Internal Medicine Commons^™

Performance Analysis Of Hybrid Deep Learning Framework Using A Vision Transformer And Convolutional Neural Network For Handwritten Digit Recognition, Vanita Agrawal, Jayant Jagtap, Shruti Patil, Ketan Kotecha

Journal Articles

Digitization created a demand for highly efficient handwritten document recognition systems. A handwritten document consists of digits, text, symbols, diagrams, etc. Digits are an essential element of handwritten documents. Accurate recognition of handwritten digits is vital for effective communication and data analysis. Various researchers have attempted to address this issue with modern convolutional neural network (CNN) techniques. Even after training, CNN filter weights remain unchanged despite the high identification accuracy. As a result, the process cannot flexibly adapt to input changes. Hence computer vision researchers have recently become interested in Vision Transformers (ViTs) and Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs). The shortcomings of …

Relationship Between Food Security, Nutrition Security, And Diabetes: The Role Of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation, Maha Almohamad, Jayna M Dave, Eric E Calloway, Ruosha Li, Shreela Sharma

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Inadequate nutrition and poor diet quality are associated with a heightened risk of diabetes. The connection between food insecurity measures and diabetes has been established, with evidence indicating that Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation contributes to reductions in food insecurity. Recently developed nutrition security measures, defined as the ability to acquire healthful foods to prevent diseases, and their association with diabetes and SNAP participation are not yet understood.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the relationship between food security and nutrition security in relation to diabetes overall and by SNAP participation and nutrition security as potential modifiers.

METHODS: …

Coronary Stenosis And Cardiogenic Shock Secondary To Aortitis Following Aortic Root Support Procedure, Alexander Carpenter, Stephanie Connaire, Nitin Chandra Mohan, Stephanie L Curtis, Serban C Stoica, Massimo Caputo, Julian W Strange

Journal Articles

A woman with recent personalized external aortic root support implant presented in cardiogenic shock with bilateral coronary ostial occlusion and aortic inflammation requiring emergency coronary angioplasty. Subsequent computed tomography with positron emission tomography scanning demonstrated aortitis with extensive inflammation adjacent to the personalized external aortic root support mesh, the first report of this important complication.

Ectopic Pregnancy Located At Pelvic Wall And Liver: Two Uncommon Case Reports From Vietnam And Mini-Review Literature, Thanh Hai Pham, Van Hoang Bui, Van Hung Nguyen, Phuc Nhon Nguyen

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Abdominal ectopic pregnancy (AEP) located at hepatic region and pelvic-wall ectopic pregnancy (EP) are rare entities, that provoking a potentially life-threatening condition. Due to insufficient data, a proper management of non-specific types remains a challenge for all gynecologists worldwide.

CASE PRESENTATION: Two child-bearing age women were hospitalized due to delayed menstruation and a urine pregnancy test was positive without a determination of intrauterine pregnancy. The first EP case was located at the pelvic wall which identified incidentally during laparoscopy for a presumed tubal ectopic pregnancy on ultrasonography throughout. The second EP case was found at the hepatic …

When Intervention Becomes Imperative: A Case Report Of Spontaneous Vulvar Edema During Pregnancy, Vo Anh Vinh Trang, Thao-Ngan Nguyen Pham, Bao Huy Le, Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen, Hoang Kim Tu Trinh, Kieu-Minh Le, Huu Doan Pham, Ngoc Minh Tam Nguyen, Quoc Kha Tran, Phuc Cam Hoang Nguyen, Vinh Hung Tran

Journal Articles

Spontaneous idiopathic vulvar edema during the second trimester is a rare condition. The approach to managing this condition involves relieving symptoms, identifying underlying causes, and implementing appropriate treatment. Managing such cases during pregnancy is challenging because of concerns for potential adverse fetal outcomes. Conservative management expects the condition to be relieved spontaneously postpartum, whereas invasive treatment offers a more rapid resolution. Treatment choices are controversial because each method has its pros and cons and influences the delivery process to a certain extent. Surgical drainage becomes a viable option when patients are not responsive to medications. We report a case of …

An Expanded Chronic Care Management Approach To Multiple Chronic Conditions In Hispanics Using Community Health Workers As Community Extenders In The Rio Grande Valley Of Texas, Juliana Z Lopez, Minjae Lee, Soo K Park, Maria E Zolezzi, Lisa A Mitchell-Bennett, Paul G Yeh, Lubeth Perez, Natalia I Heredia, David D Mcpherson, Joseph B Mccormick, Belinda M Reininger

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: The synergistic negative effects of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension increases all-cause mortality and the medical complexity of management, which disproportionately impact Hispanics who face barriers to healthcare access. The Salud y Vida intervention was delivered to Hispanic adults living along the Texas-Mexico Border with comorbid poorly controlled T2DM and hypertension. The Salud y Vida multicomponent intervention incorporated community health workers (CHWs) into an expanded chronic care management model to deliver home-based follow-up visits and provided community-based diabetes self-management education.

METHODS: We conducted multivariable longitudinal analysis to examine the longitudinal intervention effect on reducing systolic and diastolic blood …

Prognostic Values Of Serum Lactate-To-Bicarbonate Ratio And Lactate For Predicting 28-Day In-Hospital Mortality In Children With Dengue Shock Syndrome, Thanh Nguyen Tat, Nhu Vo Hoang-Thien, Dat Nguyen Tat, Phuc Hoang Nguyen, Lien Thi Ho, Duong Hung Doan, Dung Tuan Phan, Yen Nguyen-Hoang Duong, Truc Huynh Nguyen, Tuyet Kim Nguyen, Ha Thi-Thu Dinh, Thuy Thi-Diem Dinh, Anh Thi-Mai Pham, Viet Do Chau, Tung Huu Trinh, Luan Vo Thanh

Journal Articles

This study aimed to assess the clinical utility of blood lactate-to-bicarbonate (L/B) ratio, as a prognostic factor for 28-day in-hospital mortality in children with dengue shock syndrome (DSS), admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This single-center retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary children hospital in southern Vietnam from 2013 to mid-2022. Prognostic models for DSS mortality were developed, using a predefined set of covariates in the first 24 hours of PICU admission. Area under the curves (AUCs), multivariable logistic and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regressions, bootstrapping and calibration slope were performed. A total of …

Topographical And Cell Type-Specific Connectivity Of Rostral And Caudal Forelimb Corticospinal Neuron Populations, Lina Marcela Carmona, Eric D Thomas, Kimberly Smith, Bosiljka Tasic, Rui M Costa, Anders Nelson

Journal Articles

Corticospinal neurons (CSNs) synapse directly on spinal neurons, a diverse assortment of cells with unique structural and functional properties necessary for body movements. CSNs modulating forelimb behavior fractionate into caudal forelimb area (CFA) and rostral forelimb area (RFA) motor cortical populations. Despite their prominence, the full diversity of spinal neurons targeted by CFA and RFA CSNs is uncharted. Here, we use anatomical and RNA sequencing methods to show that CSNs synapse onto a remarkably selective group of spinal cell types, favoring inhibitory populations that regulate motoneuron activity and gate sensory feedback. CFA and RFA CSNs target similar spinal neuron types, …

Gut Symbionts Alleviate Mash Through A Secondary Bile Acid Biosynthetic Pathway, Qixing Nie, Xi Luo, Kai Wang, Yong Ding, Shumi Jia, Qixiang Zhao, Meng Li, Jinxin Zhang, Yingying Zhuo, Jun Lin, Chenghao Guo, Zhiwei Zhang, Huiying Liu, Guangyi Zeng, Jie You, Lulu Sun, Hua Lu, Ming Ma, Yanxing Jia, Ming-Hua Zheng, Yanli Pang, Jie Qiao, Changtao Jiang

Journal Articles

The gut microbiota has been found to play an important role in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), but the mechanisms have not been established. Here, by developing a click-chemistry-based enrichment strategy, we identified several microbial-derived bile acids, including the previously uncharacterized 3-succinylated cholic acid (3-sucCA), which is negatively correlated with liver damage in patients with liver-tissue-biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). By screening human bacterial isolates, we identified Bacteroides uniformis strains as effective producers of 3-sucCA both in vitro and in vivo. By activity-based protein purification and identification, we identified an enzyme annotated as β-lactamase in B. …

Icariin Accelerates Bone Regeneration By Inducing Osteogenesis-Angiogenesis Coupling In Rats With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Sheng Zheng, Guan-Yu Hu, Jun-Hua Li, Jia Zheng, Yi-Kai Li

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Icariin (ICA), a natural flavonoid compound monomer, has multiple pharmacological activities. However, its effect on bone defect in the context of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been examined.

AIM: to explore the role and potential mechanism of ICA on bone defect in the context of T1DM.

METHODS: The effects of ICA on osteogenesis and angiogenesis were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Angiogenesis-related assays were conducted to investigate the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis. A bone defect model was established in T1DM rats. The …

Compare Deep Learning Model And Conventional Logistic Regression Model For The Identification Of Unstable Saccular Intracranial Aneurysms In Computed Tomography Angiography, Lu Zeng, Xiao-Yan Zhao, Li Wen, Yang Jing, Jing-Xu Xu, Chen-Cui Huang, Dong Zhang, Guang-Xian Wang

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: It is crucial to distinguish unstable from stable intracranial aneurysms (IAs) as early as possible to derive optimal clinical decision-making for further treatment or follow-up. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of a deep learning model (DLM) in identifying unstable IAs from computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and to compare its discriminatory ability with that of a conventional logistic regression model (LRM).

METHODS: From August 2011 to May 2021, a total of 1,049 patients with 681 unstable IAs and 556 stable IAs were retrospectively analyzed. IAs were randomly divided into training (64%), internal validation (16%), …

Neonatal Outcomes In The Surgical Management Of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders: A Retrospective Single-Center Observational Study From 468 Vietnamese Pregnancies Beyond 28 Weeks Of Gestation, Phuc Nhon Nguyen, Anh Dinh Bao Vuong, Xuan Trang Thi Pham

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PASDs) increase the mortality rate for mothers and newborns over a decade. Thus, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the neonatal outcomes in emergency cesarean section (CS) and planned surgery as well as in Cesarean hysterectomy and the modified one-step conservative uterine surgery (MOSCUS). The secondary aim is to reveal the factors relating to poor neonatal outcomes.

METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study conducted between 2019 and 2020 at Tu Du Hospital, in the southern region of Vietnam. A total of 497 pregnant women involved in PASDs beyond 28 weeks of gestation …

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization In Acute Leukemia Patients Presenting With Subdural Hematoma, Binoy Yohannan, Juan Carlos Martinez Gutierrez, Peng Roc Chen, Adan Rios

Journal Articles

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a potentially fatal complication in patients with acute leukemia and contributing factors include thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy. Patients with acute leukemia may develop subdural hematoma (SDH) spontaneously or secondary to trauma. In patients with acute leukemia and SDH, the surgical evacuation of the hematoma causes significant morbidity and mortality. New approaches and strategies to reduce the need for surgical evacuation are needed to improve outcomes in patients with acute leukemia and intracerebral hemorrhage. We report two cases of acute SDH in patients with acute leukemia successfully treated with middle meningeal artery embolization, a minimally invasive interventional radiology technique, …

Transitioning From An In-Person Intervention To Augmented Text Messaging During Covid-19 In Mexican Americans With Prediabetes: The Starr County Diabetes Prevention Randomized Clinical Trial, Sharon A Brown, Mary A Winter, Heather A Becker, Alexandra A García, Mary M Velasquez, Hirofumi Tanaka, William B Perkison, Eric L Brown, David Aguilar, Craig L Hanis

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to explore the feasibility of using commonly available technology, such as text messaging, for diabetes prevention in rural Mexican American communities during COVID-19.

METHODS: Participants were selected from a diabetes prevention study funded by the National Institutes of Health that, prior to COVID-19, involved in-person group intervention sessions. Participants were predominantly female adults born in Mexico and Spanish-speaking. A subsample (n = 140) was divided into 3 cohorts: (1) 50 who completed the initial in-person intervention prior to the COVID-19 research pause, (2) 60 who needed additional support sessions to complete the intervention …

The Dementia Care Study (D-Care): Recruitment Strategies And Demographic Characteristics Of Participants In A Pragmatic Randomized Trial Of Dementia Care, Mia Yang, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Elena Volpi, Aval-Na'ree Green, Maya Lichtenstein, Katy Araujo, Pamela Borek, Peter Charpentier, James Dziura, Thomas M Gill, Rebecca Galloway, Erich J Greene, Kristin Lenoir, Peter Peduzzi, Can Meng, Jordan Reese, Amy Shelton, Eleni A Skokos, Jenny Summapund, Erin Unger, David B Reuben, Jeff D Williamson, Alan B Stevens

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Pragmatic research studies that include diverse dyads of persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their family caregivers are rare.

METHODS: Community-dwelling dyads were recruited for a pragmatic clinical trial evaluating three approaches to dementia care. Four clinical trial sites used shared and site-specific recruitment strategies to enroll health system patients.

RESULTS: Electronic health record (EHR) queries of patients with a diagnosis of dementia and engagement of their clinicians were the main recruitment strategies. A total of 2176 dyads were enrolled, with 80% recruited after the onset of the pandemic. PLWD had a mean age of 80.6 years (SD 8.5), …

Abatacept Pharmacokinetics And Exposure Response In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19: A Secondary Analysis Of The Activ-1 Im Randomized Clinical Trial, Stephen J Balevic, Daniel K Benjamin, William G Powderly, P Brian Smith, Daniel Gonzalez, Matthew W Mccarthy, Linda K Shaw, Christopher J Lindsell, Sam Bozzette, Daphne Williams, Benjamin P Linas, John Blamoun, Heta Javeri, Christoph P Hornik

Journal Articles

IMPORTANCE: The pharmacokinetics of abatacept and the association between abatacept exposure and outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 are unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize abatacept pharmacokinetics, relate drug exposure with clinical outcomes, and evaluate the need for dosage adjustments.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study is a secondary analysis of data from the ACTIV-1 (Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines) Immune Modulator (IM) randomized clinical trial conducted between October 16, 2020, and December 31, 2021. The trial included hospitalized adults who received abatacept in addition to standard of care for treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. Data analysis was performed between September 2022 …

Tavr In Older Adults: Moving Toward A Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment And Away From Chronological Age, Abdulla A Damluji, Gwen Bernacki, Jonathan Afilalo, Radmila Lyubarova, Ariela R Orkaby, Min Ji Kwak, Scott Hummel, James N Kirkpatrick, Mathew S Maurer, Nanette Wenger, Michael W Rich, Dae Hyun Kim, Roberta Y Wang, Daniel E Forman, Ashok Krishnaswami

Journal Articles

Calcific aortic stenosis can be considered a model for geriatric cardiovascular conditions due to a confluence of factors. The remarkable technological development of transcatheter aortic valve replacement was studied initially on older adult populations with prohibitive or high-risk for surgical valve replacement. Through these trials, the cardiovascular community has recognized that stratification of these chronologically older adults can be improved incrementally by invoking the concept of frailty and other geriatric risks. Given the complexity of the aging process, stratification by chronological age should only be the initial step but is no longer sufficient to optimally quantify cardiovascular and noncardiovascular risk. …

Evaluating The Readability Of Online Blood Cancer Education Materials Across Different Readability Measures, Ashley Shin, Surbhi Banubakode, Sara Taveras Alam, Anneliese O Gonzalez

Journal Articles

Introduction The National Institutes of Health and the American Medical Association recommend patient education materials (EMs) be at or below the sixth-grade reading level. The American Cancer Society, Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network have accurate blood cancer EMs. Methods One hundred one (101) blood cancer EMs from the above organizations were assessed using the following: Flesch Reading Ease Formula (FREF), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning Fog Index (GFI), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook Index (SMOG), and the Coleman-Liau Index (CLI). Results Only 3.96% of patient EMs scored at or below the seventh-grade reading level in all modalities. …

Definition Of Polypharmacy In Heart Failure: A Scoping Review Of The Literature, Keshav Patel, Jorge A Irizarry-Caro, Adil Khan, Travis Holder, Darrell Salako, Parag Goyal, Min Ji Kwak

Journal Articles

Patients with heart failure (HF) have a high prevalence of polypharmacy, which can lead to drug interactions, cognitive impairment, and medication non-compliance. However, the definition of polypharmacy in these patients is still inconsistent. The aim of this scoping review was to find the most common definition of polypharmacy in HF patients. We conducted a scoping review searching Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane using terms including polypharmacy, HF and deprescribing, which resulted in 7,949 articles. Articles without a definition of polypharmacy in HF patients and articles which included patients < 18 years of age were excluded; only 59 articles were included. Of the 59 articles, 49% (n = 29) were retrospective, 20% (n = 12) were prospective, 10% (n = 6) were cross-sectional, and 27% (n = 16) were review articles. Twenty percent (n = 12) of the articles focused on HF with reduced ejection fraction, 10% (n = 6) focused on HF with preserved ejection fraction and 69% (n = 41) articles either focused on both diagnoses or did not clarify the specific type of HF. The most common cutoff for polypharmacy in HF was five medications (59%, n = 35). There was no consensus regarding the inclusion or exclusion of over-the-counter medications, supplements, or vitamins. Some newer studies used a cutoff of 10 medications (14%, n = 8), and this may be a more practical and meaningful definition for HF patients.

Risk Factors For In-Hospital Seizure And New-Onset Epilepsy In Coiling And Clipping Treatment Of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Viet-Thang Le, Anh Minh Nguyen, Phuc Long Nguyen

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with in-hospital seizures and new-onset epilepsy in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) who underwent coiling embolization or clipping surgery.

METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study included 195 patients diagnosed with aneurysmal SAH and treated with coiling embolization or clipping surgery between January 2018 and June 2022.

RESULTS: Among the 195 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 9 experienced an onset seizure at the time of SAH. In-hospital seizures were observed in 33 patients, of which 24 were electrographic seizures detected in 24 patients with suspected subclinical seizures. After 12 months of follow-up, 11 patients met criteria …

Transcriptional Responses Of Different Brain Cell Types To Oxygen Decline, Camille Ravel-Godreuil, Ethan R Roy, Srinivas N Puttapaka, Sanming Li, Yanyu Wang, Xiaoyi Yuan, Holger K Eltzschig, Wei Cao

Journal Articles

Brain hypoxia is associated with a wide range of physiological and clinical conditions. Although oxygen is an essential constituent of maintaining brain functions, our understanding of how specific brain cell types globally respond and adapt to decreasing oxygen conditions is incomplete. In this study, we exposed mouse primary neurons, astrocytes, and microglia to normoxia and two hypoxic conditions and obtained genome-wide transcriptional profiles of the treated cells. Analysis of differentially expressed genes under conditions of reduced oxygen revealed a canonical hypoxic response shared among different brain cell types. In addition, we observed a higher sensitivity of neurons to oxygen decline, …

Gut Microbiota And Blood Metabolites Related To Fiber Intake And Type 2 Diabetes, Zheng Wang, Brandilyn A Peters, Bing Yu, Megan L Grove, Tao Wang, Xiaonan Xue, Bharat Thyagarajan, Martha L Daviglus, Eric Boerwinkle, Gang Hu, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Carmen R Isasi, Rob Knight, Robert D Burk, Robert C Kaplan, Qibin Qi

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Consistent evidence suggests diabetes-protective effects of dietary fiber intake. However, the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of gut microbiota and host circulating metabolites, are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate gut microbiota and circulating metabolites associated with dietary fiber intake and their relationships with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

METHODS: This study included up to 11 394 participants from the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos). Diet was assessed with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline. We examined associations of dietary fiber intake with gut microbiome measured by shotgun metagenomics (350 species/85 genera and 1958 enzymes; n=2992 at …

Pilot Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of The Sustainable Culturally Adaptive Nutrition Program (Scan) To Improve Adherence To The National Diabetes Prevention Program, William B Perkison, Pierre Fwelo, Fernanda Velasco-Huerta, Natalia I Heredia, James J Yang, Sidra S Beg, Belinda M Reininger, Serena A Rodriguez, Maha Almohamad, Catherine Pulicken, Ella Garza, Grace E White, Maria E Fernandez

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: The Sustainable Culturally Adapted Nutrition Program (SCAN) is a novel adaptation to the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) that aims to improve attendance and effectiveness. This paper presents its feasibility and impact through the initial 6-month outcomes.

DESIGN: A pragmatic quasi-experimental pilot study with intervention (DPP plus SCAN) and control (DPP only) groups.

SAMPLES AND INCLUSION CRITERIA: Sustainable Culturally Adapted Nutrition Program participants were recruited from federally qualified health center (FQHC) clinic patients enrolled in a NDPP in Houston, Texas. Participants needed to be (1) ≥18 years old, (2) body mass index >25, (3) no prior diagnosis of diabetes, …

Cd69 Signaling In Eosinophils Induces Il-10 Production And Apoptosis Via The Erk1/2 And Jnk Pathways, Respectively, Dan Van Bui, Linh Manh Nguyen, Akira Kanda, Hanh Hong Chu, Nhi Kieu Thi Le, Yasutaka Yun, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Kensuke Suzuki, Akitoshi Mitani, Akihiro Shimamura, Kenta Fukui, Shunsuke Sawada, David Dombrowicz, Hiroshi Iwai

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Eosinophils contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. We previously reported that human tissue eosinophils have high CD69 expression compared to blood eosinophils, and its expression is correlated with disease severity and the number of infiltrated eosinophils. However, biological CD69 signaling activity in eosinophils remains unclear.

METHODS: CD69 expression on lung tissue eosinophils obtained from mice with ovalbumin-induced asthma was measured using flow cytometry. CD69 crosslinking was performed on eosinophils purified from the spleen of IL-5 transgenic mice to investigate CD69 signaling and its function in eosinophils. Then, qPCR, Western blot, enzyme-linked …

Using Protein Language Models For Protein Interaction Hot Spot Prediction With Limited Data, Karen Sargsyan, Carmay Lim

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Protein language models, inspired by the success of large language models in deciphering human language, have emerged as powerful tools for unraveling the intricate code of life inscribed within protein sequences. They have gained significant attention for their promising applications across various areas, including the sequence-based prediction of secondary and tertiary protein structure, the discovery of new functional protein sequences/folds, and the assessment of mutational impact on protein fitness. However, their utility in learning to predict protein residue properties based on scant datasets, such as protein-protein interaction (PPI)-hotspots whose mutations significantly impair PPIs, remained unclear. Here, we explore the …

Effect Of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Treatment On Early Trajectories Of Virologic And Immunologic Biomarkers In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, Tomas O Jensen, Greg A Grandits, Mamta K Jain, Thomas A Murray, Birgit Grund, Kathryn Shaw-Saliba, Michael A Matthay, Mahsa Abassi, Magdalena Ardelt, Jason V Baker, Peter Chen, Robin L Dewar, Anna L Goodman, Timothy J Hatlen, Helene C Highbarger, Mark Holodniy, Perrine Lallemand, Sylvain Laverdure, Bradley G Leshnower, David Looney, Charalampos D Moschopoulos, Henry Mugerwa, Daniel D Murray, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Stephanie Nagy-Agren, M Tauseef Rehman, Adam Rupert, Randy A Stevens, Stuart Turville, Amy Weintrob, Katherine Wick, Jens Lundgren, Emily R Ko

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) failed to show clear benefit for hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Dynamics of virologic and immunologic biomarkers remain poorly understood.

METHODS: Participants enrolled in the Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 trials were randomized to nmAb versus placebo. Longitudinal differences between treatment and placebo groups in levels of plasma nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag), anti-nucleocapsid antibody, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and D-dimer at enrollment, day 1, 3, and 5 were estimated using linear mixed models. A 7-point pulmonary ordinal scale assessed at day 5 was compared using proportional odds models.

RESULTS: Analysis included 2149 participants enrolled between …

Detection Of Acute Brain Injury In Intensive Care Unit Patients On Ecmo Support Using Ultra-Low-Field Portable Mri: A Retrospective Analysis Compared To Head Ct, Sung-Min Cho, Shivalika Khanduja, Jiah Kim, Jin Kook Kang, Jessica Briscoe, Lori R Arlinghaus, Kha Dinh, Bo Soo Kim, Haris I Sair, Audrey-Carelle N Wandji, Elena Moreno, Glenda Torres, Jose Gavito-Higuera, Huimahn A Choi, John Pitts, Aaron M Gusdon, Glenn J Whitman

Journal Articles

Early detection of acute brain injury (ABI) is critical to intensive care unit (ICU) patient management and intervention to decrease major complications. Head CT (HCT) is the standard of care for the assessment of ABI in ICU patients; however, it has limited sensitivity compared to MRI. We retrospectively compared the ability of ultra-low-field portable MR (ULF-pMR) and head HCT, acquired within 24 h of each other, to detect ABI in ICU patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A total of 17 adult patients (median age 55 years; 47% male) were included in the analysis. Of the 17 patients assessed, …

Metabolomic Profiles In Jamaican Children With And Without Autism Spectrum Disorder, Akram Yazdani, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Sepideh Saroukhani, Jan Bressler, Manouchehr Hessabi, Amirali Tahanan, Megan L Grove, Tanja Gangnus, Vasanta Putluri, Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal, Nagireddy Putluri, Katherine A Loveland, Mohammad H Rahbar

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with a wide range of behavioral and cognitive impairments. While genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to its etiology, the underlying metabolic perturbations associated with ASD which can potentially connect genetic and environmental factors, remain poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a metabolomic case-control study and performed a comprehensive analysis to identify significant alterations in metabolite profiles between children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate potential metabolomic signatures associated with ASD in children and identify specific metabolites that may serve as biomarkers for the disorder. …

Methodological Advances In Patient-Centered Rare Disease Research: The Uthealth Houston Turner Syndrome Society Of The United States Research Registry, Sara Mansoorshahi, Cindy Scurlock, Scientific Advisory Board Of The Turner Syndrome Society Of The United States Research Registry, Siddharth K Prakash

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Many different clinical specialists provide care to patients with Turner syndrome (TS), who have highly variable clinical manifestations. Therefore, a national TS registry is essential to inform a cohesive approach to healthcare and research. In 2015, the Turner Syndrome Society of the United States (TSSUS) created the Turner Syndrome Research Registry (TSRR) to engage directly with community participants who voluntarily provide longitudinal data about their experiences with TS. TSRR projects are collaborative partnerships between people with TS, TSSUS, and researchers.

RESULTS: To ensure that registry workflows conform to the data privacy choices of participants, TSSUS collaborated with UTHealth Houston …

Overcoming Fear Of Developing Country: A Case Report Of Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy For T3a Renal Cell Carcinoma, Vo Anh Vinh Trang, Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen, Nam Hoang Nguyen, Giang Trieu Quach, Phu Phat Pham, Phuc Cam Hoang Nguyen

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma poses significant challenges in kidney diseases, particularly in the context of the T3 stage, where treatment strategies remain controversial. The utilization of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, particularly in developing countries, has been restricted for such patients, primarily due to limited infrastructure and concerns about recurrence risk and long-term pathologic outcomes.

PRESENTATION OF CASE: In this report, we present a case of a 64-year-old male diagnosed with T3aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Abdominal computed tomography revealed a 5.2 × 5.2 × 5.1 cm mass on the right upper part of the kidney with a possible thrombus in the …