Physiotherapy Commons^™

Sex Differences In Human Fatigability: Mechanisms And Insight To Physiological Responses, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Sex-related differences in physiology and anatomy are responsible for profound differences in neuromuscular performance and fatigability between men and women. Women are usually less fatigable than men for similar intensity isometric fatiguing contractions. This sex difference in fatigability, however, is task specific because different neuromuscular sites will be stressed when the requirements of the task are altered, and the stress on these sites can differ for men and women. Task variables that can alter the sex difference in fatigability include the type, intensity and speed of contraction, the muscle group assessed and the environmental conditions. Physiological mechanisms that are responsible …

Physiotherapy To Enhance Active Ageing, Yee Hung, Priscilla Poon

International Conference: Overcoming Challenges in Active Ageing

No abstract provided.

In A 36-Year-Old Woman With Neck Pain, Will Manipulation And Mobilization Be Beneficial For Reducing Her Reports Of Neck Pain?, Holly Jonely, David A. Scalzitti

Physical Therapy and Health Care Sciences Faculty Publications

<LEAP> highlights the findings and application of Cochrane reviews and other evidence pertinent to the practice of physical therapy. The Cochrane Library is a respected source of reliable evidence related to health care. Cochrane systematic reviews explore the evidence for and against the effectiveness and appropriateness of interventions—medications, surgery, education, nutrition, exercise—and the evidence for and against the use of diagnostic tests for specific conditions. Cochrane reviews are designed to facilitate the decisions of clinicians, patients, and others in health care by providing a careful review and interpretation of research studies published in the scientific literature.1 Each article in …

Cardiac Rehabilitation Programmes For Low-Risk Patients And Leisure Athletes: A Potential Paradox, Wendy Bjerke, Stu Steinman, Vincent Cotto

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Background: Athletes are enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes in small numbers and require unique diagnostic testing and training considerations. Additionally, many physiotherapists, exercise physiologists, athletic trainers and physicians lack experience treating athletes in CR due to their limited exposure to these types of patients. Content: This analysis distinguishes athletes from typical CR patients within the context of diagnostic testing, assessment, exercise prescription, and management. Several case studies present unique challenges and approaches to the rehabilitation of athletes in a CR setting. Conclusions: Athletes enrolled in CR should be treated and trained according to their abilities and goals. Combining traditional …

The Impact Of A Structured Reconditioning Program On The Physical Attributes And Attitudes Of Injured Police Officers: A Pilot Study, Rob Orr, Michael Stierli, Matteo L. Amabile, Benjamin Wilkes

Rob Marc Orr

Specific work tasks represent the most widely recognised risk for Workplace Musculoskeletal Disorders and injuries. Six injured police officers (m=38.8 years of age) volunteered to participate in a study to determine whether a structured and supervised reconditioning program may improve their return to work prospects. Three officers were allocated to the intervention group, receiving eight training sessions over four-weeks of a tailored reconditioning program, and three officers to a control group. Both groups continued to receive standard medical care. Mean total Functional Movement Screen scores increased in the intervention group (+4.3 points) to a greater extent than the control group …

The Impact Of A Structured Reconditioning Program On The Physical Attributes And Attitudes Of Injured Police Officers: A Pilot Study, Rob Orr, Michael Stierli, Matteo L. Amabile, Benjamin Wilkes

Rob Marc Orr

Specific work tasks represent the most widely recognised risk for Workplace Musculoskeletal Disorders and injuries. Six injured police officers (m=38.8 years of age) volunteered to participate in a study to determine whether a structured and supervised reconditioning program may improve their return to work prospects. Three officers were allocated to the intervention group, receiving eight training sessions over four-weeks of a tailored reconditioning program, and three officers to a control group. Both groups continued to receive standard medical care. Mean total Functional Movement Screen scores increased in the intervention group (+4.3 points) to a greater extent than the control group …

Examination Of Two Hydration Protocols During Simulated Forced Marching Under Acute Heat Stress, David Alan Cottrill

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the effects of ingesting either water or 6% solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, and water on hydration status during simulated military road marching in hot environmental conditions. Five volunteer male subjects completed two 60 minute experimental trials exercising at a high intensity (RER .90-.95) in an improvised environmental chamber (29.7 ^{_{+ or -}} .18^oC, 11.3 + or - 2.13% relative humidity) in full army combat uniform carrying 18.18kg of equipment. Random assignment of either water or solution was completed prior to trial 1, and consumption of the unselected protocol …

A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial For Evaluating Rates Of Falls Among Inpatients In Aged Care Rehabilitation Units Receiving Tailored Multimedia Education In Addition To Usual Care: A Trial Protocol, Anne-Marie Hill, Nicholas Waldron, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Steven Mcphail, Katharine Ingram, Leon Flicker, Terry P. Haines

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION:

Falls are the most frequent adverse event reported in hospitals. Approximately 30% of in-hospital falls lead to an injury and up to 2% result in a fracture. A large randomised trial found that a trained health professional providing individualised falls prevention education to older inpatients reduced falls in a cognitively intact subgroup. This study aims to investigate whether this efficacious intervention can reduce falls and be clinically useful and cost-effective when delivered in the real-life clinical environment.

METHODS:

A stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial will be used across eight subacute units (clusters) which will be randomised to one of four …

Psychometric Properties Of The Compulsive Exercise Test In An Adolescent Eating Disorder Population, Pam Formby, Hunna J. Watson, Anna Hilyard, Kate Martin, Sarah J. Egan

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

The objective of this study was to evaluate the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) in an adolescent clinical eating disorder population. The data source was the Helping to Outline Paediatric Eating Disorders (HOPE) Project, a prospective ongoing registry study comprising consecutive paediatric tertiary eating disorder referrals. Adolescents (N = 104; 12-17 years) with eating disorders completed the CET and other measures. Factor structure, convergent validity, and internal consistency were evaluated. Despite failing to identify a factor structure, the study provided clear evidence of the multidimensionality of the measure. The total score correlated significantly …

Expert Consensus And Recommendations On Safety Criteria For Active Mobilization Of Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Adults, Carol L. Hodgson, Kathy Stiller, Dale M. Needham, Claire J. Tipping, Megan Harrold, Claire E. Baldwin, Scott Bradley, Sue Berney, Lawrence R. Caruana, Doug Elliott, Margot Green, Kimberley Haines, Alisa Higgins, Kirsi-Maija Kaukonen, Isabel A. Leditschke, Marc R. Nicols, Jennifer Paratz, Shane Patman, Elizabeth Skinner, Paul J. Young, Jennifer M. Zanni, Linda Denehy, Steven A. Webb

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to develop consensus recommendations on safety parameters for mobilizing adult, mechanically ventilated, intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was followed by a meeting of 23 multidisciplinary ICU experts to seek consensus regarding the safe mobilization of mechanically ventilated patients.

Results:

Safety considerations were summarized in four categories: respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological and other. Consensus was achieved on all criteria for safe mobilization, with the exception being levels of vasoactive agents. Intubation via an endotracheal tube was not a contraindication to early mobilization and a fraction of inspired oxygen less than …

An Audit Of Antenatal Education Facilitated By Physiotherapists In Western Australian Public Hospitals, Judy Wilson, Richard G. Berlach, Anne-Marie Hill

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

This paper reports on the delivery of antenatal education by physiotherapists in Western Australia in 2012, including the location of antenatal education providers, number of mothers attending, qualifications of physiotherapists involved, allocation of physiotherapy hours, the content of the education, and strategies used to enhance learning in the classes. A survey was emailed to the physiotherapists in 31 hospitals with maternity services that were funded by the Department of Health Western Australia. Antenatal education facilitated by a physiotherapist was provided at 25/30 (83.3%) hospitals. Four physiotherapists had postgraduate women’s health qualifications and all the antenatal education classes provided information about …

Achilles Tendinopathy Alters Stretch Shortening Cycle Behaviour During A Sub-Maximal Hopping Task, James R. Debenham, Mervyn J. Travers, William Gibson, Amity Campbell, Garry T. Allison

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives

To describe stretch shortening cycle behaviour of the ankle and lower limb in patients with Achilles tendinopathy (AT) and establish differences with healthy volunteers.

Design

Between-subjects case-controlled.

Methods

Fifteen patients with AT (mean age 41.2 ± 12.7 years) and 11 healthy volunteers (CON) (mean age 23.2 ± 6.7 years) performed sub-maximal single-limb hopping on a custom built sledge-jump system. Using 3D motion analysis and surface EMG, temporal kinematic (lower limb stiffness, ankle angle at 80 ms pre-contact, ankle angle at contact, peak ankle angle, ankle stretch amplitude) and EMG measures (onset, offset and peak times relative to contact) were …

Illusory Touch Temporarily Improves Sensation In Areas Of Chronic Numbness: A Brief Communication, Benedict Martin Wand, Samantha Eve Stephens, Effie Ida Marquita Mangharam, Pamela Jane George, Max Bulsara, Neil Edward O'Connell, G Lorimer Moseley

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background. Creating the visual illusion of touch can improve tactile perception in healthy subjects. Objective. We were interested in seeing if creating the illusion of touch in an insensate area could improve sensation in that area. Methods. Fourteen people with chronic numbness participated in a randomized crossover experiment. The 4 conditions were the following: (a) stimulation over the unaffected limb with mirror visual feedback (experimental condition), (b) stimulation over the affected limb with mirror visual feedback, (c) stimulation over the unaffected limb without mirror visual feedback, and (d) stimulation …

Moving In An Environment Of Induced Sensorimotor Incongruence Does Not Influence Pain Sensitivity In Healthy Volunteers: A Randomised Within-Subject Experiment, Benedict Wand, Lareina Szpak, Pamela J. George, Max Bulsara, Neil Edward O'Connell, G. Lorimer Moseley

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: It has been proposed that in the same way that conflict between vestibular and visual inputs leads to motion sickness, conflict between motor commands and sensory information associated with these commands may contribute to some chronic pain states. Attempts to test this hypothesis by artificially inducing a state of sensorimotor incongruence and assessing self-reported pain have yielded equivocal results. To help clarify the effect sensorimotor incongruence has on pain we investigated the effect of moving in an environment of induced incongruence on pressure pain thresholds (PPT) and the pain experienced immediately on completion of PPT testing.

Methods: Thirty-five healthy …

Exploring The Role And Skill Set Of Physiotherapy Clinical Educators In Work Integrated Learning, Susan Edgar, Joanne Connaughton

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Clinical educators are under increasing pressures in the workplace to provide quality education of healthcare students within varying supervision frameworks. Along with facilitating the teaching of clinical skills, clinical educators play a support role for students and so require more than expert clinical abilities in their vital position linking institutions and the healthcare environment. Twelve physiotherapy clinical educators attended one of two focus groups exploring their opinions on the role and skill set of clinical educators in work-integrated learning (WIL).Clinical educators described their role, their skills, challenges they faced supporting the needs of students, as well as future training requirements. …

Movement Restriction Does Not Modulate Sensory And Perceptual Effects Of Exercise-Induced Arm Pain, Markus Hubscher, Simon Tu, Tasha Stanton, G Lorimer Moseley, Benedict M. Wand, John Booth, James H. Mcauley

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

BACKGROUND:

Movement restriction has been proposed as an important modulator of changes in sensory and perceptual function and motor imagery performance that are observed in musculoskeletal pain syndromes. There are no empirical data to support this view.

PURPOSE:

The primary objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of movement restriction on local and widespread sensory, perceptual and motor imagery changes after exercise-induced muscular pain. Further objectives were to investigate whether changes in sensory perception are correlated with pain intensity and tactile acuity or motor imagery performance.

METHODS:

In forty healthy volunteers, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) of the …

Injured Athletes' Preferences Regarding Source Of Emotional Support, Kristin Kutz

Honors Projects

Athletes often experience emotional distress as a result of an injury. Feelings of loss, decreased self-esteem, frustration, and anger are not uncommon. Athletic trainers (ATs) who work with injured athletes are focused on helping the progression of athletes' physical healing, but their role in helping athletes emotionally and psychologically is often unclear. There are twelve Athletic Training Education Competencies that the National Athletic Training Association requires to be taught to undergraduate AT students, one of them being psychosocial intervention and referral. However, little research has been done to define the exact role of ATs in this area, as well as …

The Effect Of Stretching And Strengthening On Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Heather Hollinger

Departmental Honors Projects

Although there is considerable research on stretches and strengthening exercises that could help improve function, pain, strength, and flexibility associated with the symptoms of patellofemoral pain, more research on how beneficial stretching and strengthening is compared to just stretching is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stretching and strengthening as compared to just stretching alone on flexibility, strength, function, and pain in participants with at least 50% of the symptoms and predispositions associated with patellofemoral pain. The design consisted of a control group that completed basic stretching, while the treatment group received stretching and …

Mitigating Risk Factors For Disease Progression In Patients With Varus Gonarthrosis, Angelo Boulougouris

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Its growing burden is related to an aging population, obesity and physical inactivity. The progression of knee OA involves both biomechanical and systemic mechanisms. Known risk factors that might be altered through interventions include lower limb alignment, the distribution of loads across the knee during walking, body composition and muscular strength. The overall purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of multi-modal, rehabilitative and surgical interventions that target different risk factors for disease progression in patients with medial compartment knee OA and varus mal-alignment (varus gonarthrosis). The thesis …

Injuries Common To Tactical Personnel (A Multidisciplinary Review), Rob Orr, Michael Stierli

Rob Marc Orr

No abstract provided.

The 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Assessment As A Predictor Of Injury Risk In Police Recruits, Rob Orr, Michael Stierli, Ben Hinton, Michael Steele

Rob Marc Orr

Police recruits with lower intermittent metabolic fitness as measured by the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test are at a greater risk of sustaining an injury or illness during police recruit training.

The Impact Of Load Carriage On Mobility And Marksmanship Of The Tactical Response Officer, Simon D. Carlton, Rob Orr, Michael Stierli, Patrick D. Carbone

Rob Marc Orr

The loads carried by specialist tactical police officers may decrease their mobility over short distances but improve their marksmanship performance at close range.

Extreme Conditioning Programs And The Tactical Athlete, Rob Orr

Rob Marc Orr

No abstract provided.

Contrais: Conservative Treatment For Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Allan Abbott, Hans Moller, Paul Gerdhem

Allan D. Abbott

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional structural deformity of the spine that occurs in children and adolescents. Recent reviews on bracing and exercise treatment have provided some evidence for effect of these interventions. The purpose of this study is to improve the evidence base regarding the effectiveness of conservative treatments for preventing curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis. Methods/design: Patients: Previously untreated girls and boys with idiopathic scoliosis, 9 to 17 years of age with at least one year of remaining growth and a curve Cobb angle of 25–40 degrees will be included. A total of 135 participants will be randomly …

Endurance And Fatigue Characteristics Of The Neck Muscles In Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy, Marie Halvorsen, Allan Abbott, Anneli Peolsson, Asa Dedering

Allan D. Abbott

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare myoelectric manifestation in neck muscle endurance and fatigue characteristics during sub-maximal isometric endurance test in patients with cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic subjects. An additional aim was to explore associations between primary neck muscle endurance, myoelectric fatigability, and self-rated levels of fatigue, pain and subjective health measurements in patients with cervical radiculopathy.

Methods: Muscle fatigue in the ventral and dorsal neck muscles was assessed in patients with cervical radiculopathy and in an asymptomatic group during an isometric neck muscle endurance test in prone and supine. 46 patients and 34 asymptomatic subjects participated. …

Examining The Shift In Occupational Identity After A Brain Injury, Mikelle Bryson-Campbell

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Occupational identity is defined by Kielhofner (2002) as a sense of who we are as an occupational being, based on our past, current, and future occupational roles. When a life disruption occurs such as a brain injury (BI) and the disruption impacts the ability to conduct an occupation deemed meaningful an important process of transition occurs (Muenchberger, Kendall, & Neal, 2008). In turn occupational identity may shift to reflect the current health and economic status of the individual and what occupations are judged as meaningful.

The current study examined the shift in occupational identity in BI survivors in a two …

Grip Strength Is Associated With Marksmanship And Defensive Tactics, But Not Injuries, In Police Recruits, Rob Orr, M. Stierli, B. Hinton, Michael Steele

Rob Marc Orr

No abstract provided.

Grip Strength Is Associated With Marksmanship And Defensive Tactics, But Not Injuries, In Police Recruits, Mike Steele

Mike Steele

No abstract provided.

Home-Based Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Following Hip Fracture Surgery: What Is The Evidence?, Kathleen Donohue, Richelle Hoevenaars, Jocelyn Mceachern, Erica Zeman, Saurabh Mehta

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Objective. To determine the effects of multidisciplinary home rehabilitation (MHR) on functional and quality of life (QOL) outcomes following hip fracture surgery.

Methods. Systematic review methodology suggested by Cochrane Collaboration was adopted. Reviewers independently searched the literature, selected the studies, extracted data, and performed critical appraisal of studies. Summary of the results of included studies was provided.

Results. Five studies were included. Over the short-term, functional status and lower extremity strength were better in the MHR group compared to the no treatment group (NT). Over the long-term, the MHR group showed greater improvements in balance confidence, functional …

Vestibular Influence On Cranio-Cervical Pain: A Case Report, Frank Gargano, Wayne Hing, Caroline Cross

Wayne Hing

This case report describes a 39 year old woman with a 10 month history of right-sided temporal headaches. In addition, she experienced a ‘wobble’ feeling when rolling toward her right side and reported suboccipital pain, tinnitus and a mild visual disturbance. Objective assessment revealed she had a positional upbeat clockwise torsional nystagmus, that is, a positive Dix-Hallpike test for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Furthermore, manual assessment revealed right upper cervical joint dysfunction. She was treated with a four stage canalith repositioning manoeuvre for the vestibular system which abolished her ‘wobble’ symptom. Subsequently, manual therapy techniques were applied to the cervical …