Geology Commons^™

Unearthing The Past: A Comprehensive Study Of Natural And Anthropogenic Changes At An Archaeological Site Through Hydrogeologic Connectivity Utilizing Gis, Mehlich Ii Phosphorus Extractant, And Ph, Dana L. F. Herren

Theses

This thesis aims to thoroughly analyze the Mehlich II Phosphorus Extractant and pH levels at the Bains Gap Village Site in Anniston, AL., while examining the impact of various environmental factors and human activities on them. Phosphorus is often used in archaeology as an indicator of human activity. Soil core samples were collected to analyze anomalies in phosphorus levels.

To establish any relationships, phosphorus and pH levels from soil cores were correlated with findings from past excavation units and features. The potential effects of hydrogeologic connectivity on soil phosphorus and pH levels were investigated. Geospatial technologies were used to manage …

Aroutcrop: An Augmented Reality Mobile Application For Enhancing Geoscience Learning And Comprehension In The Field And Classroom, Benjamin S. Wilkerson, Zachary Wilkerson, M. Scott Wilkerson

Student Research

Most geologists have long recognized the educational value of immersive opportunities and hands-on experiences that teaching geology in the field and using natural rock samples in the classroom offer students. However, these instructional approaches also give rise to distinct logistical and pedagogical challenges. For example, in the field, students sometimes struggle to fully connect concepts, models, and interpretations from classroom lectures with seemingly amorphous masses of rock that they encounter. Or, in the classroom, students may only have limited time for analysis when passing individual hand specimens person-to-person, and may not have access to valuable or fragile samples outside of …

Reducing Uncertainty In Sea-Level Rise Prediction: A Spatial-Variability-Aware Approach, Subhankar Ghosh, Shuai An, Arun Sharma, Jayant Gupta, Shashi Shekhar, Aneesh Subramanian

I-GUIDE Forum

Given multi-model ensemble climate projections, the goal is to accurately and reliably predict future sea-level rise while lowering the uncertainty. This problem is important because sea-level rise affects millions of people in coastal communities and beyond due to climate change's impacts on polar ice sheets and the ocean. This problem is challenging due to spatial variability and unknowns such as possible tipping points (e.g., collapse of Greenland or West Antarctic ice-shelf), climate feedback loops (e.g., clouds, permafrost thawing), future policy decisions, and human actions. Most existing climate modeling approaches use the same set of weights globally, during either regression or …

Towards Automated Mineral Identification In Martian Rocks From X-Ray Diffraction Patterns, Luke Tambakis

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The CheMin (Chemistry and Mineralogy) instrument on the Curiosity rover has provided a rich set of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns from Martian rocks and regolith. These XRD patterns have allowed geologists to make exciting new discoveries about the mineralogy and the geological history of Mars. These discoveries pave the way for further Martian exploration and provide a deeper understanding of Martian geology. The Curiosity rover is very slow by design, travelling at about 4 cm/s. New, faster rovers are being developed to increase scientific throughput and exploration. XRD is valuable for future missions as it can produce new discov- eries …

Enhancing Basic Geology Skills With Artificial Intelligence: An Exploration Of Automated Reasoning In Field Geology, Perry Ivan Quinto Houser

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This thesis explores the use of Artificial Intelligence, specifically semantics, ontologies, and reasoner techniques, to improve field geology mapping. The thesis focuses on two use cases: 1) identifying a geologic formation based on observed characteristics; and 2) predicting the geologic formation that might be expected next based upon known stratigraphic sequence. The results show that the ontology was able to correctly identify the geologic formation for the majority of rock descriptions, with higher search results for descriptions that provided more detail. Similarly, the units expected next were correctly given and if incorrect, would provide a flag to the field geologist …

Visual Analytics And Modeling Of Materials Property Data, Diwas Bhattarai

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Due to significant advancements in experimental and computational techniques, materials data are abundant. To facilitate data-driven research, it calls for a system for managing and sharing data and supporting a set of tools for effective data analysis and modeling. Generally, a given material property M can be considered as a multivariate data problem. The dimensions of M are the values of the property itself, the conditions (pressure P, temperature T, and multi-component composition X) that control the concerned property, and relevant metadata I (source, date).

Here we present a comprehensive database considering both experimental and computational sources …

Cosemiprime Ring, Muntaha Abdul- Razaq Hasan

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

In this paper ,we introduce a new type of rings,namely cosemiprime ringas a generalization of semiprime ring,where a ring C is said to be cosemiprime ring if I= for each ideal I of C .Some properties of this type of rings are obtained . Also,we determin the relationship among types of ideals in this ring.

Review Of Key Derivation Functions In Cryptographic Systems, Hasan Kadhim A. Alsuwaiedi, Abdul Monem S. Rahma

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Because of its significance in the formation of the core of encryption/decryption algorithms, the key derivation function (KDF) or pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) plays a major part in the cryptographic system. Random numbers are required for the usage of encryption and decryption techniques in a variety of network security applications. In this research we Focus on key generation functions, which are an important aspect of symmetric and asymmetric algorithms. Disgusting the background of PRNG basics and attempting to characterize and evaluate several publications that offer proposals for key generators.

The Refractive Index Of Photonic Crystal Fibers As A Function Of Some Parameters And Temperature, Mohammed Salim Jasim, Nadia Al-Aboody

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Photonic crystal fibers in the late period occupied a wide range of studies and research because of the ease of dealing with them in terms of design and installation, as there is a group of parameters used in them that can affect the refractive index of the pulse propagation through it, including the diameter of the air holes, the distance between the air holes and their number, as this study showed in addition to the aforementioned parameters The effect of temperature on the refractive index was also studied. It has been observed that with an increase in the diameter of …

Common Fixed Point Theorems By Using Two Mappings In B-Rectangular Metric Space, Qasim K. Kadhim

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

In this paper, the aim to obtain the existence and uniqueness of some common fixed point theorem on b-rectangular metric space by using new conditions including rational, maximum, minimum and combination for two mappings.

Environmental And Diagnostic Study Of Some Parasites In River Diwaniyah-Fish Of Al Xanthopterus, Abtisam Jasim Abbas

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The current study was concerned with investigating parasitic infections in Barbus Xanthopterus fish in Al-Diwaniyah River, for the period (July 2020-December 2020). (218) fish were collected from three different locations along the Al-Diwaniyah River. The results of the laboratory examination indicated that the fish were infected with the parasite Chilodonella Cyprinid and Eimiria sinenis. The current study recorded changes in the physical and chemical properties of Al-Diwaniyah River water, as the water temperature values, measured turbidity values, pH, electrical conductivity, hardness and TDS recorded a clear variation during the months of the study. The results of the statistical analysis indicated …

Some Properties Of Almost Periodic Points In A Random Dynamical System, Qays Arif Wali, Ihsan Jabbar

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

No abstract provided.

Preparation And Study Of Tin And Gallium Thin Films On Silicon Substrates, Maher Nadher Abdullah

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

In this research, the ideal procedures were obtained for growth epitaxial layers of tin and gallium solutions which are solid solutions, and the two solutions of the molten material were dissolved on a silicon substrate. The results were to obtain the lowest dislocation density of thin films. The relationship between the dislocation densities of thin films and the thickness of the thin film was an exponential relationship between its variable values. Thin films with a compound containing a smooth structure varied in order were obtained by smoothly changing the lattice parameters of the gradient gap solid solution, and an ideal …

Correlation And Comparison Of Some Trace Elements And Their Related Proteins In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Kalars City/ Kurdistan-Iraq, Hero Helal Muhammed Saed, Zeyan Abdullah Ali

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

No abstract provided.

Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Proteus Mirabillis That Isolates Of Diabetic Foot Ulcers In Al- Diwaniyah Hospital, Aseel Hussein Jaber, Suaad A. Fazaa Almiyah

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The current study have been included 250 samples diabetic foot ulcer patients attending in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and private clinics at a period of study from beginning October 2021 to February 2022, Isolates were identified by morphological form on blood agar and macConkey agar, traditional biochemical tests and then confirmed by Vitek 2 system. The result of bacterial culture have been recorded that only 80 samples had positive result to P. mirabilis formed (32%) of this result. Prevalence of P. mirabilis isolates in male more than female (34.78%) and (28.57%) respectively, after then were determination of antibiotics susceptibility pattern of …

Supra-Approximation Spaces Using Combined Edges Systems, Hussein R. Jaffer, Khalid Sh. Al’Dzhabri

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The primary in this paper's notion, the i-space using incident edges system (resp. n-space using non-incidental edges system), is what this study is responsible for generating and investigating. Additionally, we used c-interior to define the c-lower approximations in generalized rough set theory (resp. i-interior and n-interior) Additionally, the c-upper approximations are defined using c-closure (as opposed to i-closure and n-closure), and some of its characteristics are studied.

Study Of Transitive Random Dynamical Systems, Salam T. Abbas, Ihsan J. Kadhim

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

No abstract provided.

Candida Spp. Associated With Covid-19 And Its Susceptibility To Some Antifungals, Mohammed Mudhafar Alkhuzaie, Neeran Obied Jasim

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The aim of this study was to conduct a survey of the Candida species associated with COVID-19 viral infection in 150 patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq, for a five-month period from October 2021 to February 2022. The results indicated the dominance of Candida spp. over the rest of the isolated fungal species, with 97 isolates (64.66%). C. albicans was shown to be the most abundant species with a percentage of 55.67 percent (P 0.05), compared to the other Candida species that were isolated (Candida tropicalis 13.4 percent, …

Fungal And Trichothecenes (Tct) Contamination Of Poultry Feed From Duhok Province, Kurdistan Of Iraq, L. F. Hussei A. A. M. Saadullah

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Fungi are capable of reducing the nutritional value of food for human and animals and producing many mycotoxins. Mycotoxins-contaminated animal feed has adverse effects on productivity and animal health. As well, mycotoxins may be carried over into meat and eggs when poultry are fed with contaminated feed. Data on the occurrence of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in poultry feed from Kurdistan region of Iraq are very limited. T-2 toxin is the most toxic type A trichothecene mycotoxin. It is the secondary metabolite of the Fusarium fungi, and is common in grains and animal feed. Toxic effects have been shown both …

Omitted - Value Transformation For A Complex Differential Equations, Shatha S. Alhily, Fatima Ah. Mazloum

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

No abstract provided.

Comparative Physiology Study Of Side Effect Between Xenical And Lipo-6 Supplements Which Treated Obese Rabbets, Hayder Ghazib Abdulshaheed

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Obesity is rapidly becoming a health problem, and it is considered a metabolic disease of epidemic proportions. Obesity is also associated with many comorbidities such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, atherosclerosis, cancer. Use of over-the-counter weight-loss supplements has become more common in the world; Xenical and Lipo-6 are two examples of nutritional supplements that do not pass safety research before being sold to the consumer. The ability of Xenical and lipo-6 supplements on DNA fragmentation in human lymphocytes was studied, where these cells represent important defense line of the body. On other hand, thirty white rabbits Iraqis in this experiment, weighing …

Steganography Using Syntactic Method, Saad Nasser Al.Azzam, Fahad Ali Al-Qarni

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Information security, which is becoming more crucial as information sharing plays an increasingly significant part in the day-to-day activities of today's people, is one of the methods that may be used for information security. For the sake of information security, we present a method to linguistic steganography that is based on syntactic banks.

While the unprocessed input a phrase structure of the sentence is produced by parsing the sentence using the Stanford parser, which can create a phrase structure of the sentence.

They create the grammatical structure of the sentence. The input secret message is encoded using Shannon-Fano coding in …

Water Quality Evaluation Of The Main Drain In Dhi-Qar Governorate, South Iraq, Ali H. Nomas, Ayser Al-Shamma

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The Main Drain is one of the largest irrigation projects which is used to collect drainage water from the lands extended on both sides of the water channel and diverts it to Shatt Al-Arab and from there to the Arabian Gulf. The Main Drain passed in Dhi-Qar Governorate to the northeast of Nasiriyah oil field in the Kati’a area, which is about 38 km from the center of the city of Nasiriyah. The objective of the present research is to evaluate the water quality, and its temporal change of the Main Drain, and if there is an impact of the …

Evaluating The Use Of Environmental Tracers To Reduce Conceptual Model Uncertainty Of Hydrogeologic Models, Andrew Nordberg, Jon Graham, W. Payton Gardner

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Environmental tracer concentrations for CFC12, SF6, and tritium are used in groundwater simulations to assess the ability of these tracers to reduce conceptual model uncertainty due to uncertainty of a site’s geologic and recharge characterization. The resulting groundwater simulations are characterized by site-specific hydrologic and geologic data, and with coordination from a field team with years of knowledge about the site. First-order (conceptual) uncertainty is directly addressed by using a stochastic modeling approach for spatial variability of the proposed subsurface configurations. Simulations of environmental tracer concentrations and water levels are used to assess six alternate conceptual models that are based …

Glacier Segmentation From Remote Sensing Imagery Using Deep Learning, Bibek Aryal

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Large-scale study of glaciers improves our understanding of global glacier change and is imperative for monitoring the ecological environment, preventing disasters, and studying the effects of global climate change. In recent years, remote sensing imagery has been preferred over riskier and resource-intensive field visits for tracking landscape level changes like glaciers. However, periodic manual labeling of glaciers over a large area is not feasible due to the considerable amount of time it requires while automatic segmentation of glaciers has its own set of challenges. Our work aims to study the challenges associated with segmentation of glaciers from remote sensing imagery …

Decision Making Under Uncertainty With A Special Emphasis On Geosciences And Education, Laxman Bokati

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In many practical situations, we need to make a decision. In engineering, we need to decideon the best design of a system, and, for existing systems - on the best control strategy. In financial applications, we need to decide what is the best way to invest money. In geosciences, we need to decide whether we should explore a possible mineral deposit - or whether we should perform more experiments and measurements (and what exactly). In some cases, we can compute the exact consequences of each decision - e.g., if we are controlling a satellite. However, in many other cases, we …

Computational Approaches To Understanding Subduction Zone Geodynamics, Surface Heat Flow, And The Metamorphic Rock Record, Buchanan C. Kerswell

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Pressure-temperature (PT) estimates from exhumed high-pressure (HP) metamorphic rocks and global surface heat flow observations evidently encode information about subduction zone thermal structure and the nature of mechanical and chemical processing of subducted materials along the interface between converging plates. Previous work demonstrates the possibility of decoding such geodynamic information by comparing numerical geodynamic models with empirical observations of surface heat flow and the metamorphic rock record. However, ambiguous interpretations can arise from this line of inquiry with respect to thermal gradients, plate coupling, and detachment and recovery of subducted materials. This dissertation applies a variety of computational techniques to …

*Interactive Earthquake Visualization With Open Data, Matous Hybl

Campus Research Day

Because earthquakes claim thousands of lives and billions of dollars yearly, there is a great need to recognize patterns in seismic data. While some tools for analysis exist, most geological software is expensive and open earthquake visualizations are limited. In this project, we provide accessible earthquake visualizations aimed to encourage geologists, and science enthusiasts in general, to explore open data using accessible, yet powerful, tools.

Automatic Segmentation Of Sinkholes Using A Convolutional Neural Network, Muhammad Usman Rafique, Junfeng Zhu, Nathan Jacobs

Faculty, Staff, and Affiliated Publications--KGS

Sinkholes are the most abundant surface features in karst areas worldwide. Understanding sinkhole occurrences and characteristics is critical for studying karst aquifers and mitigating sinkhole-related hazards. Most sinkholes appear on the land surface as depressions or cover collapses and are commonly mapped from elevation data, such as digital elevation models (DEMs). Existing methods for identifying sinkholes from DEMs often require two steps: locating surface depressions and separating sinkholes from non-sinkhole depressions. In this study, we explored deep learning to directly identify sinkholes from DEM data and aerial imagery. A key contribution of our study is an evaluation of various ways …

Application Of Gravity Data For Hydrocarbon Exploration Using Machine Learning Assisted Workflow, Oluwafemi Temidayo Alaofin

LSU Master's Theses

Gravity survey has played an essential role in many geoscience fields ever since it was conducted, especially as an early screening tool for subsurface hydrocarbon exploration. With continued improvement in data processing techniques and gravity survey accuracy, in-depth gravity anomaly studies, such as characterization of Bouguer and isostatic residual anomalies, have the potential to delineate prolific regional structures and hydrocarbon basins. In this study, we focus on developing a cost-effective, quick, and computationally efficient screening tool for hydrocarbon exploration using gravity data employing machine learning techniques. Since land-based gravity surveys are often expensive and difficult to obtain in remote places, …