Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Life Sciences (4)
- Environmental Health (3)
- Epidemiology (3)
- Other Public Health (3)
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health (3)
-
- Cell and Developmental Biology (2)
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (2)
- Environmental Sciences (2)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (2)
- Physiology (2)
- Architecture (1)
- Biology (1)
- Cell Biology (1)
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology (1)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering (1)
- Clinical Epidemiology (1)
- Community Health and Preventive Medicine (1)
- Developmental Biology (1)
- Endocrinology (1)
- Engineering (1)
- Environmental Health and Protection (1)
- Environmental Monitoring (1)
- Environmental Studies (1)
- Genetics and Genomics (1)
- Infectious Disease (1)
- International and Community Nutrition (1)
- Interprofessional Education (1)
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- 2 (1)
- 6-DCBQ (1)
- Africa (1)
- Air Pollution (1)
- Artificial Wetland (1)
-
- Asthma (1)
- Basic needs insecurity (1)
- Bayesian (1)
- Birth control (1)
- Birth weight (1)
- Bisphenol S (1)
- Carbon Dioxide (1)
- Chitin (1)
- Chitosan (1)
- Chlorine disinfection (1)
- Chronic Bronchitis (1)
- Chronic respiratory Diseases (1)
- Cooking fuels (1)
- DNA (1)
- Disinfection byproducts (1)
- Endocrine disrupting chemical (1)
- Environmental Health (1)
- Extraction (1)
- Fine Particulate Matter (1)
- Food environment (1)
- Food insecurity (1)
- Food labeling (1)
- Front-of-pacakge (1)
- Halobenozquinone precursors (1)
- Household air pollution (1)
Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Public Health
Enhancing Wellbeing In Public Landscape Through Light, Ruiqing Miao
Enhancing Wellbeing In Public Landscape Through Light, Ruiqing Miao
Masters Theses
Close to half of Americans living in the U.S. Northeast and Midwest say they do not get enough sunshine throughout the year. That’s compared to less than a third of those living in the South or the West.
During the winter months, the days are shorter, with the sun rising later and setting earlier than during the summer months. This means there is less daylight for people to enjoy, and the reduced exposure to natural light can have a negative impact on mood and energy levels.
Public Health’s research demonstrates that constant stimuli of body senses plays an important role …
Differential Toxicity Of Pm2.5 Components And Modified Health Effects Modeling: A Case Study In Nepal, Jeremy Brownholtz
Differential Toxicity Of Pm2.5 Components And Modified Health Effects Modeling: A Case Study In Nepal, Jeremy Brownholtz
Masters Theses
During the latter part of the 20th century, a transition away from coal as a major energy source in developed countries was accompanied by a notable decrease in air pollution-related deaths in those countries. Currently the same phenomenon is being observed in developing nations like China and India. However, many areas that do still rely on coal for their energy production or industrial needs also reflect a gap in research on the effects of those specific processes on local populations. Located in Nepal at the foot of the Himalayan Plateau, Kathmandu represents one such location. The local economy of …
The Relationship Between Pm2.5 And Chronic Respiratory Disease In Senegal, Bailey Glenn
The Relationship Between Pm2.5 And Chronic Respiratory Disease In Senegal, Bailey Glenn
Masters Theses
Chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic bronchitis have significantly increased in prevalence in Africa over the past 10 years. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to air pollution may be associated with an increased risk of chronic respiratory diseases. However, such studies have predominantly been conducted in western societies or often used urbanicity as a proxy for exposure to air pollution. Therefore, we evaluated the association between PM2.5 exposure and asthma/chronic bronchitis in Senegal. A cross-sectional study was conducted for the time period of 3 October 2010 to 28 April 2011 using annual concentrations of PM2.5 …
Subnational Analysis Of Birth Weight In Ghana Using Bayesian Spatial Regression Models, Barbara E. Mottey
Subnational Analysis Of Birth Weight In Ghana Using Bayesian Spatial Regression Models, Barbara E. Mottey
Masters Theses
Child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa is reducing but the levels remain high with subnational within-country variations. Birth weight is a key predictor of child survival and monitoring birth weight outcomes, in particular, prevalence of low birth weights, is important for resource allocation to improve child survival outcomes.
Past research in sub-Saharan Africa has found that different individual-level factors are associated with birth weight including BMI of mother, sex of baby, educational level of mother, and wealth index of household. Some environmental factors are found to be associated with birth outcomes. However, past findings regarding the association of birth weight with …
Assessing Basic Needs Insecurity Prevalence And Associated Factors Among College Students Enrolled At A Large, Public University In The Southeastern U.S., Mary Kathleen Robbins
Assessing Basic Needs Insecurity Prevalence And Associated Factors Among College Students Enrolled At A Large, Public University In The Southeastern U.S., Mary Kathleen Robbins
Masters Theses
Abstract
Background: Basic needs insecurity (BNI), defined as having both food and housing insecurity, is an emerging issue on college campuses. Students experiencing basic needs insecurity may be more likely to have poorer academic performance, as well as poorer physical and mental health compared to other students. This research assesses the prevalence of food, housing, and basic needs insecurity among college students enrolled at a large, public university and identifies factors associated with experiencing food, housing, and basic needs insecurity.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted at a large, public university in the Southeast U.S. Eligible, enrolled students (n=23,444) …
Mitigation Of Teratogenic Agents: Is There Promise In Ion Modulating Drugs?, Aastha Pokharel
Mitigation Of Teratogenic Agents: Is There Promise In Ion Modulating Drugs?, Aastha Pokharel
Masters Theses
As reported by the CDC, birth defects remain a common occurrence in the United States, with malformations originating in many places in the developing organism. Furthermore, the etiology of many of these defects remain unknown, with some factors consisting of genetics, environmental pollutants and teratogens. In our study, we examined whether insults by teratogenic agents, ethanol in particular, can be mitigated by hyperpolarizing agents acting to restore the cell’s potential. We first evaluated whether three hyperpolarizing drugs (Lamotrigine, Gabapentin, and Ivermectin) induced teratogenic effects on CD-1 mice and found that Ivermectin induced craniofacial malformations, and exposure to Lamotrigine and Gabpentin …
Evaluating The Toxicity And Formation Of Halobenzoquinones In Point-Of-Use Chlorinated Drinking Water, Stephanie Hung
Evaluating The Toxicity And Formation Of Halobenzoquinones In Point-Of-Use Chlorinated Drinking Water, Stephanie Hung
Masters Theses
Chlorine has effectively reduced the prevalence of waterborne diseases, however there are secondary consequences to this public health advancement. Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are chemicals formed when chlorine reacts with natural organic matter (NOM) in water. A new class of DBPs, halobenzoquinones (HBQs), has recently been identified and data suggests it could be potentially carcinogenic and up to 1000 times more toxic than some regulated DBPs. So far, in vitro studies have assessed HBQ toxicity without taking into account its transformation in cell media into potentially less toxic compounds. This study evaluated the toxic effects of one HBQ, 2,6-DCBQ, and its …
Developmental Exposure To Xenoestrogens: Effects On The Mouse Mammary Gland Development And Response To Estrogen, Durga Kolla
Developmental Exposure To Xenoestrogens: Effects On The Mouse Mammary Gland Development And Response To Estrogen, Durga Kolla
Masters Theses
Humans experience ubiquitous exposures to estrogenic environmental chemicals from food, personal care products, and other industrial and consumer goods. Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-studied xenoestrogen, is known to alter development of estrogen-sensitive organs including the brain, reproductive tract, and mammary gland. Bisphenol S (BPS), which has a similar chemical structure to BPA, is also used in many consumer products, but its effects on estrogen-sensitive organs in mammals has not been thoroughly examined. In our study, pregnant CD-1 mice were orally exposed to BPS or ethinyl estradiol (EE2, a positive control for estrogenicity) from gestational day 9 through postnatal day (PND) …
Evaluation Of The Performance Of Tn Integrated Food Safety Center Of Excellence Online Training Courses, Amal S. Humidat
Evaluation Of The Performance Of Tn Integrated Food Safety Center Of Excellence Online Training Courses, Amal S. Humidat
Masters Theses
Foodborne disease outbreaks are still a challenge in the United States even with the improvements that are continuously made to the food integrity system. The Center for Agriculture and Food Security and Preparedness (CAFSP), in conjunction with the Tennessee Integrated Food Safety Center of Excellence, has developed two web-based courses to support investigation of foodborne illnesses. These courses are entitled as “Foodborne Outbreak Investigation and Response Team Roles and Responsibilities, Part A and B” respectively. The overall goal of this study was to evaluate each course by assessing the participants' satisfaction, learning, and perception of knowledge gained and impact on …
Variability Of Anthropogenic Gases: Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Dioxide, Ozone And Ammonia In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Filimon Kiros
Variability Of Anthropogenic Gases: Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Dioxide, Ozone And Ammonia In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Filimon Kiros
Masters Theses
Background: Kathmandu Valley is one of the largest and most polluted metropolitan regions in the Himalayan foothills. Rapidly expanding urban sprawl and growing fleet of vehicles, and industrial facilities such as brick factories across the valley have led to conditions where ambient concentrations of key gaseous air pollutants are expected to exceed Nepal’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards and World Health Organization guidelines.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to quantify the distribution of gaseous pollutants across the valley characterized by different emission sources, and also assess influence of meteorology in the region on the temporal variability and spatial …
A Comparative Sustainability Study For Treatment Of Domestic Wastewater: Conventional Concrete And Steel Technology Vs. Vegetated Sand Beds (Vsb’S) And Their Relative Differences In Co2 Production, Alicia M. Milch
Masters Theses
Conventional wastewater treatment in the U.S. is an energy dependent and carbon dioxide emitting process. Typical mechanical systems consume copious amounts of energy, which is most commonly produced from fossil fuel combustion that results in the production of CO2. The associated organic load is also metabolized by microorganisms into CO2 and H2O. As the desire to reduce CO2 output becomes more prominent, it is logical to assess the costs of conventional treatment methods and to compare them to alternative, more sustainable technology. Vegetated Sand Bed (VSB) and Reed Bed (RB) systems are green technologies …
Nutrition Marketing On The Front-Of-Package: 2007-2014, Ana Elizabeth Hoffmann
Nutrition Marketing On The Front-Of-Package: 2007-2014, Ana Elizabeth Hoffmann
Masters Theses
Objective: The objectives of this research were to describe the proportion of packaged foods with front-‐of package nutrition marketing or marketing to children that were high in saturated fat, sodium, and/or sugar content, and to delineate changes in the proportions of these foods from 2007 to 2014.
Methods: Front-‐of-‐pack nutrition marketing, child marketing, and nutrient criteria from the Nutrition Facts Label on all packaged food items in a large Midwestern supermarket were recorded in 2007 (n = 5,500) and again in 2014 (n = 6,324). Products were coded as high/not high in saturated fat, sodium, and/or sugar according to agreed …
Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations And Cancer Mortality In Nhanes, 1999-2006, A B. Kaiser
Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations And Cancer Mortality In Nhanes, 1999-2006, A B. Kaiser
Masters Theses
Four in ten people in the US will be diagnosed with cancer during their lifetime. Environmental exposures are important determinants of cancer risk, causing as many as 19% of cancers worldwide. Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to increase the flexibility of plastics and vinyl in household materials such as food packaging, plastic toys, wood finishes and adhesives. Some phthalates may act as endocrine disruptors with hypothesized links to endometriosis, breast cancer, and reproductive outcomes. However, no research yet exists on phthalate exposure and all-cancer mortality. We investigated the relationship between seven urinary phthalate metabolites among 5,205 adults in …
The Characterization Of Chitin Microparticle Preparations: Degree Of Acetylation And Its Effect On Immunologic Response, Julianne R. Zimmerman
The Characterization Of Chitin Microparticle Preparations: Degree Of Acetylation And Its Effect On Immunologic Response, Julianne R. Zimmerman
Masters Theses
Studies examining the immune response upon exposure to chitin microparticles in living models have reached drastically differing conclusions, and the reason remains unclear. One notable issue between the experiments is that they have not characterized their chitin preparations for degree of acetylation. They all use different chitin processing methods prior to administration, which could potentially be the source of the variance between studies. Chitin and chitosan preparations specified in the literature and several novel preparations were analyzed for degree acetylation (DA) using High Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (HPAEC-PAD). It was found that autoclaving and sonication processing steps …
Rapid Method Of Processing Sperm For Nucleic Acid Extraction In Clinical Research, Matthew K. De Gannes
Rapid Method Of Processing Sperm For Nucleic Acid Extraction In Clinical Research, Matthew K. De Gannes
Masters Theses
Background: Sperm contain highly compact nuclei, inhibiting DNA extraction using traditional techniques. Current methods extracting sperm DNA involve lengthy lysis and no means of stabilizing DNA, hindering clinical research.
Objective: We sought to optimize an efficient method of extracting high quality human sperm DNA.
Methods: Sperm from three volunteers were isolated using PureCeption. We tested 1) proteinase K with DNA/RNA Shield, 2) DTT and TCEP as reducing agents, 3) QIAshredder homogenization, and 4) stability of sperm DNA fresh (baseline) or after 4 weeks of storage at 4OC in DNA/RNA Shield using modified Quick-gDNA MiniPrep. DNA was PCR amplified …