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Full-Text Articles in Medical Toxicology
Characterization Of The Nicotine-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response In The Rat Placenta In Vivo And In Vitro, Michael Ka Chun Wong
Characterization Of The Nicotine-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response In The Rat Placenta In Vivo And In Vitro, Michael Ka Chun Wong
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Nicotine exposure during pregnancy leads to adverse health outcomes, including compromised placental development. Although the molecular mechanisms remain elusive, recent studies identified that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may underlie poor placentation. Therefore, we were interested in investigating the effects of nicotine exposure on the ER stress response in the placenta. A well-established maternal nicotine exposure rat model and Rcho-1 trophoblast giant cell model were utilized to address the research questions. Maternal nicotine exposure in vivo led to elevated ER stress in association with impaired disulfide bond formation and hypoxia. Nicotine exposure in vitro further differentiated that ER stress may be …
Investigating Risk Factors For Pediatric Opioid Morbidity And Mortality, Lauren E. Kelly
Investigating Risk Factors For Pediatric Opioid Morbidity And Mortality, Lauren E. Kelly
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Young children are sometimes prescribed opioids and may be exposed to opioids in utero and through breast milk. Clinical and genetic factors create large inter- individual variability in opioid response and have been associated with life threatening and often fatal adverse drug reactions in young children. Genetic factors have been studied in adults but there is little clinical evidence in young children. The focus of this thesis is on three commonly prescribed opioids: codeine, morphine and methadone. The objective of this work was to investigate risk factors associated with opioid related morbidity and mortality in young children. Risk factors were …
Predicting Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: Mechanistic And Clinical Implications, Abdelbaset A. Elzagallaai
Predicting Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: Mechanistic And Clinical Implications, Abdelbaset A. Elzagallaai
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are responsible for a high number of morbidities and mortalities worldwide and estimated to be the fourth most important cause of death in the US and Canada after heart diseases, cancer and stroke. ADRs are either type A (~80%) which are predictable, related to the drug pharmacology and dose-dependent or type B (~20%), which are unpredictable, unrelated to the drug pharmacology and have no clear dose-dependency. Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) represent the majority of type-B ADRs, which are rare but potentially fatal and unpredictable. The latter aspect makes DHRs very difficult to diagnose and necessitate the …