ▪ C. A. Faanes

PRODUCTIVITY OF RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. F. Besser, O. E. Bray, J. W. De Grazio, J. L. Guarino, D. L. Gilbert, R. R. Martinka, and D. A. Bysart

DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE MOUNTAIN PLOVER ON THE CHARLES M. RUSSELL NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE ▪ S. L. Olson-Edge and W. D. Edge

EFFECT OF CALCULATION TECHNIQUE ON THE ESTIMATION OF LEAF AREA IN A MIXED …

Wetlands Board Bulletin Vol. Ii, No. 3, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Wetlands Reports

• Tidal Vegetated Wetlands and Shoreline Information by Political Subdivision.
• A Note From the Virginia Marine Resource Commission: Tracking Wetlands Permit Applications.
• Wetlands and Coastal Primary Sand Dune Violation Procedures Jurisdictional Boundaries for Shorelines Charts

Wastewater Management Alternatives For The Salt Pond Region Of Westerly, Rhode Island (With Special Emphasis On The Winnapaug Pond Watershed), John R. King

Theses and Major Papers

As people move toward the coasts in growing numbers, the coastal zone is faced with ever increasing development pressures. The Town of Westerly, Rhode Island is experiencing many of the problems associated with these pressures. In order to expand a motel in the Misquamicut section of Westerly, the current owner of the property has proposed to extend city sewer lines to this area at his own cost. Afterward the line would be turned over to the town. While extension of sewer lines may relieve some local septic system failure problems, it could also spur more rapid and extensive growth. Over-development …

River Discharge Study, Laughlin, Nevada: Field Survey Data, 1987, B. Dennis Hugh, David L. Stringfield, Jill C. Bicknell, Robert A. Ryder, Clark County Sanitation District, Nevada

Publications (WR)

A report of the first field data collection effort for the Laughlin River Discharge Study, conducted by Kennedy/Jenks/ChiIton in February, 1987, on the Mohave Reach of the Colorado River. This report also serves to transmit the laboratory analysis reports for all of the analyses performed and summary tables of the results.

This report is organized as follows:

1. Field Conditions and Methodology

2. Summary of Sampling and Analysis Results

3. Deviations from the Proposed Sampling Program

4. Recommendations for Future Sampling

5. Attachments:

A. Climatological Data

B. Davis Dam Average Hourly Releases

C. Laboratory Analysis Reports

The Probe, Issue 78 - December 1987

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
DECEMBER, 1987
3rd Wildlife Damage Control Conference
EPA
Audubon Magazine
Black Bears
APHIS Activity Report
Gray Squirrels
Letters to Ye Ed
Steel-jaw Traps
The American Veterinary Medical Assoc. Executive Beard revised its position statement on traps
Guard Dogs
Coyote Control by Air
Personnel

Monthly Planet, 1987, December, Erin Wright, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

Lake Mead Prefertilization Study: Preliminary Nutrient Enhancement Studies In Lake Mead, Richard P. Axler, Larry J. Paulson, Patrick J. Sollberger, Donald H. Baepler, U.S. Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Studies conducted by the University of Nevada-Las Vegas (UNLV), the Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW), the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD), The Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP), and the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) have identified decreased algal production as a major factor involved in the decline of the Lake Mead sport fishery. Phosphorus-laden silt particles in the Colorado River have been sedimenting out in Lake Powell since the completion of Glen Canyon Dam 286 miles upstream in 1963. This sharp decrease in phosphorus loading to Lake Mead (>5000 tons per year) has resulted in decreased …

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 12, Nov. 1987, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

The Probe, Issue 77 - November 1987

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
NOVEMBER, 1987
Duck Hunting Regulations
Cranes
APHIS Activity Report
Bombardier Muskeg Tractor
Hunting License Sales
Letters to Ye Ed
Bird Species Endemic
Arizona Bear Society
A Pest Population Compensating for Mortality Due to Pest Control Measures
Cat Farm
Trupeter Swan colony
Animal Rights

Monthly Planet, 1987, Novemeber, Erin Wright, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

Water Erosion In The Geraldton Area During June-July 1986, K J. Bligh

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Urban Gray Squirrel Damage And Population Management: A Case History, J. Hadidian, D. Manski, V. Flyger, C. Cox, G. Hodge

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

Lafayette Park, a 3.0 hectare national park located across the street from the White House in Washington D.C., has had a gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) density as high as 50 animals/hectare. In recent years this large population caused significant damage to mature trees and other vegetation. In keeping with the legislative mandate to protect and preserve the historic landscape in Lafayette Park, the National Park Service implemented a squirrel management program following an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach. The population was studied and monitored to determine the ecological bases for high squirrel numbers. Action was taken through a …

Preliminary Testing Of A Selenium-Based Systemic Deer Browse Repellent, T.R. Angradi, W.M. Tzilkowski

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

Silviculturists use a variety of techniques, including repellents, to reduce browse damage by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to valuable eastern hardwood seedlings. Systemic selenium, sodium selenite, was evaluated with captive white-tailed deer for its repellency in white ash (Fraxinus americana) and black cherry (Prunus serotina) seedlings. Selenium had no effect in reducing browsing of black cherry. However, there was a reduction (p<0.05) in the white ash browsing level.

State/Federal/Private Cooperative Program Relationships In Wildlife Damage Control, Rene M. Bollengier Jr.

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

On December 19, 1985, Congress transferred the Animal Damage Control (ADC).program from Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), Department of the Interior, to Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The transfer of personnel and equipment was officially completed on April 1, 1986. The transfer brought to USDA personnel with hundreds of years of collective animal damage control experience in agricultural and non-agricultural types of man/wildlife conflicts.

Frogs Captured In Green Bean Harvest:Analysis Of A Pest Problem, Donald F. Caccamise

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

In southern New Jersey a new agricultural pest problem has seriously impacted production of green beans for plant processing. Newly acquired harvesters inadvertently capture frogs, which are difficult and expensive to remove from harvested beans. Goals of this project were to (1) define the biological properties of the pest problem, and (2) identify biologically sound and effective methods to manage the problem.

Fowler's toad (Bufo woodhousei fowleri) was the most numerous (82%) of 9 species sorted from harvested beans, and it was also the most common in field censuses (76%). Density estimates based on field censuses were higher …

Status Of The Coyote In The Northeastern United States, Robert E. Chambers

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

This report represents a summary of information derived from responses to mail questionnaires from the state wildlife agencies in 16 northern states extending from Maine to Minnesota with minor modifications by the author where experience deemed it feasible.

Coyotes-historically present in prairie regions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana and Michigan- have extended their range eastward to the Atlantic Ocean and are now present throughout most of the northeastern states with the exception of Delaware and the major metropolitan areas of Philadelphia and New York City. Of the eastern states only New York has suggested that their population may have arisen …

Public Tolerance Of Deer In A Suburban Environment: Implications For Management And Control, Nancy A. Connelly, Daniel J. Decker, Sam Wear

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

A mail survey of residents in suburban northern Westchester County, New York was conducted to determine the nature and extent of deer damage in the county, the importance of deer damage relative to other deer-human interactions, and residents' perceptions of costs and benefits associated with the deer herd. The estimated cost of damage to plantings was quite high, $6.4 million to $9.5 million (depending on the type of assumptions concerning non-respondents). Most respondents used some form of deer damage control (estimated to cost $1.2 to $1.8 million/year), but few people reported their problems to officials. Although these costs were high, …

The Urban-Suburban Canada Goose: An Example Of Short-Sighted Management?, Michael R. Conover

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

During the last 30 years, Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) populations have become established in many urban and suburban parts of North America. Most of these scattered populations were established when live geese were released in these areas or nearby rural areas by individual hunters, sportmen's groups and game agencies. The birds quickly found lawns in urban-suburban areas an abundant source of nutritious grass for grazing and discovered people willing to provide supplementary handouts. The resident goose populations thrived; in Connecticut alone their population has increased to 9,000. However, the increased populations contributed little to the hunter's take because the geese …

New Uses Of Livestock Guarding Dogs To Reduce Agriculture/Wildlife Conflicts, R. Coppinger, J. Lorenz, Lorna Coppinger

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

Pilot programs in several states have shown that livestock guarding dogs are 70-80% effective in reducing predation on livestock by wildlife, primarily coyotes. In order to increase that percentage, ineffective dogs were studied and new techniques tested that had the potential of turning problems into successes.

From the population of over 1,000 dogs that has been placed on farms and ranches nationwide during the past ten years under the auspices of the Livestock Dog Project at Hampshire College, data was analyzed for each of the three basic behaviors (trustworthy, attentive, protective) that a good guardian needs to exhibit. A wide …

Management Of Suburban Deer: An Emerging Controversy, Daniel J. Decker

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

During the last 10 years the presence of deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in suburban areas has become an increasing concern from the standpoint of damage and nuisance problems. It is unclear whether (a) overall deer numbers in suburban environments have increased (possibly because of residential development in "natural" settings and creation of food sources represented by residents' ornamental plantings and vegetable gardens), (b) more development in suburban areas has forced deer into adjacent remaining patches of suitable habitat, resulting in increased deer densities in certain localities, or (c) some combination of both. Regardless of the factors perpetrating the situation, …

Categorization And Seasonal Periodicity Of Terrestrial Vertebrate Pest Control Inquiries In Virginiav, Harry J. Dutton, Jefferson L. Waldon, Peter L. Bromley

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

Information requests for species-specific preventive and control measures directed to the state's extension wildlife specialist were recorded by species or species group, month, day, and year, and by type of human group inquiring. Skunks (15.5%), snakes (14.7%), and bats (10.9%) were inquired about most often. Homeowners (67.4%) were the most frequent inquirers. Summer (43.5%) and spring (29.0%) were the seasons when most information requests occurred. Woodpeckers (16.0%) were the most frequently reported species in the spring. In the summer, the most frequently requested information was about bats (20.2%). Snakes (29.7%) were the most frequently reported species in the fall. Over …

The Bird Strike Hazard (Bash) Program, Capt. Edgardo R. Farrraro, Capt. Russell P. Defusco

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

The hazards birds pose to aircraft has been of concern to the Air Force for more than 20 years. After losing several aircraft due to bird strikes in the early 1960's, the Air Force formed a team to evaluate bird hazards to Air Force aircraft. The team, from the Air Force Weapons Laboratory (AFWL) at Kirtland AFB NM, handed over this mission to the Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Team at HQ Air Force Engineering and Services Center (AFESC) at Tyndall AFB in 1975. In 1986 (October) the BASH team moved to Boiling AFB, Washington DC.

The Air Force sustains …

Frontmatter And Contents

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD EASTERN WILDLIFE DAMAGE CONTROL CONFERENCE

Temporal Use Patterns Of Wintering Starlings At A Southeastern Livestock Farm: Implications For Damage Control, J.F. Glahn, S.K. Timbrook, D.J. Twedt

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

The farm use patterns of individually marked and transmitter-equipped starlings at a livestock farm in south-central Kentucky were studied each month during the principal damage period (December-February) of 1982-83 and 1984-85 following a pilot study in January and February of 1980. In addition to intensive observation at the farm, sightings of tagged starlings away from the farm were solicited from the public and mapped. For each year of data on individual starlings that used the farm at least once after marking, the expected frequencies of farm occurrence were calculated and compared to observed frequencies. In all 3 years, there was …

Involving Hunting And Trapping In Cooperative Wildlife Damage Control, Ed Hackett

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

The perception of a wildlife damage problem may vary greatly among groups with a stake in the problem. To the deer hunter, there is no such problem as too many deer. To the farmer, in the midst of a personal economic disaster, one deer may seem too many. To the conservation officer (CO) who has spent a career building deer populations, the farmer's problem may be a sign of success. To the USDA-APHISADC staff member, solving the farmer's problem may be the most important issue. The key to resolving these conflicting views of the same event is to make each …

Fox Squirrels Cause Power Outages: An Urban Wildlife Problem, J.C. Hamilton, R. J. Johnson, R. M. Case, M. W. Riley, W. W. Stroup

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

In urban areas, power outages are caused each year by fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) that use electrical power equipment as travel lanes, rest sites, or for other activities. When a squirrel crosses a live bare wire on a transformer, the result is a blown fuse and electrocution of the squirrel. Power company outage reports were examined to determine when and where squirrel-caused outages occurred. Sixteen field sites in Lincoln were selected for study. Eight sites encircled transformers with ≥4 squirrel-caused outages, 1980-1985, and eight were adjacent control sites with no such outages. Squirrel behavior in relation to power …

Distribution And Impact Of Canada Goose Crop Damage In East-Central Wisconsin, James Heinrich, Scott Craven

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

The steady increase in the numbers of Canada geese on or near Horicon National Wildlife Refuge since its establishment in the early 1940s has resulted in many opportunities, and a few difficult problems. The problem of crop depredations has plagued the Horicon area since the mid-1960s. Each increase in goose numbers has brought with it renewed farmer concern, and each incident has resulted in some change in goose management direction. Increasing problems, more geese, lower harvest quotas, and the new Wisconsin Wildlife Damage Program combined to encourage the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) to take a comprehensive look at …

Controlling Blackbirds And Starlings At Winter Roosts Using Pa-14, J.F. Heisterberg, A.R. Stickley Jr., K.M. Garner, P.D. Foster Jr.

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

The only EPA-registered chemical for lethal control of winter roosting blackbird (Icterinae) and European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) populations is Compound PA-14 Avian Lethal Agent (PA-14). Between 1978 and 1987, 39 PA-14 spray operations, 15 by helicopter and 24 by ground-based spray systems, have been conducted at 33 winter roosts in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama. In-roost bird mortality for the aerial operations have been poor, averaging only 4% of the pretreatment roost populations or 114,000 birds killed per spray operation. Although very labor-intensive, a ground-based sprinkler system application method has proven much more successful, averaging 67% in-roost bird mortality …

Great-Tailed Grackle Predation On South Texas Citrus (Identifying A Unique Problem), John Hobbs, Fred G. Leon Iii

Third Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1987)

The December 1983 freeze inflicted tremendous damage to the South Texas groves and reduced tree by approximately fifty Additionally, it is believed that Great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) populations increased over the past few years. With decreased citrus acreage and increased grackle numbers, the severe negative effects are economically significant to the Texas citrus industry.

Grackle damage to grapefruit and oranges differs in type and economic importance. The first is "cosmetic" in nature, small pecks or scratches on the fruit skin, and downgrades the fruit, reducing its value. The second is actual crop loss due to consumption of fruit …