Pharmaceutical Preparations Commons^™

Perioperative Ketamine Use For Post Mastectomy Pain, Alessia Cooney, Jaylyn Thompson, Naomi Watkins-Granville

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

PMPS is defined as chronic neuropathic pain following breast cancer procedures in the ipsilateral arm, chest wall, axilla or shoulder.1-3 Approximately 20 to 50% of post mastectomy patients suffer from Post Mastectomy Pain Syndrome (PMPS).1 With more than 3.8 million breast cancer survivors, due to advances in treatment, there is increased importance in findings ways to better manage the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.1,4 Ketamine induces analgesic effects through its non-competitive antagonism of NDMA receptors.5 Low doses of ketamine infusion (20–30 mg x h−1) have been shown to produce analgesia in neuropathic pain states with benefits lasting up …

Pain Control: Opioid Vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During The Immediate Postoperative Period, Shamsie M. Lumpkin Bsn, Srna, Isaac W. Parrish Bsn, Srna, Austin S. Terrell Bsn, Srna, Dwayne S. Accardo Dnp, Aprn, Crna

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to …

Dexmedetomidine Vs Fentanyl In Attenuating The Sympathetic Surge During Endotracheal Intubation: A Scoping Review, Alexandra Schwieger, Kaelee Shrewsbury, Paul Shaver, Dwayne Accardo Dnp, Crna

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Purpose/Background Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia can cause a reflex sympathetic surge of catecholamines caused by airway stimulation. This may cause hypertension, tachycardia, and arrhythmias. This reflex can be detrimental in patients with poor cardiac reserve and can be poorly tolerated and lead to adverse events such as myocardial ischemia. Fentanyl, a potent opioid, with a rapid onset and short duration of action is given during induction to block the sympathetic response. With a rise in the opioid crisis and finding ways to change the practice in medicine to use less opioids, dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2 …

Evaluating Anesthetic Protocols For Non-Human Primate Functional Neuroimaging, Megha Verma

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to measure a proxy of neural activity in vivo with high spatial specificity. One subject can be followed for a long period of time to assess changes in functional brain organization. However, fMRI is extremely sensitive to motion. The challenges of training non-human primates to reduce motion in an MRI scanner motivate the study of anesthesia which is commonly used to substitute for this training. In this thesis, I compare three different commonly used anesthetic protocols: isoflurane, propofol-fentanyl in combination, and fentanyl alone, to test which of …

Refrigerated Stability Of Diluted Cisatracurium, Rocuronium, And Vecuronium For Skin Testing After Perioperative Anaphylaxis, Kristen Dinsmore, Bethany Campbell, Timothy Archibald, Greg Mosier, Stacy Brown Phd, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada Md

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Rationale: The purpose of this study is to investigate the stored stability of dilutions of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), namely cisatracurium, rocuronium, and vecuronium, for skin prick/intradermal testing.

Methods: Concentrations of NMBAs were monitored by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for a period of 14 days. Dilutions of NMBAs were prepared in saline by factors of 10x, 100x, 1,000x, 10,000x, and 100,000x as sensitivity of the assay allowed. Diluted drug products were stored in a laboratory refrigerator until sampling. On sampling days, aliquots of each dilution were removed and compared to a freshly prepared set of reference dilutions.

Results: The results …

Intravenous Procaine During Thoracic Surgery, Forrest E. Leffingwell

Medical Arts and Sciences: A Scientific Journal of the College of Medical Evangelists

Surgery on the heart and paracardial structures or traction on the hilus of the lung may initiate serious arrhythmias which can result in death if not promptly controlled. Procedures involving the pericardium are particularly apt to be followed by severe derangements of rhythm. Thus anesthesiology is faced with another challenge.

It is now evident that the intravenous administration of procaine has become a valuable addition to the armamentarium of the anesthesiologist in his endeavor to preserve the integrity of the thread of life while the surgeon carries out his heroic assignment without restrictions.

The Central Action Of Procaine, Clarence W. Olsen

Medical Arts and Sciences: A Scientific Journal of the College of Medical Evangelists

Procaine was introduced as a local anesthetic with advantage over cocaine, especially as regards relative freedom from dangerous central effects. It [now] appears that when procaine hydrochloride is injected intravenously, the indications of a central effect are more emphatic when the solution is given rather rapidly.

Probably some of the central effects of procaine can be obtained with local infiltration. This is, of course, generally admitted when untoward results occur, but it should also be considered in connection with the favorable effects. Macpherson recently expressed the idea that in some cases we are getting the beneficial effects of procaine injection …

A Resume Of Intravenous Procaine Therapy, Fred B. Moor

Medical Arts and Sciences: A Scientific Journal of the College of Medical Evangelists

Summary:

1. The intravenous injection of procaine hydrochloride for a variety of clinical conditions constitutes a surprising new chapter in therapeutics.

2. With adequate precautions as to dosage and rate of administration, procaine can be safely given by the intravenous route in concentrations of 0.1 to 1 per cent.

It has been used successfully for serum sickness, the pruritis of jaundice, trauma of soft tissues, bones and joints, in the prevention and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias during intrathoracic surgery, for the relief of pain in osteoarthritis, for the control of pain during the dressing of burns, for postoperative pain, and …