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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Volcanology
Petrogenesis Of Basaltic Lavas In Iceland And The Springerville Volcanic Field, U.S.A.: The Influence Of Tectonic Setting, Depth Of Melting And Volatiles, Marissa Mnich
Doctoral Dissertations
Icelandic basalts were long thought to be low in water (e.g. Gunnarsson et al., 1998), but more recent studies suggest that hotspots, like the Iceland mantle plume, may be a source of hydrous basaltic melts (Nichols et al., 2002). To explore a possible link between location, volatile concentration and resulting petrogenetic implications, samples were collected from eleven volcanic centers throughout Iceland. Water concentrations were measured in melt inclusions and phenocrysts using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results for a subset of samples indicate variable water in melt inclusions ranging from approximately 50 ppm to over 3000 ppm. Samples from southwestern …
Volatiles In Subglacially Erupted Basaltic Glasses And Their Use In Reconstructing Paleo-Ice Thicknesses, Carver Lee
Volatiles In Subglacially Erupted Basaltic Glasses And Their Use In Reconstructing Paleo-Ice Thicknesses, Carver Lee
Masters Theses
Volatile concentrations in basaltic tuyas, edifices that form during a subglacial eruption and remain once the ice sheet has retreated, have been used to calculate the thickness of the overlying ice sheet at the onset of the eruption (Tuffen, 2010). However, subglacial eruptions are complex events and this technique does not always provide a clear answer (Schopka et al., 2006; Edwards et al., 2009). The purpose of this research is to evaluate this technique and investigate constraints on the quality of data collected by attempting to calculate the minimum ice thickness under which Hlöðufell, a tuya in south-central Iceland, erupted. …
An Integrated Study Of The South-Central Part Of The Springerville Volcanic Field; The Final Piece, Marissa Mnich
An Integrated Study Of The South-Central Part Of The Springerville Volcanic Field; The Final Piece, Marissa Mnich
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
The Springerville Volcanic Field (SVF) is a monogenetic volcanic field located in east-central Arizona and is the southernmost of several late Pliocene to Holocene volcanic fields along the margin of the Colorado Plateau. It encompasses an area of over 3000 km2 and consists of over 450 vents, most of which are cinder cones, which produced mainly basaltic flows, between 2.1 and 0.3 Ma. About 85% of the SVF was previously mapped in detail by Condit, Crumpler and Aubele (1999). In the summers of 2010 and 2011, mapping was completed in the remaining portion of the field known as the …
Evolution Of Volatile Content Of The Parent Magma Of The 1875 Eruption Of Askja Volcano, Iceland, Heather A. Clark
Evolution Of Volatile Content Of The Parent Magma Of The 1875 Eruption Of Askja Volcano, Iceland, Heather A. Clark
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
The bulk of the eruption of Askja in north central Iceland on March 28-29 1875 consisted of a plinian eruption that lasted 6-7 hours, produced 0.2 km3 of ash and rhyolitic pumice, and created a surge and partially welded ash/pumice fall deposit that crops out on the shore of the modern caldera lake (Sparks et al. 1981). We evaluate the volatile budget of the magma during the eruption and focus on water concentration in glass fragments and shards, glass adjacent to crystals, and melt inclusions (MIs). Sparks et al. (1981) estimated the gas exit velocity at the vent was …