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Articles 1 - 30 of 105
Full-Text Articles in Applied Mathematics
Parameter Optimization For Excitable Cell Models, Amrit Parmar
Parameter Optimization For Excitable Cell Models, Amrit Parmar
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The electrophysiology of nodose ganglia neurons is of great interest in the analysis of cell membrane currents and action potential behavior. This behavior was initially outlined in the Hodgkin-Huxley conductance model [1] using a system of nonlinear differential equations. Later, Schild et al. [2] developed an extension of the Hodgkin-Huxley model to provide a more exhaustive description of ion channels involved in nodose neuronal action potential activity. We consider a variety of methods to fit the parameters of both the Hodgkin-Huxley and Schild et al. models to an empirical stimulus response dataset. Our methods were validated using synthetic datasets, as …
Dynamics Of Inertial And Non-Inertial Particles In Geophysical Flows, Nishanta Baral
Dynamics Of Inertial And Non-Inertial Particles In Geophysical Flows, Nishanta Baral
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
We consider the dynamics of inertial and non-inertial particles in various flows. We investigate the underlying structures of the flow field by examining their Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS), which are found by computing finitetime Lyapunov exponents (FTLE). We compare the behavior of massless noninertial particles using the velocity fields from four models, the Duffing oscillator, the Bickley jet, the double-gyre flow, and a quasi-geostrophic geophysical flow model, with that of inertial particles. For inertial particles with finite size and mass, we use the Maxey-Riley equation to describe the particle’s motion. We explore the preferential aggregation of inertial particles and demonstrate …
The Impact Of Social Controls And Vaccination On The Spread Of Covid-19 In New Jersey, Ariel J. Bonneau
The Impact Of Social Controls And Vaccination On The Spread Of Covid-19 In New Jersey, Ariel J. Bonneau
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The emergence of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019 has led to a global pandemic (COVID-19) which continues to cause enormous public health and economic challenges around the world. It is therefore important to improve our understanding of the outbreak and spread of COVID-19 as well as to investigate how one might contain or stop the spread of COVID-19 via different control measures. In this thesis, we consider a COVID-19 model based on an SEIR compartmental model. The model includes susceptible, vaccinated, exposed, pre-symptomatic, symptomatic infectious, asymptomatic infectious, hospitalized, recovered, and deceased compartments, each of which is sub-divided into …
Forecasting Electricity Load In New Jersey With Artificial Neural Networks, Erik W. Raab
Forecasting Electricity Load In New Jersey With Artificial Neural Networks, Erik W. Raab
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Load forecasting is an important tool for both the energy and environmental sectors. It has progressed hand-in-hand with machine learning innovation, where recurrent neural networks, a type of artificial neural network, is primarily used. This thesis compares progressively complex, feed-forward artificial neural networks using a mix of weather and temporal data. We demonstrate that electrical load in New Jersey can be reliably predicted using memory-less algorithms with minimal predictors drawn from preexisting public data sources. The methods used in this thesis could be used to build competitive load forecasting models in other states, and if included in diverse model ensembles, …
Modeling The Dynamics Of Excitable Cells, Asja Alić
Modeling The Dynamics Of Excitable Cells, Asja Alić
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
We consider an electrical parallel conductance membrane model which is an extension of the classical Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal model of excitability. This extended model describes the formation of the resting membrane potential and conductance, and the formation of action potentials in nodose A-type excitable cells. The model consists of a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are numerically solved using the Python programming language. The results show that the model is capable of accurately describing experimental results including resting membrane potential and conductance, duration and form of action potentials, amplitude of the spike, oscillations, and activitydependent changes in [Ca2+ …
Computational Analysis To Study The Efficiency Of Shear Activated Nano-Therapeutics In The Treatment Of Atherosclerosis, Nicholas Jefopoulos
Computational Analysis To Study The Efficiency Of Shear Activated Nano-Therapeutics In The Treatment Of Atherosclerosis, Nicholas Jefopoulos
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Strokes are the fifth leading cause of death in the United States and can cause long-term disabilities in patients who survive a stroke. The vast majority of these strokes are ischemic, primarily caused by intracranial atherosclerosis. Most therapies to combat intracranial atherosclerosis simply manage it and do not remove the buildup of plaque. Targeted shear-activated nanotherapeutics are currently being developed to remove these plaques. We discuss the roles that aggregate particle density, aggregate particle diameter, vessel geometry, stenosis shape and breakup threshold play in the efficiency of this new technology. Computational studies were performed to test these parameters in three …
Contributions To The Teaching And Learning Of Fluid Mechanics, Ashwin Vaidya
Contributions To The Teaching And Learning Of Fluid Mechanics, Ashwin Vaidya
Department of Mathematics Facuty Scholarship and Creative Works
This issue showcases a compilation of papers on fluid mechanics (FM) education, covering different sub topics of the subject. The success of the first volume [1] prompted us to consider another follow-up special issue on the topic, which has also been very successful in garnering an impressive variety of submissions. As a classical branch of science, the beauty and complexity of fluid dynamics cannot be overemphasized. This is an extremely well-studied subject which has now become a significant component of several major scientific disciplines ranging from aerospace engineering, astrophysics, atmospheric science (including climate modeling), biological and biomedical science …
Extinction Of Species Due To Deterministic And Stochastic Interactions In Food Webs, Claire M. Burke
Extinction Of Species Due To Deterministic And Stochastic Interactions In Food Webs, Claire M. Burke
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Previous research on the extinctions that occur in niche model food webs with deterministic and stochastic dynamics has shown that the structure of the food web can play an important role in extinction cascades. In this thesis, other types of synthetic food web models are considered, namely the cascade and generalized cascade models, and the extinction cascades of these food webs are compared with previous findings on the extinction cascades from the niche model. It was found that there are many similarities in the results for all three models, which prompted a closer analysis using food webs with deterministic dynamics. …
Espade: An Efficient And Semantically Secure Shortest Path Discovery For Outsourced Location-Based Services, Bharath K. Samanthula, Divyadharshini Karthikeyan, Boxiang Dong, K. Anitha Kumari
Espade: An Efficient And Semantically Secure Shortest Path Discovery For Outsourced Location-Based Services, Bharath K. Samanthula, Divyadharshini Karthikeyan, Boxiang Dong, K. Anitha Kumari
Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
With the rapid growth of smart devices and technological advancements in tracking geospatial data, the demand for Location-Based Services (LBS) is facing a constant rise in several domains, including military, healthcare and transportation. It is a natural step to migrate LBS to a cloud environment to achieve on-demand scalability and increased resiliency. Nonetheless, outsourcing sensitive location data to a third-party cloud provider raises a host of privacy concerns as the data owners have reduced visibility and control over the outsourced data. In this paper, we consider outsourced LBS where users want to retrieve map directions without disclosing their location information. …
Numerical Computations Of Vortex Formation Length In Flow Past An Elliptical Cylinder, Matthew Karlson, Bogdan Nita, Ashwin Vaidya
Numerical Computations Of Vortex Formation Length In Flow Past An Elliptical Cylinder, Matthew Karlson, Bogdan Nita, Ashwin Vaidya
Department of Mathematics Facuty Scholarship and Creative Works
We examine two dimensional properties of vortex shedding past elliptical cylinders through numerical simulations. Specifically, we investigate the vortex formation length in the Reynolds number regime 10 to 100 for elliptical bodies of aspect ratio in the range 0.4 to 1.4. Our computations reveal that in the steady flow regime, the change in the vortex length follows a linear profile with respect to the Reynolds number, while in the unsteady regime, the time averaged vortex length decreases in an exponential manner with increasing Reynolds number. The transition in profile is used to identify the critical Reynolds number which marks the …
Control Of Secondary Extinctions In Stochastic Food Webs, Dunia M. Fernandez
Control Of Secondary Extinctions In Stochastic Food Webs, Dunia M. Fernandez
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Studies on both model-based and empirical food webs have shown that per- turbations to an ecological community can cause a species to go extinct, often resulting in the loss of additional species in a cascade of secondary extinctions. These eects can seriously debilitate a food web and threaten the existence of an ecosystem. Here, we consider niche model-based food webs with internal noise and investigate the eects of a control on a secondary extinction cas- cade triggered by a noise-induced extinction. We show that the forced removal of a nonbasal species immediately after a primary extinction can extend the mean …
Stochastic Modeling Of Zoonotic Disease, Sausan Odatalla
Stochastic Modeling Of Zoonotic Disease, Sausan Odatalla
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
We provide an overview of the mathematical modeling of deterministic and stochastic infectious disease models. These models enable one to understand the outbreak, spread, and extinction of disease. We then focus on stochastic models with a disease reservoir to understand outbreak vulnerability for zoonotic diseases such as Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). Numerical results from a more complicated EVD model are compared with the theoretical results of a simplified stochastic SISk model. We also demonstrate the effect that vaccine has on outbreak vulnerability in a population that is connected to a disease reservoir.
Teaching And Learning Of Fluid Mechanics, Ashwin Vaidya
Teaching And Learning Of Fluid Mechanics, Ashwin Vaidya
Department of Mathematics Facuty Scholarship and Creative Works
Fluid mechanics occupies a privileged position in the sciences; it is taught in various science departments including physics, mathematics, environmental sciences and mechanical, chemical and civil engineering, with each highlighting a different aspect or interpretation of the foundation and applications of fluids. Doll’s fluid analogy [5] for this idea is especially relevant to this issue: “Emergence of creativity from complex flow of knowledge—example of Benard convection pattern as an analogy—dissipation or dispersal of knowledge (complex knowledge) results in emergent structures, i.e., creativity which in the context of education should be thought of as a unique way to arrange information so …
Storage Management Strategy In Mobile Phones For Photo Crowdsensing, En Wang, Zhengdao Qu, Xinyao Liang, Xiangyu Meng, Yongjian Yang, Dawei Li, Weibin Meng
Storage Management Strategy In Mobile Phones For Photo Crowdsensing, En Wang, Zhengdao Qu, Xinyao Liang, Xiangyu Meng, Yongjian Yang, Dawei Li, Weibin Meng
Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In mobile crowdsensing, some users jointly finish a sensing task through the sensors equipped in their intelligent terminals. In particular, the photo crowdsensing based on Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) collects pictures for some specific targets or events and uploads them to nearby edge servers, which leads to richer data content and more efficient data storage compared with the common mobile crowdsensing; hence, it has attracted an important amount of attention recently. However, the mobile users prefer uploading the photos through Wifi APs (PoIs) rather than cellular networks. Therefore, photos stored in mobile phones are exchanged among users, in order to …
Simulation Based Inference In Epidemic Models, Tejitha Dharmagadda
Simulation Based Inference In Epidemic Models, Tejitha Dharmagadda
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
From ancient times to the modern day, public health has been an area of great interest. Studies on the nature of disease epidemics began around 400 BC and has been a continuous area of study for the well-being of individuals around the world. For over 100 years, epidemiologists and mathematicians have developed numerous mathematical models to improve our understanding of infectious disease dynamics with an eye on controlling and preventing disease outbreak and spread. In this thesis, we discuss several types of mathematical compartmental models such as the SIR, and SIS models. To capture the noise inherent in the real-world, …
Fluids In Music: The Mathematics Of Pan’S Flutes, Bogdan Nita, Sajan Ramanathan
Fluids In Music: The Mathematics Of Pan’S Flutes, Bogdan Nita, Sajan Ramanathan
Department of Mathematics Facuty Scholarship and Creative Works
We discuss the mathematics behind the Pan’s flute. We analyze how the sound is created, the relationship between the notes that the pipes produce, their frequencies and the length of the pipes. We find an equation which models the curve that appears at the bottom of any Pan’s flute due to the different pipe lengths.
A Geomorphic Enthalpy Method: Description And Application To The Evolution Of Fluvial-Deltas Under Sea-Level Cycles, William Anderson, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Vaughan Voller
A Geomorphic Enthalpy Method: Description And Application To The Evolution Of Fluvial-Deltas Under Sea-Level Cycles, William Anderson, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Vaughan Voller
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Fluvial deltas are composites of two primary sedimentary environments: a depositional fluvial region and an offshore region. The fluvial region is defined by two geomorphic moving boundaries: an alluvial-bedrock transition (ABT), which separates the sediment prism from the non-erodible bedrock basement, and the shoreline (SH), where the delta meets the ocean. The trajectories of these boundaries in time and space define the evolution of the shape of the sedimentary prism, and are often used as stratigraphic indicators, particularly in seismic studies, of changes in relative sea level and the identification of stratigraphic sequences. In order to better understand the relative …
Extending Statistical Learning For Aneurysm Rupture Assessment To Finnish And Japanese Populations Using Morphology, Hemodynamics, And Patient Characteristics, Felicitas J. Detmer, Sara Hadad, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Martin Slawski, Norman Juchler, Vartan Kurtcuoglu, Sven Hirsch, Philippe Bijlenga, Yuya Uchiyama, Soichiro Fujimura, Makoto Yamamoto, Yuichi Murayama, Hiroyuki Takao, Timo Koivisto, Juhana Frösen, Juan R. Cebral
Extending Statistical Learning For Aneurysm Rupture Assessment To Finnish And Japanese Populations Using Morphology, Hemodynamics, And Patient Characteristics, Felicitas J. Detmer, Sara Hadad, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Martin Slawski, Norman Juchler, Vartan Kurtcuoglu, Sven Hirsch, Philippe Bijlenga, Yuya Uchiyama, Soichiro Fujimura, Makoto Yamamoto, Yuichi Murayama, Hiroyuki Takao, Timo Koivisto, Juhana Frösen, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
OBJECTIVE: Incidental aneurysms pose a challenge for physicians, who need to weigh the rupture risk against the risks associated with treatment and its complications. A statistical model could potentially support such treatment decisions. A recently developed aneurysm rupture probability model performed well in the US data used for model training and in data from two European cohorts for external validation. Because Japanese and Finnish patients are known to have a higher aneurysm rupture risk, the authors' goals in the present study were to evaluate this model using data from Japanese and Finnish patients and to compare it with new models …
Image-Based Modeling Of Blood Flow In Cerebral Aneurysms Treated With Intrasaccular Flow Diverting Devices, Fernando Mut, Bong Jae Chung, Jorge Chudyk, Pedro Lylyk, Ramanathan Kadirvel, David F. Kallmes, Juan R. Cebral
Image-Based Modeling Of Blood Flow In Cerebral Aneurysms Treated With Intrasaccular Flow Diverting Devices, Fernando Mut, Bong Jae Chung, Jorge Chudyk, Pedro Lylyk, Ramanathan Kadirvel, David F. Kallmes, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Modeling the flow dynamics in cerebral aneurysms after the implantation of intrasaccular devices is important for understanding the relationship between flow conditions created immediately posttreatment and the subsequent outcomes. This information, ideally available a priori based on computational modeling prior to implantation, is valuable to identify which aneurysms will occlude immediately and which aneurysms will likely remain patent and would benefit from a different procedure or device. In this report, a methodology for modeling the hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms treated with intrasaccular flow diverting devices is described. This approach combines an image-guided, virtual device deployment within patient-specific vascular models with …
Associations Of Hemodynamics, Morphology, And Patient Characteristics With Aneurysm Rupture Stratified By Aneurysm Location, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Carlos Jimenez, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, David Kallmes, Christopher Putman, Juan R. Cebral
Associations Of Hemodynamics, Morphology, And Patient Characteristics With Aneurysm Rupture Stratified By Aneurysm Location, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Carlos Jimenez, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, David Kallmes, Christopher Putman, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Purpose: The mechanisms of cerebral aneurysm rupture are not fully understood. We analyzed the associations of hemodynamics, morphology, and patient age and gender with aneurysm rupture stratifying by location. Methods: Using image-based models, 20 hemodynamic and 17 morphological parameters were compared in 1931 ruptured and unruptured aneurysms with univariate logistic regression. Rupture rates were compared between males and females as well as younger and older patients and bifurcation versus sidewall aneurysms for different aneurysm locations. Subsequently, associations between hemodynamics and morphology and patient as well as aneurysm characteristics were analyzed for aneurysms at five locations. Results: Compared to unruptured aneurysms, …
Least Action Principle Applied To A Non-Linear Damped Pendulum, Katherine Rhodes
Least Action Principle Applied To A Non-Linear Damped Pendulum, Katherine Rhodes
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The principle of least action is a variational principle that states an object will always take the path of least action as compared to any other conceivable path. This principle can be used to derive the equations of motion of many systems, and therefore provides a unifying equation that has been applied in many fields of physics and mathematics. Hamilton’s formulation of the principle of least action typically only accounts for conservative forces, but can be reformulated to include non-conservative forces such as friction. However, it can be shown that with large values of damping, the object will no longer …
Local Hemodynamic Conditions Associated With Focal Changes In The Intracranial Aneurysm Wall, Juan R. Cebral, F. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, J. Choque-Velasquez, B. Rezai, H. Lehto, R. Tulamo, J. Hernesniemi, M. Niemela, A. Yu, R. Williamson, Khaled Aziz, S. Sakur, S. Amin-Hanjani, F. Charbel, Y. Tobe, A. Robertson, J. Frösen
Local Hemodynamic Conditions Associated With Focal Changes In The Intracranial Aneurysm Wall, Juan R. Cebral, F. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, J. Choque-Velasquez, B. Rezai, H. Lehto, R. Tulamo, J. Hernesniemi, M. Niemela, A. Yu, R. Williamson, Khaled Aziz, S. Sakur, S. Amin-Hanjani, F. Charbel, Y. Tobe, A. Robertson, J. Frösen
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aneurysm hemodynamics has been associated with wall histology and inflammation. We investigated associations between local hemodynamics and focal wall changes visible intraoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Computational fluid dynamics models were constructed from 3D images of 65 aneurysms treated surgically. Aneurysm regions with different visual appearances were identified in intraoperative videos: 1) “atherosclerotic” (yellow), 2) “hyperplastic” (white), 3) “thin” (red), 4) rupture site, and 5) “normal” (similar to parent artery), They were marked on 3D reconstructions. Regional hemodynamics was characterized by the following: wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index, relative residence time, wall shear stress gradient and divergence, …
Multiple Aneurysms Anatomy Challenge 2018 (Match)—Phase Ii: Rupture Risk Assessment, Philipp Berg, Samuel Voß, Gábor Janiga, Sylvia Saalfeld, Aslak W. Bergersen, Kristian Valen-Sendstad, Jan Bruening, Leonid Goubergrits, Andreas Spuler, Tin Lok Chiu, Anderson Chun On Tsang, Gabriele Copelli, Benjamin Csippa, György Paál, Gábor Závodszky, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Juan R. Cebral, Soichiro Fujimura, Hiroyuki Takao, Christof Karmonik, Saba Elias, Nicole M. Cancelliere, Mehdi Najafi, David A. Steinman, Vitor M. Pereira, Senol Piskin, Ender A. Finol, Mariya Pravdivtseva, Prasanth Velvaluri
Multiple Aneurysms Anatomy Challenge 2018 (Match)—Phase Ii: Rupture Risk Assessment, Philipp Berg, Samuel Voß, Gábor Janiga, Sylvia Saalfeld, Aslak W. Bergersen, Kristian Valen-Sendstad, Jan Bruening, Leonid Goubergrits, Andreas Spuler, Tin Lok Chiu, Anderson Chun On Tsang, Gabriele Copelli, Benjamin Csippa, György Paál, Gábor Závodszky, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Juan R. Cebral, Soichiro Fujimura, Hiroyuki Takao, Christof Karmonik, Saba Elias, Nicole M. Cancelliere, Mehdi Najafi, David A. Steinman, Vitor M. Pereira, Senol Piskin, Ender A. Finol, Mariya Pravdivtseva, Prasanth Velvaluri
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Purpose: Assessing the rupture probability of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remains challenging. Therefore, hemodynamic simulations are increasingly applied toward supporting physicians during treatment planning. However, due to several assumptions, the clinical acceptance of these methods remains limited. Methods: To provide an overview of state-of-the-art blood flow simulation capabilities, the Multiple Aneurysms AnaTomy CHallenge 2018 (MATCH) was conducted. Seventeen research groups from all over the world performed segmentations andhemodynamic simulations to identify the ruptured aneurysm in a patient harboring five IAs. Although simulation setups revealed good similarity, clear differences exist with respect to the analysis of aneurysm shape and blood flow results. …
Multiple Aneurysms Anatomy Challenge 2018 (Match): Phase I: Segmentation, Philipp Berg, Samuel Voß, Sylvia Saalfeld, Gábor Janiga, Aslak W. Bergersen, Kristian Valen-Sendstad, Jan Bruening, Leonid Goubergrits, Andreas Spuler, Nicole M. Cancelliere, David A. Steinman, Vitor M. Pereira, Tin Lok Chiu, Anderson Chun On Tsang, Bong Jae Chung, Juan R. Cebral, Salvatore Cito, Jordi Pallarès, Gabriele Copelli, Benjamin Csippa, György Paál, Soichiro Fujimura, Hiroyuki Takao, Simona Hodis, Georg Hille, Christof Karmonik, Saba Elias, Kerstin Kellermann, Muhammad Owais Khan, Alison L. Marsden
Multiple Aneurysms Anatomy Challenge 2018 (Match): Phase I: Segmentation, Philipp Berg, Samuel Voß, Sylvia Saalfeld, Gábor Janiga, Aslak W. Bergersen, Kristian Valen-Sendstad, Jan Bruening, Leonid Goubergrits, Andreas Spuler, Nicole M. Cancelliere, David A. Steinman, Vitor M. Pereira, Tin Lok Chiu, Anderson Chun On Tsang, Bong Jae Chung, Juan R. Cebral, Salvatore Cito, Jordi Pallarès, Gabriele Copelli, Benjamin Csippa, György Paál, Soichiro Fujimura, Hiroyuki Takao, Simona Hodis, Georg Hille, Christof Karmonik, Saba Elias, Kerstin Kellermann, Muhammad Owais Khan, Alison L. Marsden
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Purpose: Advanced morphology analysis and image-based hemodynamic simulations are increasingly used to assess the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). However, the accuracy of those results strongly depends on the quality of the vessel wall segmentation. Methods: To evaluate state-of-the-art segmentation approaches, the Multiple Aneurysms AnaTomy CHallenge (MATCH) was announced. Participants carried out segmentation in three anonymized 3D DSA datasets (left and right anterior, posterior circulation) of a patient harboring five IAs. Qualitative and quantitative inter-group comparisons were carried out with respect to aneurysm volumes and ostia. Further, over- and undersegmentation were evaluated based on highly resolved 2D images. Finally, …
Development And Internal Validation Of An Aneurysm Rupture Probability Model Based On Patient Characteristics And Aneurysm Location, Morphology, And Hemodynamics, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Martin Slawski, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, Christopher Putman, Carlos Jiménez, Juan R. Cebral
Development And Internal Validation Of An Aneurysm Rupture Probability Model Based On Patient Characteristics And Aneurysm Location, Morphology, And Hemodynamics, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Martin Slawski, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, Christopher Putman, Carlos Jiménez, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Purpose: Unruptured cerebral aneurysms pose a dilemma for physicians who need to weigh the risk of a devastating subarachnoid hemorrhage against the risk of surgery or endovascular treatment and their complications when deciding on a treatment strategy. A prediction model could potentially support such treatment decisions. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate a model for aneurysm rupture based on hemodynamic and geometric parameters, aneurysm location, and patient gender and age. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 1061 patients were used for image-based computational fluid dynamics and shape characterization of 1631 aneurysms for training an aneurysm rupture probability …
Hemodynamic Characteristics Of Stable And Unstable Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectatic And Fusiform Aneurysms, Waleed Brinjikji, Bong Jae Chung, Ding Yong-Hong, John T. Wald, Fernando Mut, Ramanathan Kadirvel, David F. Kallmes, Aymeric Rouchaud, Giuseppe Lanzino, Juan R. Cebral
Hemodynamic Characteristics Of Stable And Unstable Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectatic And Fusiform Aneurysms, Waleed Brinjikji, Bong Jae Chung, Ding Yong-Hong, John T. Wald, Fernando Mut, Ramanathan Kadirvel, David F. Kallmes, Aymeric Rouchaud, Giuseppe Lanzino, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background and purpose Vertebrobasilar dolichoectatic and fusiform aneurysms (VBDAs) are known to have a poor natural history, with high rates of growth, rupture, and stroke. The purpose of this study was to identify hemodynamic characteristics that differ between VBDAs associated with growth, rupture, and stroke. Materials and methods VBDAs with CT angiography or MR angiography followed longitudinally without treatment were studied. Unstable aneurysms were defined as those that grew or ruptured during follow-up. Aneurysms associated with stroke were defined as those associated with posterior circulation infarct at follow-up. Baseline data, including demographics, comorbidities, and aneurysm morphology and size were collected. …
Identification Of Hostile Hemodynamics And Geometries Of Cerebral Aneurysms: A Case-Control Study, Bong Jae Chung, F. Mut, C. M. Putman, F. Hamzei-Sichani, W. Brinjikji, D. Kallmes, C. M. Jimenez, Juan R. Cebral
Identification Of Hostile Hemodynamics And Geometries Of Cerebral Aneurysms: A Case-Control Study, Bong Jae Chung, F. Mut, C. M. Putman, F. Hamzei-Sichani, W. Brinjikji, D. Kallmes, C. M. Jimenez, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hostile hemodynamic conditions and geometries are thought to predispose aneurysms for instability and rupture. This study compares stable, unstable, and ruptured aneurysms while controlling for location and patient characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hemodynamics and geometries of 165 stable, 65 unstable, and 554 ruptured aneurysms were compared. Hemodynamics was modeled using image-based computational fluid dynamics. Case-control pairs were selected matching aneurysm location, patient age, and sex. Paired Wilcoxon tests were used to compare hemodynamic and geometric variables among different aneurysm groups. The pairing was repeated 100 times, and the combined P values were calculated and adjusted for …
Masked Instability: Within-Sector Financial Risk In The Presence Of Wealth Inequality, Youngna Choi
Masked Instability: Within-Sector Financial Risk In The Presence Of Wealth Inequality, Youngna Choi
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We investigate masked financial instability caused by wealth inequality. When an economic sector is decomposed into two subsectors that possess a severe wealth inequality, the sector in entirety can look financially stable while the two subsectors possess extreme financially instabilities of opposite nature, one from excessive equity, the other from lack thereof. The unstable subsector can result in further financial distress and even trigger a financial crisis. The market instability indicator, an early warning system derived from dynamical systems applied to agent-based models, is used to analyze the subsectoral financial instabilities. Detailed mathematical analysis is provided to explain what financial …
Understanding The Flow Structure Of Low Reynolds Number Flows, Albert Jarvis
Understanding The Flow Structure Of Low Reynolds Number Flows, Albert Jarvis
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Ocean flows and the mechanisms by which their contents are organized has been a longstanding area of interest in applied mathematics. In recent years, a new theory has been developed to identify the structures responsible for the organization of fluid particles within complex geophysical flows. This theory is known as the theory of Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCS) and details which structures are responsible for the organization of the flow and how to identify them. Being able to identify these LCS in real time has far reaching implications ranging from developing strategies for search and rescue missions to identifying the best …
Development Of A Statistical Model For Discrimination Of Rupture Status In Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Michael Pritz, Martin Slawski, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, David Kallmes, Christopher Putman, Carlos Jimenez, Juan R. Cebral
Development Of A Statistical Model For Discrimination Of Rupture Status In Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms, Felicitas J. Detmer, Bong Jae Chung, Fernando Mut, Michael Pritz, Martin Slawski, Farid Hamzei-Sichani, David Kallmes, Christopher Putman, Carlos Jimenez, Juan R. Cebral
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background: Intracranial aneurysms at the posterior communicating artery (PCOM) are known to have high rupture rates compared to other locations. We developed and internally validated a statistical model discriminating between ruptured and unruptured PCOM aneurysms based on hemodynamic and geometric parameters, angio-architectures, and patient age with the objective of its future use for aneurysm risk assessment. Methods: A total of 289 PCOM aneurysms in 272 patients modeled with image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were used to construct statistical models using logistic group lasso regression. These models were evaluated with respect to discrimination power and goodness of fit using tenfold nested …