Behavioral Disciplines and Activities Commons^™

Vulnerability To Depression: Reexamining State Dependence And Relative Stability, David C. Zuroff, Sidney J. Blatt, Charles A. Sanislow, Colin M. Bondi, Paul A. Pilkonis

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Treatment-related decreases in Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS; Weissman & Beck, 1978) scores have been interpreted as evidence that dysfunctional attitudes are state-dependent concomitants of depression. Data from the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program were used to reexamine the stability of dysfunctional attitudes. Mean scores for Perfectionism, Need for Approval, and total DAS decreased after 16 weeks of treatment. However, test-retest correlations showed that the DAS variables displayed considerable relative stability. Structural equation models demonstrated that dysfunctional attitudes after treatment were significantly predicted by initial level of dysfunctional attitudes as well as by posttreatment depression. …

Psychological And Behavioral Functioning In Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients Who Report Histories Of Childhood Abuse, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Dwain C. Fehon, Steve Martino, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine psychological and behavioral functioning in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents who report histories of childhood abuse. Method: Three hundred twenty-two subjects completed an assessment battery of psychometrically well-established instruments. Childhood abuse was assessed by using the childhood abuse scale of the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory. Childhood abuse scores of 30 or less and 70 or greater were used to create two study groups—no abuse (N=93) and high abuse (N=70), respectively. The two study groups were compared demographically and on the battery of instruments. Results: The two groups differed substantially on most measures of …

Treatment Outcome Of Personality Disorders, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: To review the treatment outcome of personality disorders.

Method: A literature search of studies pertaining to personality disorder and outcome was conducted, and studies that focused primarily on Axis II were retained. Of these, naturalistic outcome studies were distinguished from those that addressed treatment outcome specifically. The treatment outcome studies were examined in terms of type of treatment intervention, dependent variables, and outcome.

Results: Contrary to contemporary assumptions about Axis II, a substantial number of treatment outcome studies were identified. Trends in the assumptions underlying psychosocial and pharmacologic approaches were identified on the basis of dependent variables.

Conclusion: There …

When And How Perfectionism Impedes The Brief Treatment Of Depression: Further Analyses Of The Nimh Tdcrp, Sidney J. Blatt, David C. Zuroff, Colin M. Bondi, Charles A. Sanislow, Paul A. Pilkonis

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Perfectionism has previously been identified as having a significant negative impact on therapeutic outcome at termination in the brief (16-week) treatment of depression (S. J. Blatt, D. M. Quinlan, P. A. Pilkonis, & T. Shea, 1995) as measured by the 5 primary outcome measures used in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (TDCRP). The present analyses of other data from the TDCRP indicated that this impact of perfectionism on therapeutic outcome was also found in ratings by therapists, independent clinical evaluators, and the patients and that this effect persisted 18 months after termination. In …

Functioning And Well-Being Of Patients In A Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Clinic, Steven A. Epstein, Junius Gonzales, Patricia Stockton, David M. Goldstein, Bonnie L. Green

Publications from Provost Junius J. Gonzales

Outpatient consultation-liaison (C-L) psychiatry clinics are valuable settings for research and teaching endeavors. However, little is known about psychiatric symptoms and health status of persons treated in such settings. In this study, 80 persons seen in an outpatient C-L psychiatry clinic were compared with 100 persons seen in a mood disorder clinic on a variety of self-report instruments. Outpatient C-L clinic patients were found to have significantly poorer health status than mood clinic patients on the following domains as measured by the RAND instrument: general health perception, pain, physical functioning, and role functioning due to physical problems. Both groups had …

Characteristics Of The Effective Therapist: Further Analyses Of The Nimh Tdcrp, Sidney J. Blatt, Charles A. Sanislow, David C. Zuroff, Paul A. Pilkonis

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Analyses of the data of the National Institute of Mental Health-sponsored Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program have primarily examined the effects of types of treatment and patient characteristics on outcome, but scant attention has been directed toward evaluating the contributions of the therapist. With an aggregate of residualized therapeutic change scores of the 5 primary outcome measures for each patient at termination as an overall measure of improvement, an average therapeutic effectiveness measure was derived for each of the 28 therapists based on the outcome of the patients they saw in active treatment. The distribution of the therapists was …

Brief Therapy: Theory And Practice, Maurice W. Carroll

Graduate Theses

The psychotherapeutic environment is changing. Pressure from outside the profession is motivating changes that are resulting in cost cutting and cost containment. Health management organizations and preferred provider organizations are beginning to control third party payment to mental health providers. This is counselling the profession to reevaluate and remodel how it performs therapy as numbers of sessions become more limited. Therapy is changing from a long lasting relationship with a therapist, in which personality transformation is sought for the client, to forms of brief therapy in which only problems and solutions, arising from the immediate issues, are focused on. This …

The Schizophrenias, Robert Carson, Charles Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Locus Of Control On The Procrastination Behavior Of College Students, Eileen Debra Rudnick

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between locus of control and the Procrastination behavior of individuals in an academic setting. Investigated in this study was the relationship between the two aspects of procrastination, the delaying of a task and the psychological distress that results from that behavior, and locus of controls in terms of an internal or external generalized belief.

The Adult Nowicki - Duke Locus of Control scale and the Procrastination Assessment scale - Students were given to 267 undergraduate students between the ages of 17 and 48 at Pittsburg State University. The data …

Mood Induction, Interpersonal Perceptions, And Behavioral Rejection In Students With Depressed, Non-Depressed Disturbed, And Normal Roommates, Charles A. Sanislow, David V. Perkins, Deborah Ware Balogh

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The present study used the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) to select, based on multidimensional criteria, 51 college students who displayed depression alone, depression in conjunction with other psychological disturbance (PD), nondepressive PD, or no PD. All students had been living with randomly assigned roommates (RMs) for at least 10 wks. RMs of these students completed the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List, the Profile of Mood States, MMPI-168 Depression scale items, and items concerning roommate behavior. RMs of students depressed in conjunction with other PD were significantly more depressed themselves on 2 measures than were RMs of students in the …

Norm-Of-Reaction: Definition And Misinterpretation Of Animal Research, Steve A. Platt, Charles A. Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The development of a phenotype is due to an interaction of the genotype with the environment. Two terms have been used to describe the outcome of this interaction, the norm-of-reaction and the reaction range. The first represents the theoretically limitless distribution of the phenotypes that may be expressed by a given genotype. The reaction range implies an upper and lower limit for phenotype expression possible from a given genotype. A critical distinction between the reaction range and the norm-of-reaction is that the norm-of-reaction is a statement of the conceivable interactions found but does not imply any predictability other than that …

Curative Factors In Offenders' Groups, John W. Macdevitt, Charles A. Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Curative factors were assessed among therapy groups of offenders experiencing differentially restrictive incarceration, from probation through minimum security and maximum security to a special segregation unit for behaviorally problematic prisoners. Catharsis was highly rated as in earlier studies, while interpersonal learning input was rated at varying levels. Existential awareness was rated much higher than with typical outpatient populations, while cohesiveness was rated lower. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Modification Of Deviant Behavior By Parents, Jeanne M. Gabourie

All Master's Theses

It is the purpose of this study (1) to determine if a child's deviant social behaviors can be effectively modified by his own parents; and (2) to determine if parents can be trained to use behavior modification techniques in the home.