Chemistry Commons^™

A Study Of The Velocity Of Ions In Silica Gels When Under The Influence Of A Potential, John Galaba

Honors Theses

There is speculation among chemists as to the structure of gels. In an effort to get information on this subject, chemists have studied the properties of and reactions in gels. The results have led to conflicting theories. This work measuring the velocity of ions in silica gel has been done in the hope that it may add to the knowledge of the behavior of gels and furnish a further clue towards the correct structure of silica gels.

The Effect Of Certain Organic Compounds On The Time Of Set Of Silicic Acid Gels, Daniel Howell Carver

Honors Theses

When a sodium silicate solution and an acid are mixed, a gel is sooner or later formed. The spped of gelation is a variable, and it depends on a number of factors, of which there are four fundamental ones. There are as follows: (1) The concentration of water glass (2) The concentration of acid (3) Agitation (4) Temperature. In this investigation of time of set, these four elements were kept as constant as possible. There is a fifth factor of real importance. This is one that has to do with the addition of some impurity. Of course if the impurity …

Study On Gels; An Attempt To Formulate A Theory To Account For The Liesegang Phenomenon, Casimir Bieleski

Honors Theses

For some forty years the explanation of Liesegongs rings has haunted the minds of colloid chemists. From observing the formation of various insoluble precipitate in different media, numerous theories were fabricated as will be recounted in the historical portion of this thesis. All of the theories were formed from external observation only. Some investigators used supersaturation, some adsorption, and others peptization to explain the phenomena. But this was at best an inductive guess. In trying to get inside the gel to observe what went on, it was decided to use the probing electrode. With the electrode it was possible to …

A Study Of The Structure Of Silicic Acid Gels, Charles Lawrence Raymond

Honors Theses

The general purpose of this investigation was an inquiry into the structure and process of setting of Silicic acid gels. The particular object of the work was to obtain quantitative results determining whether or not the structure of the acid radical or silicate radical in the sodium silicate could be changed by allowing the sodium silicate to react with sodium hydroxide, and if so whether or not such a change in structure would effect the time of set if gel. This investigation was carried out in collaboration with other work being done at Union College on several analyzed sodium Silicates …

The Adsorption Of Inorganic Material By Precipitated Aluminum Silicate, William Fiedler

Honors Theses

The gelatinous character of precipitated aluminum silicates suggested their possible use as adsorbents. A survey of the literature reveals many studies of the absorption of organic material by the natural clays such as Japanese acid clay, Fuller’s earth, Florida earth and kaolin. These concern special studies of these clays taken from various deposits. Many of them deal with applications of the clays to decolorizing the products of the petroleum industry. N.A. Held1 studied the absorption of the chlorides of aluminum and thorium by five different Russian clays. He found that the chloridesion is absorbed in negligible quantities, while the aluminum …

A Study Of The Temperature Of The Vapor Above A Boiling Salt Solution, Leo Wilson Scott

Honors Theses

The problem of temperature of the vapor over a boiling salt solution, has attracted a great deal of interest in the past, due partly to the conflicting data to be had and to the apparent paradox in the statement of Michael Faraday "that the temperature of the vapor over a boiling solution was the same as it would be over the boiling pure solvent."

The Effect Of Amines On The Setting Time Of Silicic Acid Gels, Phillip Holmes Dewey

Honors Theses

It is known that when sodium silicate solution and an acid are mixed, a gel is sooner or later formed. The speed of gelation depends on a number of factors. The fundamental factors on which gelation depends are- (l) The concentration of water glass (2) The concentration of acid (3) Agitation (4) Temperature In this work, these four factors were kept as constant as possible. It is also known that the presence of NH3 considerably reduces the time of set. In this work, the effect of CH3 NH2, which is closely related to NH3, was studied. The effect of methyl …

The Crystallation Of Estrogen-Binding Protein From Candida Albicans, Carl Francis Ackerbauer

Honors Theses

Cells of the type, Pt +, Metallic Salt, Incadescent Electric Lamp, were investigated for a study of the elctrolytic proceses whereby various ions entered and replaced others already in the glass. The medium has a high viscosity even to temperatures of several hundred degrees. The Study was confined to the nature of the changes and a possible quantitative result. Glass conducts electrolytically at all temperatures but more so at high temperatures, the Na + travels toward the cathode while the Sio--, not being a simple ion, and being very sluggish remains practically stationary. If the material, capable of supplying ions …

A Study Of Some Properties Of Silicic Acid Gels, William Joseph Rothemich Jr.

Honors Theses

When a solution of sodium silicate or water glass is mixed with an acid sooner or later a gel is formed. The speed of gelation is known to be dependent upon the concentration of water glass, the excess of acid or alkali present, agitation, temperature, and the kind of acid used. In my work with the setting of the gels these five points were kept as constant as possible.

A Study Of The Dissociation Of Calcium Hydride, Kenneth Elwin Walker

Honors Theses

The calcium hydride equilibrium has been investigated by a number of men but the results obtained have been almost as diversified as the the number of workers. There is considerable doubt as to the mechanism of the dissociation and the compounds formed. Some workers claim evidence of the two hydrides while others found only the normal hydride, CaH2. In most of the previous work, the equilibrium has been more or less disturbed by the volatility of the calcium and the hydride and also the reaction of the calcium or the hydride on the quartz containers. In this work an attempt …

A Study Of The Electrical Resistance Of Glass As A Function Of The Temperature, William Alfred Yager

Honors Theses

This work was undertaken with the initial intention of determining the specific resistance of various kinds of glass as a function of the temperature. Various methods of measuring the resistance of glass were tried. In this experimental work, 60 cycle alternating current was used throughout while the conductivity unit shown in Plate 1 proved a very satisfactory and convenient arrangement for comparing the resistance of glass at various temperatures. Time did not permit the measurement of specific resistances as intended.

A Study Of The Baking Process Of Oil Varnishes And Enamels, Roy Herman Kienle

Honors Theses

Before any object which has been given a coat of varnish or enamel is ready for use, the varnish film must be converted to the solid state. This is accomplished either by allowing the film to air dry or by baking it. For a considerable number of purposes air drying is satisfactory. However, in some of our largest industrial applications, as for example in portions of the electrical and automobile industries where the most severe requirements are demanded of a varnish film, baking is extensively used. In certain of these manufacturing operations, as in the manufacture of enameled wire, and …

Measurement Of Particle Size And Distribution In A Suspension, William Tappen Eveleth

Honors Theses

The purpose of the present investigation was the determination of size of "Glyptal" in suspension.

Studies Of Alkali Metals, Lester Clark Lewis

Honors Theses

Studies of the alkali metals have directness that leads to progress in both our general knowledge of chemistry and in common usefulness, which so encourages and rewards the advance of pure knowledge.

As commonly studied, in combination, they react so simply that we study them when we look for simplicity.

The Oxidation Of Mineral Oils And The Effect Of Positive And Negative Catalyst On The Oxidation Process, Arthur John Sherburne

Honors Theses

Although the readiness with which petroleum oils oxidize when exposed. to heat and air is well-known, and a great many so-called "service and "sludging" tests have been devised to ascertain and predict empirically, the value of oils when put to use as lubricants in automobiles, turbines, etc., or in transformers and condensers as heat absorbers and dielectric, little has been known of the chemistry of the oxidation of oil and of the quantitative effect on this oxidation of various catalytic substances. An ever increasing interest in petroleum chemistry can be noted by a reference to the literature of the past …

Equilibrium In The System Calcium, Calcium Hydride, Hydrogen, Douglas Small

Honors Theses

Moissan first showed in a qualitative way that hydrogen and calcium form a combination which is very little dissociated below 700 degrees C. He also showed that this compound can be expressed by the chemical formula CaH2 and seemed to be a well defined compound. Gautier makes a statement that calcium hydride begins to dissociate as soon as the hydrides of strontium and barium (about 675 degrees C.) Moldenhauer and Roll-Hansen made a systematic study of the dissociation from 780 degrees C. to 1027 degrees C. These workers point out that the equilibrium pressures may be masked by the action …

Selenium Sulfide -- A New Detector For Mercury Vapor, Birger Wilhelm Nordlander

Honors Theses

A new indicator for mercury vapor of extremely high sensitivity has been found; indeed, there seems to be practically no lower limit to the concentration that can be detected. This method is based on the reaction between active selenium sulfide and the vapor. The selenium sulfide is applied as a coating to paper and the coated paper is blackened on exposure to the air containing mercury vapor, the degree of blackening being a function of time of exposure, concentration of the mercury and other factors, which can be definitely controlled. Apparatus has been developed by means of which it is …

A Study Of Triboluminescence, George David Read

Honors Theses

The study of triboluminescence, a phenomenon of no great practical value at the present time, is representative of a class of phenomena which scientists choose to call “cold light” and whose cause has for many years been without satisfactory explanation. Because of the fact that no use has been found for the action which brings about this production of light very little work has been done to determine, quantitatively, any facts regarding it, and we have only a few theories which have been advanced without sufficient experimental data to prove any of them. Hence, this work was undertaken with only …

A Direct Reading Ionization Gauge For Pressure Measurement, A Calibration Of Standard Radio Tubes As Ionization Gauge, And A Determination Of The Vapor Pressure Curve For Solid Titanium Tetrachloride, Neil B. Reynolds

Honors Theses

.The work to be described in the following pages falls naturally under three distinct headings, and will, therefore, be taken up into three separate sections.

The work on the Direct Reading Ionization Gauge as performed under the direction of Mr. C. G. Found of the General Electric Research Company and is the subject of a paper by him and the author now in the hands of the editors of the Journal of the Optical Society of America and Review of Scientific Instruments. The remainder of the work reported here was done by the author at the Research Laboratory of the …

A Study Of The Electrical Conductivity Of Glass, William Worden Day

Honors Theses

This work was undertaken with the view of finding the alternating-current resistance of a specimen of soda-lime glass, and of determining how it changes with time, temperature, and amount of current passed. In all runs, we have restricted our work to the case of a one to one replacement of sodium ions for sodium ions by using a fused mixture of sodium-nitrate and sodium-nitrate as the electrolyte which makes contact to each side of the glass. Electrodes of both platinum and nickel were used to make contact with the fused salts.

Studies Of Tungsten Hexachloride, Arthur Andrew Vernon

Honors Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to give a summary of the work done in studying the equilibrium conditions and rate of reaction of the compound tungsten hexachloride, together with some of its applications to the elimination of spots in coiled filaments. Tungsten hexachloride is a purple colored crystalline compound formed by passing chlorine over red hot tungsten in a tube from which all the air has been washed. It is rather unstable at room temperature in the presence of moist air, forming an oxychloride formula WoCl4 and then decomposing into tungsten oxide into the formula WO3 and the vapor …

A Study Of The Equilibrium Between Lead, Lead Iodide And Iodine, William Worden Day

Honors Theses

Although considerable work was done in 1924 by N. B. l Reynolds on the equilibrium between Lead, Lead Iodide and Iodine, there is, at the present time, no accurate data as to vapor pressure of Iodine over Lead Iodide at various temperatures. The same is likewise true of almost all metal halides and this work was undertaken to get such data as could be computed 1 by direct pressure measurements. The fact that these vapors are very corrosive makes it impossible to use a McLeod gauge or any other common form of manometer to measure the pressure directly.

A Study Of The Process Of Electrical Conduction In Films Of India Ink, Henry Adolph Letteron

Honors Theses

The grid leak used in radio engineering often is an ink film. Is it used as a path of escape of electrons from the grid. This path is necessary, for electrons collect on the grid and cause it to become negatively charged. Since a vacuum tube will not function unless the grid is charged positively with respect to the filiament, the necessity of the grid leak is obvious. The rate of absorption of electrons by the grid, and of their removal by the grid leak can be controlled to a certain extent by varying this grid leak resistance.

The Equilibrium Between Lead, Lead Iodide And Iodine, Neil Bailey Reynolds

Honors Theses

The fact of the instability of lead iodide at moderately high temperatures is well known. This work was undertaken in order to discover, if possible, the degree of dissociation, its change with the temperature, and to collect any other important facts connected with the equilibrium.