Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Impact Of Side-Branch Management In Non-Left Main Bifurcation Lesions Provisionally Stented, Mostafa Attia Mohamed Alsawasany, Abdelaal Alsayed Abdelrahman Alkhouly, Ahmed Mohamed Fahmy, Hosam Mohamed Emam Nour Eldeen

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: It is estimated that fifteen to twenty percent of all percutaneous coronary interventions are bifurcation PCIs. Bifurcation intervention is regarded as one of the most challenging procedures in the field of interventional cardiology, both in terms of the success rate of the procedure itself as well as the incidence of long-term cardiac events. Aim and objectives: to assess the impact of side branch ostium management with either KBI or RE-POT in non-left main bifurcations provisionally stented. patients and methods: Retrospective and prospective study of 100 patients, 73 male and 27 female with non-left main bifurcation lesions treated with single …

Extended Letrozole Regimen For Treatment Of Clomiphene Resistant Pco Patient, Yehia Wafa, Fahd Abdelal El-Omda, Mohammed Atef Mohammed Kamaly

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: About 1 in 15 women are affected by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a complex endocrine condition with a variety of causes. Excessive androgen secretion or activity is the primary endocrine disturbance, and aberrant insulin activity is seen in a large proportion of women. Aim and objectives: To contrast the efficacy of a prolonged letrozole treatment for treating clomiphene-resistant PCOS to that of a short letrozole therapy and a placebo. Subjects and methods: This prospective, interventional, research was done at Qena university hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology department. All cases were subdivided into three groups: Group (A): 40 patients took short …

Role Of Urinary Podocalyxin In Early Diagnosis Of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Mostafa Abdel Fattah El-Ballat, Mohamed Hasan Attia, Ahmed Ali Ali Assem, Abd Ellatif Ibrahim Abd Ellatif

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Major complications of diabetes include diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). When DN is diagnosed and treated early on, its progression to ESRD can be slowed. It is recommended to start screening for DN at the time of diagnosis because approximately three percent of newly diagnosed cases of T2DM already have overt nephropathy. Aim and objectives: to test podocalyxin in the urine for its potential as a non-invasive diagnostic for early diagnosis of diabetic kidney damage. Subjects and methods: Eighty patients were analyzed in this cross-sectional study that took place over the course of …

Role Of Transvaginal Ultrasonography In Assessment Of Uterine And Adnexal Factors Of Infertility, Osama El-Saeed Aly, Saged Mohamed Elmazzaly, Mohammed Abdel-Aziz Ibrahim El-Menshawy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: There are many categories of female infertility factors, including cervix or uterus, ovary, tubal, as well as others.

Aim of the study: Our study aimed to evaluate the role of transvaginal ultrasonography in female infertility diagnosis. Ultrasound is becoming a crucial component of current female infertility examinations and assisted conception treatments.

Patients and Methods: One hundred cases of infertility at Al-Azhar University Hospital and Damanhour teaching Hospital were selected based on clinical diagnosis, ultrasonographic and laboratory findings. Examined by transvaginal ultrasonography to define the cause of infertility.

Results: Our results showed that On doing TVUS for all women in …

Predicting Dialysis Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation Depending On Rule Of Six, Omar Mokhtar Elhaig, Reda Osman Abbas, Ayoup Salah Eldin Masoud

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The ideal vascular access is thought to be an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). AVF clinical maturation has been predicted by postoperative ultrasound measures in a few small, single-center studies using measures of the brachial or radial artery or the AVF vein inner diameter and blood flow in various locations along these arteries or the AVF vein, which limits comparability. Aim and Objectives: to assess the efficacy of the Rule of 6 in predicting Arteriovenous fistula maturation in Hemodialysis patients. Patients and methods: This prospective observational research was carried out in the Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, in the Vascular Surgery …

Role Of First Trimistric Uterine Artery Doppler And Maternal Serum Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin In Prediction Of Preeclampsia, Abdel Monam Mohamed Zakria, Ahmed Mohamed Saeed, Alaa Elsayed Abo El Gheit Elsayed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Despite early acclimation, there is an imbalance in systemic circulation and vasoactive factors. Failure of trophoblast invasion owing to risk, genetic polymorphism, and other factors inhibits the physiological remodeling of spiral arteriolar walls. Doppler demonstrates hemodynamic changes associated with PE. Ultrasound detects 75% of instances of preterm preeclampsia. In PE, PI, RI, and EDN indicate a maternal vascular disease. Failure of trophoblast invasion is caused by a persistent early diastolic notch or uneven blood flow velocity. VEGFs influence the placental development of HCG. Signs of preeclampsia include high or low HCG levels. Aim: to assess the role of first …

Inequitable By Design: The Patent Culture, Law, And Politics Behind Covid-19 Vaccine Global Access, Ximena Benavides

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

COVID-19 vaccine access has been highly inequitable worldwide, with coverage depending largely on a country’s wealth. By the end of 2021, 64.1% of people living in high-income countries had received at least one dose of the vaccine, compared to only 5.4% of those in low-income countries. Similarly, only high- and upper-middle-income countries had received the most effective vaccines.

The uneven distribution of these lifesaving vaccines is made complex due to the convergence of several factors, but it suggests that the extraordinary expanding and ossifying market and political power of a few vaccine manufacturers founded on intellectual property and complementary policies …

Microscopic-Assisted Mis-Tlif Through Wiltse Paraspinal Approach Using A Novel Plastic Tube In Treatment Of Adult Lumbar Disc Diseases, Khaled Omran, Assem M Nor-Eldin

Advanced Spine Journal

Background Data: Minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) is less invasive with less blood loss, postoperative pain, comorbidities, and shorter hospital stays than traditional open surgery.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the feasibility of microscopic MIS-TLIF using a 50 ml plastic tubular syringe instead of expensive expandable or tubular retractors in the treatment of adult lumbar disc diseases, analyze the clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes, and compare our data with the recent studies discussing the same issue.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Patients and Methods: From 2018 to 2020, 35 patients with symptomatic lumbar disc diseases were …

Challenges In Pediatric Spine Deformity Management In Areas With Limited Resources, Ahmad M Hammad, Alaaeldin A Ahmad

Advanced Spine Journal

Background Data: Pediatric spine deformity (PSD) represents a true challenge worldwide, a challenge that is significantly heightened in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to health inequity and inequality based on political, ethnic, and socioeconomic status. As such, poor people in LMICs suffer from higher rates of illnesses and, thus, morbidity and mortality. Amidst the lack of global consensus on the treatment of PSD and the organizational and financial limitations in LMICs, we herein explore the challenges and provide a holistic management plan for PSD in these countries.

Purpose: This review aims to shed light on limitations in …

Resveratrol Attenuated High Intensity Exercise Training-Induced Inflammation And Ferroptosis Via Nrf2/Fth1/Gpx4 Pathway In Intestine Of Mice, Zhe Xu, Xiaonan Sun, Bin Ding, Ming Zi, Yan Ma

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Moderate exercise has beneficial effects for human health and is helpful for the protection against several diseases. However, high intensity exercise training caused gastrointestinal syndrome. Resveratrol, a plant extract, plays a vital role in protecting various organs. However, whether resveratrol protected mice against high intensity exercise training-induced intestinal damage remains unclear. In this study, our objective was to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of resveratrol in high intensity exercise training-treated mice. Materials and methods: Mice were treated with swimming exercise protocol and/or resveratrol (15 mg/kg/day) for 28 consecutive days. Then, the mice were sacrificed, and a series of …

The Effects Of Tarantula Cubensis Extract On Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Rats, Sai̇me Özbek Şebi̇n, Tuncer Nacar, Ayhan Tanyeli̇, Ersen Eraslan, Mustafa Can Güler, Erdem Toktay, Eli̇f Polat, Hati̇ce Tuğçe Gedi̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) related acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important health problem and has not yet been fully treated. Tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) is a homeopathic drug that has antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TCE on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Materials and methods: This study was carried out on 48 Spraque-Dawley male rats, which were divided into six groups. The first, second, and third groups were control, sham, and IR groups, respectively. Group four received IR and 0.2 mL of 96% ethanol. Group five and six received ischemia and reperfusion …

The Diagnostic Value Of N-Terminal Probrain Natriuretic Peptides To Differentiate Neonatal Pneumoniae And Transient Tachypnea Of The Newborn, Zeynep Arslan, Serdar Alan, Di̇dem Ali̇efendi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The primary objective of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of serum N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels to differentiate neonatal pneumonia (NP) and transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). The secondary objective was to investigate the prognostic role of NT-proBNP levels in neonates with severe respiratory distress (RD). Materials and methods: A prospective, observational, single-blinded study involving 58 late preterm and term newborns who were diagnosed with TTN or NP was conducted between June 2020 and June 2021 at a level-3 neonatal intensive care unit in Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine. TTN and NP groups were …

The Predictive Significance Of Umbilical Cord Bilirubin And Bilirubin/Albumin Ratio For Neonatal Jaundice In Healthy Term Newborns, Handan Şahan, Selvi̇ Gülaşi, Mustafa Kurthan Mert, Eren Kale Çeki̇nmez

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to determine the value of the questions asked in routine follow-up, the cord blood bilirubin (CBB) and bilirubin/albumin (B/A) ratio in estimating the risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia. Materials and methods: Term and healthy 217 newborns whose CBB and albumin could be obtained and whose needed to be measured bilirubin level at the 24th and 72nd hours of life were included. Nutrition, sex and nationality, consanguinity between parents, jaundice in the sibling (s), mother's medications were questioned. CBB and albumin, serum total bilirubin (STB), serum albumin and transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) at the 24th and …

What Is The Yield Of Ebus-Tbna For Re-Evaluation Of Previously Treated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer?, Ayperi̇ Öztürk, Tuğba Çi̇çek, Aydin Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aAim: Locoregional recurrence in lung cancer still remains an important problem. We aimed to indicate the effectiveness of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for reevaluation in previously treated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods: NSCLC patients who underwent EBUS for rebiopsy of suspicious recurrent or progressive lesions between January 2010 and June 2017 were reviewed. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the previous treatment modalities: Group 1 (G1) consisted of patients who had been treated with chemoradiotherapy, and Group 2 (G2) consisted of patients who had undergone radical surgery. Results: Of 115 patients, 100 patients …

Turkish Validity And Reliability Of The Level Of Sitting Scale In Children With Cerebral Palsy, Kami̇le Uzun Akkaya, Sabi̇ha Bezgi̇n, Debra Field, Bülent Elbasan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The Level of Sitting Scale (LSS) is a valid and reliable classification index that categorizes sitting ability. The aim of this study is to establish the Turkish validity and reliability of the LSS in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Materials and methods: In total, 165 children (75 girls and 90 boys) between the ages of 4 and 18 years who were diagnosed with CP were included in the study. All children were evaluated by two independent physiotherapists for the interrater reliability analysis of the LSS and were reevaluated 1 week later by the same physiotherapist for the intrarater reliability …

The Role Of Superb Microvascular Imaging In Detecting Low-Grade Inflammation Among Adults And Those With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Preliminary Study, Alaaddi̇n Nayman, Nusret Seher, Mehmet Öztürk, Hali̇l Özer, Gülperi̇ Çeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Pathophysiologic changes associated with chronic inflammation occur with aging and more prominently in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and an association between chronic inflammation and muscle wasting has been identified. The microcirculation is extremely sensitive to the inflammatory process and actively participates in it. In a healthy adult, angiogenesis is a strictly controlled and rare occurrence. However, aberrant angiogenesis and the development of new tiny blood vessels are known in chronic inflammatory diseases. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a noninvasive technique that can evaluate tiny vessels with low blood flow and provide quantitative data. Our goal was to …

Texture Analysis Of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Differentiating Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer In The Peripheral Zone, Hali̇l Özer, Mustafa Koplay, Ahmet Baytok, Nusret Seher, Lütfi̇ Saltuk Demi̇r, Abi̇di̇n Kilinçer, Mehmet Kaynar, Serdar Göktaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Texture analysis (TA) provides additional tissue heterogeneity data that may assist in differentiating peripheral zone (PZ) lesions in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). This study investigates the role of magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis (MRTA) in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in the PZ. Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 80 consecutive patients who had an mpMRI and a prostate biopsy for sus- pected prostate cancer. Two radiologists in consensus interpreted mpMRI and performed texture analysis based on their histopathology. The first-, second-, and higher-order texture parameters were extracted from mpMRI and were compared between groups. Univariate …

The Role Of Endobronchial Ultrasonography Elastography In The Diagnosis Of Hilar And Mediastinal Lymph Nodes, Bariş Demi̇rkol, Eli̇f Tanriverdi̇, Şule Gül, Aysu Si̇nem Koç, Eli̇fe Akgün, Aytül Hande Yardimci, Kürşad Nuri̇ Baydi̇li̇, Erdoğan Çeti̇nkaya

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) is a minimally invasive diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs) and has sonographic features. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of EBUS elastography, which evaluates tissue compressibility integrated into EBUS, on malignant vs. benign mediastinal-hilar LNs. Materials and methods: A single-center, prospective study was conducted at the University of Health Sciences Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital between 01/10/2019 and 15/11/2019. The features of 219 LNs evaluated by thoracic computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, EBUS sonography and EBUS elastography were recorded. The LNs sampled by …

Multidrug Resistance In Pathogens Of Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections In Turkey: A Multicentre Prospective Observational Study, İrfan Şencan, Oğuz Karabay, Fatma Aybala Altay, Serap Süzük Yildiz, Hüsni̇ye Şi̇mşek, Meli̇h Gaffar Gözükara, Semanur Kuzi̇, Gülden Eser Karlidağ, Şafak Kaya, Gülnur Kul, Emi̇ne Türkoğlu, Büşra Ergüt Sezer, Nesi̇be Korkmaz, Si̇bel Yildiz Kaya, Merve Sefa Sayar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To have country-wide information about multidrug resistance (MDR) in isolates from community-acquired urinary tract infections (CAUTI) of Turkey, in terms of resistance rates and useful options. Materials and methods: We used a geocode standard, nomenclature of territorial units for statistics (NUTS), and a total of 1588 community-acquired isolates of 20 centres from 12 different NUTS regions between March 2019 and March 2020 were analysed. Results: Of the 1588 culture growths, 1269 (79. 9%) were Escherichia coli and 152 (9.6%) were Klebsiella spp. Male sex, advanced age, and having two or more risk factors showed a statistically significant relation with …

Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterization Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Commonly Isolated Salmonella Serovars From Chickens, Seyyi̇de Sariçam İnce, Mehmet Akan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella agents is the second most common zoonotic infection in humans. In recent years, Salmonella's increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been a concern. The major transmission route of Salmonella is consumption of contaminated poultry products. Therefore, monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in chicken-originated Salmonella is critically important. This study investigated AMR in four commonly isolated Salmonella serovars from chickens, namely Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis), Salmonella Infantis (S. Infantis), Salmonella Kentucky (S. Kentucky), and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). A total of 133 isolates were examined by phenotypic and genotypic AMR characterization. Resistance to 14 different antimicrobials and eight …

Are The Mandible Shapes Of Common (Paradoxurus Hermaphroditus) And Golden (Paradoxurus Zeylonensis) Palm Civets Different? A Pilot Study, İftar Gürbüz, Yasi̇n Demi̇raslan, Channa Rajapaksha, Devaka K. Weerakoon, Saminda Fernando

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study adult common and golden palm civet mandibles were analysed by geometric morphometric method. For this purpose, the materials were photographed in accordance with the procedure and analysed using computer programs. No allometric component was detected in the comparison of the mandibles. The first principal component defined 28.657% of the total shape variation in the mandibles of the two groups that were analysed with a total of 19 landmarks. The samples were largely separated from each other in the principal component analysis. The shape differences were mostly in the caudal of the mandible. Also, in the common palm …

Effects Of Free Capric Acid, Lauric Acid, And Coconut Oil Supplementation On Performance, Carcass, And Some Blood Biochemical Parameters Of Broiler Chickens, Mehmet Demi̇rci̇, Şevket Evci̇, Mehmet Aki̇f Karsli, Ali̇ Şenol

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of the addition of free capric (decanoic, C10:0) and lauric (dodecanoic, C12:0) acids and coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil to the broiler diets on performance, carcass yield, internal organ weights and some blood parameters. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in the study, and four main groups were formed with four subgroups containing equal number of chicks. The control (C) group was fed with basal diet without any supplementation and the experimental groups were fed with 0.4% free capric acid (CA)-, lauric acid (LA)-, …

A Comparative Study Of Oocyte Between Native Cattle And Buffalo Species In Bangladesh: A Qualitative And Quantitative Approach, Zannatul Naim, Md Saiful Islam, Lam Yea Asad, Md Enayet Kabir

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In vitro embryo production (IVP) can help alleviating reproductive difficulties in cattle and buffalo. This study compared qualitative and quantitative features of native cattle and buffalo ovaries and oocytes to understand them comprehensively. In addition, it was conducted to pick the ideal ovaries for oocyte collection and to assess either maturation affects oocyte diameter or not. The ovaries were collected from the local slaughterhouses of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Next, the quantitative parameters of ovaries were measured, the follicular fluid was aspired, the oocytes were classified, and the diameters of oocytes were determined in both pre and postmaturation. Here, the results …

Investigation Of Relationships Between Serum Lactate, Acute Phase Proteins, Pro/ Antiinflammatory Cytokine Levels, And Metritis Formation In Holstein Dairy Heifers, Talha Avcilar, Davut Koca, Yavuz Nak, Mustafa Eren Şahi̇n, Musa Özgür Özyi̇ği̇t, Deni̇z Nak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The main purpose of this investigation was to identify and suggest suitable early screening inflammatory markers for the early diagnosis of uterine infections such as acute septic metritis (ASM) in the Holstein heifers. In addition, to achieve the above -mentioned aim, the objectives of the present study were tried to determine the relationship between blood serum lactate, acute phase proteins (APPs), pro/anti inflammatory cytokine levels, and metritis formation in Holstein heifers. For this purpose, 250 Holstein heifers which were 11-13 months old, were chosen as the study material. After heifers were conceived, blood serum samples were collected at the 8th …

Arterial Vascularization Of The Spleen In Merino Sheep, Melek Tosun, Şükrü Hakan Atalgin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, it is aimed to reach detailed information about the anatomy of arteries in the sheep spleen, which can be used as an example and model for the success of planned or emergency surgical interventions related to the spleen. In spleen injuries, the spleen may be divided into two or three parts, or it may be limited to cracks on the spleen. In particular, it is aimed to protect the organs that have been damaged by trauma recently. Operations such as splenectomy and splenography are surgical procedures that require good knowledge of the pathways of artery and its …

Effects Of Feeding In Different Quality Rangelands On Meat Quality And Fatty Acids Composition In Angora Goat Kids And Young Bucks, Betül Zehra Sariçi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of feeding in different quality rangelands on meat quality and fatty acids composition in Angora goat kids and bucks were determined. Twenty male Angora goat kids were selected from each farm that produces Angora goats in the area. There are three separate rangelands with previously determined quality classes (good, medium, and low-quality). In each farm, among these animals grazed completely on the rangeland, 7 heads from 4-month-old kids and 7 heads from 7-month-old bucks were selected and slaughtered. The Longissimus thoracis muscle was removed for meat quality measurement. The increased rangeland quality increased the protein content of kid's …

Examination Of Canine Herpesvirus-1 In Dogs By Serological, Molecular, And Pathological Methods, Serkan Yildirim, Fatma Gülten Bayraktar, Hakan Aydin, Yavuz Seli̇m Sağlam, Gi̇zem Eser, Muhammet Bahaeddi̇n Dörtbudak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, it was aimed to examine Canine Herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) with different diagnostic methods and investigate the pathological changes in positive samples. For this purpose, 100 dog uteruses of different ages and breeds, were removed by ovariohysterectomy and their blood samples were used as the study material. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) for serological diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for molecular diagnosis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining for immunopathological diagnosis were performed on the samples. Additionally, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to examine the histopathological changes in the CHV- 1-positive …

Genetic Parameters Of Growth, Reproductive, And Productive Characteristics In Anatolian Buffaloes, Yusuf Kaplan, Mustafa Tekerli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

It was aimed to investigate the genetic parameters in growth, fertility, and productivity of Anatolian buffaloes maintained at private farms of Yozgat. A total of 1139 buffalo cows and their calves were used in the study. The weights at birth, weaning, 6th and 12th months of age, and daily live weight gains (DLWG) of buffalo calves born from 2015 to 2019 were recorded. Calving interval (CI) and service period (SP), lactation milk yield (LMY), milk yield per day of lactation period (MYPDLP), milk yield per day of calving interval (MYPDCI), peak yield (PY), a day at peak yield (DPY) and …

The Effect Of Simvastatin Treatment On Tnf-Alpha-Induced Inflammation In Human Vascular Endothelial Cells (Huvecs), Büşra Görgün, Betül İşi̇ner Kaya, Kübra Kaya, Leyla Di̇dem Kozaci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study investigates the effects of simvastatin (SMV) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) inflamed by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). Cells were treated with simvastatin (5 μM, 10 μM, and 50 μM) with/without TNF (20 ng/mL). The effects of simvastatin on the proliferation of cells were examined, and its cytotoxic effect was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Metalloproteinase expression (MMP-2 and MMP-9) levels of SMV at different concentrations were determined by qPCR, and protein levels were determined by Western blot. The increasing concentrations of SMV down-regulated the expression levels of MMPs. After stimulation with TNF-a, the effect of …

Investigation Of Bmp15 And Gdf9 Gene Polymorphisms And Their Effects On Litter Size In Anatolian Sheep Breed Akkaraman, Koray Kirikçi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to examine the polymorphism of the BMP15 (FecX$^{G}$ and FecX$^{I}$) and GDF9 (G1 and G4) genes and the association between genotypes and litter size in the Akkaraman breed. Blood samples were taken from 100 ewes in total. Genomic DNA was obtained from whole blood. The PCR-RFLP technique was employed to determine the polymorphisms of the genes under investigation. The G1 was the only polymorphic among the four loci analyzed. The frequencies for the GA and GG genotypes were 0.26 and 0.74, respectively, while the A and G allele frequencies were 0.13 and 0.87, respectively. The observed and …