Family Medicine Commons^™

A Role For Cox Inhibition In The Prevention Of Progression Of Barrett’S Esophagus To Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, John Speakman

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Barrett’s esophagus is the most significant predictor of the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The current treatment recommendation is a proton pump inhibitor to control acid reflux, yet there remains a significant number of individuals who progress to cancer. More can be done to prevent this progression.

Purpose: To this end, this paper seeks to answer the following PICO question: P: Patients with Barrett’s esophagus not yet esophageal adenocarcinoma; I: Standard PPI treatment with the addition of Aspirin; C: Standard PPI treatment only; O: Prevention of progression of Barrett’s esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A comprehensive literature …

Analysis Of Intrauterine Device Implementation And Review Of Prevention Strategies To Reduce Adolescent Pregnancy In Nicaragua, Haley Johnson

Theses and Graduate Projects

Adolescent pregnancy is one of the main healthcare issues facing Nicaragua. Prevention strategies are needed to avoid the maternal and fetal outcomes associated with young pregnancies. Extensive literature analysis and face-to-face discussions in Nicaragua were conducted to determine the current incidence of adolescent pregnancy and contraception use, barriers to reproductive health for adolescents, maternal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy, and if intrauterine devices have the potential to be a culturally effective method of contraception. Specific barriers to reproductive health for adolescents were identified to be machismo, societal criticism, lack of reproductive education, fear of infection from IUDs, and underutilization of healthcare …

Are Children Of A Diabetic Mother In Comparison To Children Of A Nondiabetic Mother At An Increased Risk For Developing Obesity In The First 10 Years Of Life?, Chhorn Pho

Theses and Graduate Projects

Body weight, glucose, insulin, and leptin were studied in children of mothers with gestational diabetes, type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Breast milk of diabetic mothers was also analyzed to study its relationship to childhood obesity. In the first 2 years of life, infants of mothers with gestational diabetes have no significant difference in weight gain but by the age of 10, most of the children birthed by any diabetic mothers were either overweight or obese. Children of mothers diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 have higher resistance to insulin than children of mothers with other diabetes types. Leptin was …

Access And Attitudes Regarding Emergency Contraception And Reproductive Health In Nicaragua, Nadia Commers

Theses and Graduate Projects

Unintended pregnancy affects millions of women across the globe and often leads to an increased risk of health complications and socio-economic stress. In Nicaragua, approximately 1 in 6 births are unplanned, a relatively low number in comparison to the United States. However, the rate of unintended pregnancy is particularly problematic within the adolescent age group of Nicaragua, where 50% of women give birth before age 20 and 45% of those births are unplanned. The annual fertility rate of Nicaragua’s adolescents (109 births per 1,000 15-19- year-olds) is the highest in all of North, Central and South America, where the average …

The Effectiveness Of Video And Other Electronic Media On Dnr/Dni Decisions Within Advance Care Planning, Peter Seebarg

Theses and Graduate Projects

Advance Care Planning is used to ensure patients’ wishes and preferences for treatment are in line with their medical situation. Its use has increased over the past years, but it has been implemented in a piece wise and unorganized fashion. Changes in provider billing capabilities and a recent consensus definition and implementation strategies of Advance Care Planning have created an opportunity to research and explore best use practices. A key feature of Advance Care Planning is creating autonomy for patients’ decisions. Autonomy is especially important for the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of a medical crisis.

Research …

How To Choose: Enhancing Shared Decision Making In Breast Cancer Screening, Emma Hermes

Theses and Graduate Projects

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Mammography screening has shown improvement in early detection leading to early treatment of breast cancer and thus reducing morbidity and mortality rates related to breast cancer. However, the contradictory guidelines put forth by the American Cancer Society, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and United States Preventive Services Task Force have posed a compelling problem in the health care system, especially for primary care providers: What guideline recommendation should be followed? Review of the three sets of guidelines, including the systematic reviews from which they were formed, and outside studies were …