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Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons™

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1998

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Institution
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Articles 1 - 30 of 30

Full-Text Articles in Community Health and Preventive Medicine

Tropicalizando A Medicina [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Dec 1998

Tropicalizando A Medicina [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

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Retooling Tax Subsidies For Health Coverage: Old Ideas, New Politics, Karl Polzer Nov 1998

Retooling Tax Subsidies For Health Coverage: Old Ideas, New Politics, Karl Polzer

National Health Policy Forum

This paper describes the tax treatment of health coverage and health care spending and explores the potential impact of recent tax reform proposals. The paper summarizes the criticisms of the current system and analyzes various alternatives including capping the open-ended tax exclusion of health benefits provided by employers and unions, eliminating the exclusion, and establishing a tax credit.

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Physician Organizations Assuming Risk: Market And Policy Implications, Sandra Foote, Lisa Sprague Nov 1998

Physician Organizations Assuming Risk: Market And Policy Implications, Sandra Foote, Lisa Sprague

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief looks at capitation contracting between physician groups and health plans and ways in which financial risk and functional responsibilities may be apportioned. It traces the evolution of capitation contracting in California and the legislative and regulatory issues that have arisen.

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Site Visit To Southern California — Plans And Providers: Risk, Accountability, And Staying Power, Lisa Sprague Nov 1998

Site Visit To Southern California — Plans And Providers: Risk, Accountability, And Staying Power, Lisa Sprague

National Health Policy Forum

This site visit was the second of two focused on managed care operations and market dynamics in California, a state notable for high HMO market penetration and intense competition. In southern California, large physician groups and independent practice associations were highly visible and influential. They had assumed significant financial risk and care management responsibility for patients in HMO plans. The result was a distinctly different model of managed care than existed in other regions of the country. The visit included meetings with leaders from physician organizations and managed care organizations in San Diego and Orange counties, as well as an …

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Site Visit To Utah And Nevada — Essential Community Health Services On The Frontier, Karen Matherlee, Michael Anzick Oct 1998

Site Visit To Utah And Nevada — Essential Community Health Services On The Frontier, Karen Matherlee, Michael Anzick

National Health Policy Forum

From the opening dinner to the closing summary, this site visit explored the delivery and financing of essential community services for vulnerable populations in the frontier West. A sequel to the Forum's March 30-31, 1998, urban-centered site visit to Philadelphia, Providing Community-Based Primary Care: Nursing Centers, CHCs, and Other Initiatives, the visit spanned 493 miles. It included overview presentations, bus briefings, facility tours, telehealth demonstrations, panel discussions, and wrap-up reviews. Topics included the Utah health marketplace, the demands of emergency preparedness, the development of a patchwork of services along a continuum ranging from preventive care to tertiary referrals and follow-up, …

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A Odisseia Do Paje, Paulo A. Lotufo Oct 1998

A Odisseia Do Paje, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

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The State Children's Health Insurance Program: How Much Latitude Do The States Really Have?, Richard Hegner Oct 1998

The State Children's Health Insurance Program: How Much Latitude Do The States Really Have?, Richard Hegner

National Health Policy Forum

The State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) — a major program to cover low-income, uninsured children — was passed as part of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. Its passage was part of a trend of a shifting balance of power between the federal and state governments, particularly in the policy areas of health and social welfare. This issue brief explores the degree of freedom afforded the states by CHIP, the factors guiding state decision making and planning, and the factors influencing the states' various decisions about CHIP. It also discusses state options in four basic areas: participation or nonparticipation …

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Health And Wellness Among Adults With Developmental Disabilities, Ann Szalda-Petree Ph.D., Meg A. Traci Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute Rural Institute Oct 1998

Health And Wellness Among Adults With Developmental Disabilities, Ann Szalda-Petree Ph.D., Meg A. Traci Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

In 1988, the National Council on Disability published Toward Independence, which identified the prevention of secondary conditions and health promotion for people with disabilities as a major national goal. During the last ten years this goal has grown in importance, with U.S. service corporations and agencies, researchers, policy makers, and even private industry acknowledging its wisdow. An entire section of Healthy People 2010, the nation’s blueprint for promoting the health of the entire population, addresses disability and health. Previous editions in the series contained no explicit sections on disability. Now, disability has its own section, with 12 specific objectives and …

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Protecting The Confidentiality Of Health Information, Nora Super Sep 1998

Protecting The Confidentiality Of Health Information, Nora Super

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief focuses on the legislation aimed at protecting the confidentiality of health information. It provides an overview of legislation being considered in 1998 and focuses on three key issues: controlling access to health information, conducting research, and preempting state laws.

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Teens Speak Out On Alcohol Abuse, A Photonovel, M. Susan Jones Sep 1998

Teens Speak Out On Alcohol Abuse, A Photonovel, M. Susan Jones

Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Aids: A Problem Of International Psychology, Ibpp Editor Jul 1998

Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Aids: A Problem Of International Psychology, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes international psychological phenomena that may be implicated in the identification, prevention, and management of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS.

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Communicating To Beneficiaries About Medicare+Choice: Opportunities And Pitfalls, Nora Super Jul 1998

Communicating To Beneficiaries About Medicare+Choice: Opportunities And Pitfalls, Nora Super

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief explores the opportunities and potential pitfalls in communicating to beneficiaries about Medicare+Choice. This issue brief also looks at the difficulties inherent in communicating complex information to a diverse group of older individuals as well as at communications and programmatic challenges related to information overload, marketing concerns, lack of uniform standards, lack of infrastructure, and the vulnerability of various subpopulations.

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Medicare Coverage And Technology Diffusion: Past, Present, And Future, Robin J. Strongin Jul 1998

Medicare Coverage And Technology Diffusion: Past, Present, And Future, Robin J. Strongin

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief provides an overview of the Medicare coverage process. Coverage involves deciding whether or not to pay for a particular service or product. This brief examines Medicare's coverage determination process, which includes technology assessment, payment determination, and the demand for evidence. Options for improving the coverage determination process are reviewed.

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Erisa Health Plan Denials: Exploring Models For External Review, Karl Polzer Jun 1998

Erisa Health Plan Denials: Exploring Models For External Review, Karl Polzer

National Health Policy Forum

This paper outlines the current process under the Employee Retirement Income and Security Act (ERISA) by which plan participants can appeal a claim denial as well as changes to the claims procedure requirements being considered by the Department of Labor. It describes state legislative activity in this area and summarizes research describing practices currently in place among managed health care organization. The paper also describes two existing models for external review of managed care plan decisions, one used by the Medicare program and another by the state of Florida.

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Site Visit To New Jersey — State And County Experiences With Welfare Reform And Access To Health Care, Michael Anzick, Richard Hegner May 1998

Site Visit To New Jersey — State And County Experiences With Welfare Reform And Access To Health Care, Michael Anzick, Richard Hegner

National Health Policy Forum

This site visit was the second in a series to examine what is occurring at the state and local level with respect to welfare reform, Medicaid, public health, and safety net and other supportive services. During this visit, policymaker discovered how state officials, directors, and front-line staff at urban and suburban county welfare offices are working with clients to move them off the welfare rolls into jobs and providing the support services necessary for job retention; heard from clients about how programmatic changes are affecting them and their families; learned how the role of safety net health care and temporary …

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Dual Diagnoses: The Challenge Of Serving People With Concurrent Mental Illness And Substance Abuse Problems, Richard Hegner Apr 1998

Dual Diagnoses: The Challenge Of Serving People With Concurrent Mental Illness And Substance Abuse Problems, Richard Hegner

National Health Policy Forum

This paper describes the prevalence of comorbid mental disorders in the population and discusses what is known about causality and relapse. The relationship between dual diagnosis and homelessness and crime is also discussed. The paper also explores options for improving treatment among the dually diagnosed.

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Increasing The Federal Cigarette Tax: A Means Of Reducing Consumption?, Lauren Tran, Richard Hegner Apr 1998

Increasing The Federal Cigarette Tax: A Means Of Reducing Consumption?, Lauren Tran, Richard Hegner

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief probes the economic issues associated with tobacco and cigarettes. It examines the possible effectiveness of a tax increase as a strategy to reduce cigarette consumption, especially among young people, and the likely ramifications of a tax increase for the tobacco industry.

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Allopurinol As An Additive To Quinine In The Treatment Of Acute Complicated Falciparum Malaria, P. S. A. Sarma, Anil K. Mandal, Harry Khamis Apr 1998

Allopurinol As An Additive To Quinine In The Treatment Of Acute Complicated Falciparum Malaria, P. S. A. Sarma, Anil K. Mandal, Harry Khamis

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The emergence of chloroquine resistance, and a world-wide scarcity of quinine, have resulted in a search for newer antimalarial drugs directed against falciparum malaria. Allopurinol causes virtually complete inhibition of purine biosynthesis of malaria parasites, which may prove lethal to the parasites. This study was designed to examine if allopurinol is additive to quinine in the treatment of acute falciparum malaria. Forty-seven Asian-Indian adults with acute complicated falciparum malaria were assigned to a treatment period of five days. They were randomly assigned to receive either oral allopurinol (12 mg/kg in three divided doses for five days) plus quinine (600 mg …

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Impact On Material And Child Health Knowledge As A Result Of Participation In A Family Resource\Youth Services Center New And Expectant Parenting Series, Donna Sims Apr 1998

Impact On Material And Child Health Knowledge As A Result Of Participation In A Family Resource\Youth Services Center New And Expectant Parenting Series, Donna Sims

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine whether participation in a Family Resource\Youth Services Center New and Expectant Parenting Series had an impact on maternal and child health knowledge of parents and their future behavior choices. The study had two components. First, a telephone survey was conducted with 40 past program participants asking them nine questions concerning behavior and lifestyle choices in regards to child safety, breast or bottle feeding, immunizations, car seat use, etc. Secondly, thirty participants were given a pretest and posttest questionnaire. As a control group, there were 25 Lamaze class participants, who also completed the …

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Restructuring The Va Health Care System: Safety Net, Training, And Other Considerations, Barbara Skydell Mar 1998

Restructuring The Va Health Care System: Safety Net, Training, And Other Considerations, Barbara Skydell

National Health Policy Forum

This paper provides an historical overview of the modern Veterans Administration (VA) healthcare system and describes the multiple missions of the VA — patient care, health professions education, research, and medical preparedness. The VA's reform plan, which addresses issues related to decentralization, management and oversight, resource allocation, eligibility reform, and primary/ambulatory care, is also described and discussed. Challenges facing the VA as it transitions to a greater focus on prevention, primary care, and care management are also addressed.

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The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program: What Lessons Can It Offer Policymakers?, Karl Polzer Mar 1998

The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program: What Lessons Can It Offer Policymakers?, Karl Polzer

National Health Policy Forum

This paper provides an historical overview of the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) program and its marketplace dynamics. It also reviews key program features and issues, including payments to health plans, strategies used to mitigate the opportunities for risk selection, and costs.

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Site Visit To Philadelphia — Providing Community-Based Primary Care: Nursing Centers, Chcs, And Other Initiatives, Karen Matherlee Mar 1998

Site Visit To Philadelphia — Providing Community-Based Primary Care: Nursing Centers, Chcs, And Other Initiatives, Karen Matherlee

National Health Policy Forum

This site visit provided federal congressional and agency health staff opportunities to visit facilities and engage in discussions on essential community health services. Focused on community-based primary care in a managed care environment, it featured delivery and financing concerns relating to nursing centers, community health centers, public-mission hospitals, and homeless services. In examining the impact of managed care in a rapidly changing health marketplace, it explored the implementation of the Medicaid HealthChoices program in the city as well as access to and delivery of care to persons with neither public nor private insurance. It also looked at the role of …

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Site Visit To Northern California — Risk, Accountability, And Staying Power In Next-Generation Managed Care, Lisa Sprague, Sandra Foote Feb 1998

Site Visit To Northern California — Risk, Accountability, And Staying Power In Next-Generation Managed Care, Lisa Sprague, Sandra Foote

National Health Policy Forum

This three-day site visit looked at private health insurance and delivery of care in a market notable for high managed care penetration, relatively low premium costs, and sophisticated provider groups. Federal congressional and regulatory staff heard from health insurance purchasers (both public and private), health plans, hospital systems, and physician groups about the changing relationships and accountabilities in this market and the ways various organizations were positioning themselves to survive the turmoil and emerge the stronger for it. Participants also heard from two county health programs about how competition and realignment in the private market were impacting safety-net services for …

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Health Care Quality: From Data To Accountability, Mary Darby Feb 1998

Health Care Quality: From Data To Accountability, Mary Darby

National Health Policy Forum

This paper discussed the evolution of quality measurement and reporting activities as well as efforts to develop accountability for delivering high-quality care. It examined (a) initiatives in the professional arena, such as accreditation and performance measurement by independent accrediting bodies; (b) activities of market proponents, who have preferred to concentrate on making data available to purchasers and consumers that would enable them to choose high- quality plans and providers; and (c) attempts by the public sector to secure quality through regulation and oversight. An exploration of the successes, limitations, overlaps, and gaps in quality assurance initiatives, the paper was published …

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Farming & Hearing Loss: A Photonovel, M. Susan Jones, The Kentucky Partnership For Farm Family Health And Safety Jan 1998

Farming & Hearing Loss: A Photonovel, M. Susan Jones, The Kentucky Partnership For Farm Family Health And Safety

Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Premature Mortality From Heart Diseases In Brazil. A Comparison With Other Countries[Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 1998

Premature Mortality From Heart Diseases In Brazil. A Comparison With Other Countries[Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Chronic diseases have been the main cause of mortality in the Brazilian metropolitan areas since 1960. Circulatory diseases are the main causes of chronic diseases. The aim was to compare the heart disease related premature deaths in Brazil with other countries in 1984-87. Methods: We studied the deaths from the official mortality statistics from eight metropolitan areas with good assurance of information: Belém, Recife, Salvador, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Curitiba, Porto Alegre. Death causes analyzed were coronary heart disease (410-414); and heart diseases [ischemic heart disease (410-414) plus heart failure (428) plus, hypertension (401-404)]. The population was …

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Tratamento Anti-Hipertensivo. Prescrição E Custo De Medicamentos. Pesquisa Em Hospital Terciário, Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 1998

Tratamento Anti-Hipertensivo. Prescrição E Custo De Medicamentos. Pesquisa Em Hospital Terciário, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

To study the most prescribed anti-hypertensive drugs, evaluating their agreement with established guidelines and drug cost. Methods - One hundred and forty one (101 women, mean age = 53.3 years) hypertensive patients who searched spontaneous attention were interviewed in a tertiary-care hospital. The inclusion criteria were previous diagnosis of hypertension and non cardiovascular complaints. Results - The majority of the 107 (75.9%) patients were on medical treatment. In those receiving monotherapy, thiazides were the most utilized drugs, followed by methyldopa, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel-blockers, a n d b e t a - b l o c k e r s …

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Epidemiologia Das Doenças Isquemicas No Brasil [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 1998

Epidemiologia Das Doenças Isquemicas No Brasil [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

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Dual Protection In An Integrated Community-Based Program: A Case Study Of Tanzania Family Health/Ministry Of Health Project In Mbeya, Grace Mbekem, Jane Chege Jan 1998

Dual Protection In An Integrated Community-Based Program: A Case Study Of Tanzania Family Health/Ministry Of Health Project In Mbeya, Grace Mbekem, Jane Chege

Reproductive Health

One of the most pressing challenges for health programs in most sub-Saharan African countries is effectively addressing the increasing prevalence of HIV/AIDS. Recent evidence suggests that controlling sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) through undertaking preventive measures, early diagnosis, and treatment significantly slows the spread of HIV/AIDS. In regard to STI/HIV, Maternal and Child Health (MCH) and Family Planning (FP) clients are described as “low risk” groups. However, in a number of sub-Saharan African countries, the reported levels of STDs are significantly high enough to justify use of limited resources to target this group for STD services. MCH/FP programs have begun to …

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O Estado Atual Do Controle Do Diabetes, Da Dislipidemia E Da Hipertensão [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Dec 1997

O Estado Atual Do Controle Do Diabetes, Da Dislipidemia E Da Hipertensão [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

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