Respiratory System Commons^™

A Case Report And Review On The Anesthetic Considerations Of Anterior Mediastinal Masses, Carter A. Schulz, Joshua D. Mohs, Andrew M. Reuter

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

Case summary: A 15-year-old female presented with chest pain, dyspnea, and weight loss. A chest X-ray and subsequent CT scan revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass with cervical lymphadenopathy and pericardial effusion. Two biopsies under general anesthesia were performed, with the latter confirming classic Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis subtype.

Discussion: This case underscores the significant clinical challenges posed by anterior mediastinal masses due to their proximity to vital cardiovascular and respiratory structures. Physiologic changes during general anesthesia can exacerbate these challenges. Preoperative assessment, including imaging and symptom evaluation, is crucial to guide operative planning. It is key to individualize the …

Recent Studies In The Surgical Treatment Of Tetralogy Of Fallot, Emma C. Gardner

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

No abstract provided.

Parasympathetic Activity And Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness In Athletes, Audrey Badza

The Downtown Review

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a term used to describe the bronchial constriction response to environmental stimuli. BHR is increasingly common in endurance athletes due to increased exposure to some stimuli. The purpose of this review is to evaluate Stang et al.'s (2016) article, "Parasympathetic Activity and Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness in Athletes" and discuss the significance of their results. The results concluded that BHR is related to the parasympathetic activity of the heart rather than the pupils. The study concluded that there is an association between BHR and parasympathetic activity of the heart, methacholine is associated with BHR and cardiac vagal activity, …

Understanding Our Airways: How Lung Structure And Function Is Impacted By Respiratory Infections And Immune Responses, Katherine Coll

McNair Research Journal SJSU

Understanding the underlying functions and interplaying systems that make up the respiratory system is a crucial step in the research and development of treatments for respiratory illnesses. In this literature review, I explore the complex biochemical processes that occur in the pulmonary epithelium and endothelium. As epithelial and endothelial cells serve a multitude of functions such as host protection and nutrient regulation, discussing the interplay between these cells and intercellular junctions and their immediate impact on the respiratory system is essential to understanding the impact of respiratory dysfunctions and diseases. This review further examines the different types of intercellular junctions …

Preparing For The Unexpected: Recognizing A Tortuous Thoracic Aorta During Ultrasound-Guided Thoracentesis, Michael Choi, Jessica Roettger, Christopher J. Smith

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Ultrasound-guidance has become the standard of care for bedside thoracentesis. This manuscript describes the importance of utilizing point-of-care-ultrasound (POCUS) and color Doppler in avoiding an unusual, but potentially catastrophic aortic puncture during thoracentesis. The case describes a 70 year-old man who presented with one week of shortness of breath. He was found to have a large left-sided pleural effusion on imaging studies. During a bedside POCUS examination, he was found to have a hyperechoic linear structure in his posterior left hemithorax. Ultrasound application of color Doppler revealed a pulsatile flow, confirming visualization of the aorta. The site of needle insertion …

Endotracheal Tube Dislodgment In A High Risk Pulmonary Hypertensive Patient Due To Undiagnosed Tracheomegaly: A Case Report, Andrew Peck, Tammer N. Ghaly, Austin J. Adams, Daniel W. Johnson, Rebecca A. Aron

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction

Airway enlargement was first described histologically in 1872, but it was not clinically reported until 1932, when Dr. Mounier-Kuhn published his seminal radiographic studies.¹ Since then, it is estimated that several hundred case reports have been published on congenital Mounier-Kuhn Syndrome (MKS), acquired tracheomegaly, and tracheobronchomegaly (TBM), yet only a few comprehensive literature reviews exist.²

Case

This case report details an elective nasal procedure for a patient with a history of significant pulmonary hypertension ad COPD on 5L home O₂ who had a symptomatic facial trauma. He was considered high risk secondary to his pulmonary disease, …

Variations In Practice Of Apnea Test For Brain Death: Review From A Multihospital Health Care System, Jeffrey Stein, Marvi V. Rijhwani, Ernesto Brauer

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Background: Ventilation encompasses both active and passive processes. Air is initially drawn into the lungs due to a negative intrathoracic pressure created using the respiratory muscles, most importantly the diaphragm. In contrast, expiration is the passive relaxation of the respiratory muscles. Oxygenation occurs when oxygen diffuses across the alveolar-capillary membrane. The ability to oxygenate without ventilation has been termed apneic diffusion oxygenation or apneic oxygenation. We believe it is crucial to keep alveoli open in order for adequate oxygenation to occur. This can be achieved with the aid of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). We investigated this concept in patients who …

Respiration In The Newborn Infant, A. Robert Bauer, Philip J. Howard

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Oxygen Physiology, Normal And Abnormal, Donald D. Van Slyke

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Circulatory Effects Of Histamine, Fred B. Moor

Medical Arts and Sciences: A Scientific Journal of the College of Medical Evangelists

No abstract provided.