Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Fertilization Practices For Double Cropping Systems, John H. Grove

Agronomy Notes

Double cropping has become an important practice in the state of Kentucky. While the wheat-soybean grain intensive production system is the most widely used on an acreage basis (approx. 3/4 million acres per year) several other systems are being adopted by Kentucky growers. Most of these involve some silage production for beef and/or dairy cattle. The fall seeded small grain (wheat, barley, triticale) is harvested at an immature stage of growth and ensiled and a subsequent crop for silage (corn, grain sorghum) or grain (soybean, grain sorghum) is planted. The use of reduced and no-tillage management will speed up planting …

Heat Tolerance Screening Of Field-Grown Cultivars Of Kentucky Bluegrass And Perennial Ryegrass, D. D. Minner, P. H. Dernoeden, David J. Wehner, M. S. Mcintosh

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

The quality of cool-season turfgrasses frequently declines during periods of high temperature stress. Simple tests are needed to rapidly identify heat tolerant germplasm for incorporation into breeding programs. Facilitative screening tests have been devised, however, in the few studies that have been performed only immature and greenhouse or growth chamber-grown plants have been evaluated. To be of practical value, results of screening tests, employing plants grown under artificial conditions, should correlate closely with results of tests involving field grown plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the heat tolerance of several cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis …

Urease Activity In A Kentucky Bluegrass Turf, W. A. Torello, David J. Wehner

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

The components of a turfgrass ecosystem, including plants, an intervening layer of thatch and the underlying soil, influence the fate of topically applied urea fertilizer. The loss of urea N by ammonia volatilization may be governed by the rate of urea hydrolysis. The main objective of this study was to determine the extent of urease activity associated with turfgrass plant tissue, thatch, and the underlying soil. This information may help elucidate the mechanism of ammonia loss following urea application. Because a turfgrass stand frequently possesses an extensive thatch layer that may serve as the primary plant growth medium, additional objectives …

Results Of The Twelfth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1980, S. L. Kuhr, C. J. Peterson, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the twelfth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture, under contract number AID/ta-C-1093 with the U.S. International Development Corporation, Agency for International Development. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes; (3) test the degree …

Effects Of Herbicides And Treatment Dates On The Establishment Of Sod-Seeded Red Clover, Birdsfoot Trefoil, And Alfalfa, R.L. Nichols, R.A. Peters, B.G. Mullinix Jr.

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

N:S Ratio Of Forages In Kentucky, Kenneth L. Wells

Agronomy Notes

Concern has been expressed during recent years that sulfur may have become more limiting for plant growth and subsequently ruminant animal nutrition than was expected. This likelihood is based largely on the fact that (a) the inherent sulfur content of fertilizer phosphates has greatly diminished with declining use of normal superphosphate in manufacture of mixed fertilizers, (b) increased regulatory effect on burning of high sulfur fuels, and (c) increased use of nitrogen fertilizers for production of animal feeds. Assumedly, any or all these factors could result in alteration of nitrogen and sulfur content of forages to the point that either …

Day-Degree Methods For Pest Management, Kenneth P. Pruess

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Recommendations are made for reporting day-degree methods which may have practical applications. Standardized thresholds (40, 50, and 60°F, or 5, 10, and 15°C) should be used. Day-degrees may be either sine wave approximations or exact units determined by instrumentation. Methods are proposed for converting current day-degree models to standardized thresholds and, ultimately, to actual day-degrees.

Ammonia Volatilization From Fertilized Turfgrass Stands, W. A. Torello, David J. Wehner, A. J. Turgeon

Office of the Dean (CAFES) Scholarship

Nitrogen applied to turfgrass stands can be lost through leaching, denitrification, or ammonia (NH₃) volatilization. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of N carrier and mode of application on NH₃ volatilization from a Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) turf growing on an acidic (pH 6.4) Flanagan silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) soil. The NH₃, which volatilized after application of any of several sulfur-coated ureas (SCU), prilled urea, spray-applied solubilized urea, and two liquid N products was measured by passing the airstream from microecosystems, in which the treated turfs …

Performance Of Tall Fescue Varieties, Robert C. Buckner, Paul B. Burrus Ii, Nelson Gay, Garry D. Lacefield

Agronomy Notes

The objective of the tall fescue breeding program is the development of varieties characterized by superior nutritive value (including reduced contents of perloline and loline alkaloids and the fungal endophyte, Epichloe typhina), palatability, disease resistance, and adaptation through the utilization of intergeneric and interspecific hybrid derivatives of ryegrass and tall fescue species. Varieties previously released from the breeding program were, Kentucky 31, Kenwell, and Kenhy. Johnstone tall fescue, developed cooperatively by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA-ARS, was released March 1, 1982, as,a new variety. Johnstone is characterized as having low levels of perloline alkaloid and the fungal endophyte, …

An Estimate Of The Soil Fertility Status Of Graves And Todd Counties In Kentucky, Kenneth L. Wells, D. E. Peaslee, Marvin Davidson, William Green

Agronomy Notes

Some concern has developed during recent years that fertilizer is being used by farmers on fields with residual levels of P and K high enough that such use is not justified as a means of increasing crop yields. This has been due to increased "average" soil test values for samples routinely submitted to college soil test laboratories.

For this reason, studies were conducted in Graves and Todd Counties in Kentucky during the period September, 1978 to September, 1980, to determine if soil samples routinely submitted to college test laboratories do or do not accurately reflect the average soil fertility status …

Red Clover Variety Trials Through 1982, Roy E. Sigafus, Norman L. Taylor, Garry D. Lacefield

Agronomy Notes

Care should be taken by growers to obtain red clover seed of known origin, variety, germination, and purity. Whenever possible, purchase of certified seed of adapted varieties is strongly advised. Varieties such as Altaswede, Norlac, and Ottawa from Canada; Arlington and Lakeland from Wisconsin; Pennscott from Pennsylvania; Chesapeake from Maryland; and Tensas from Louisiana are not as well suited for use in Kentucky as are Kenland, Kenstar, and a few other varieties developed for the general area of Kentucky.

Blueberry Progress Reports, James F. Dill, H Y. Forsythe Jr, Kathy Flanders, Frank L. Caruso, Michael G. Zuck, Mark D. Milam, John M. Smagula, Edward J. Mclaughlin, Warren Hestrom, Mike Goltz, Jeff Risser, Amr A. Ismail, David E. Yarborough, Steven P. Skinner, Delmont C. Emerson

Wild Blueberry Research Reports

The 1982 edition of the Blueberry Progress Reports was prepared for the Maine Blueberry Commission and the University of Maine Blueberry Advisory Committee by researchers with the Maine Life Sciences and Agriculture Experiment Station and Maine Cooperative Extension Service at the University of Maine, Orono. Projects in this report include:

1. Introduction

2. Blueberry IPM Program

3. Guthion Drift Study

4. Control, Biology, and Ecology of Insects

5. Blueberry Diseases: Incidence and Control

6. Physiology and Culture of the Lowbush Blueberry

7. Weed Control in Lowbush Blueberries

8. Pruning Blueberries

Soil Science Research Report- 1983

Soil Science Research Reports

Corn Experiments

Residual Effects of Nitrification Inhibitor for Irrigated Corn ........... Section 1

High Yield Corn-Soybeans-Wheat Rotation Study ........... Section 2

Influence of Interseeded Alfalfa or Rye in Irrigated Corn Production ........... Section 3

Maximizing Fertilizer N and Water Use Efficiency on Irrigated and Rainfed Corn ........... Section 4

Placement of N and P Fertilizers for Minimum Till corn under Sprinkler Irrigation ........... Section 5

Wheat Experiments

Increasing Fertilizer P and N Efficiency on Winter Wheat and Corn ........... Section 6

Phosphorus Rate and Method of Application on Winter Wheat in Southeast Nebraska ........... Section 7

Soybean Experiments

Lime-Induced Chlorosis …

Foliar Diseases Of Wheat, A. G. P. Brown

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Leaf disease in the wheatbelt. Wheat leaf diseases were common north of Perth. They were severe in the Moora district and catastrophic in the northern wheatbelt. Yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and glume blotch (Septoria nodorum) were the major pathogens in most areas with yellow spot exceeding glume blotch in area of leaf affected for the first time since surveys began in 1971. In the south dry conditions prevailed and diseases were hard to find. Figure 1 gives the distribution in the various zones for 1983 excluding the Esperance district which was not surveyed. Stress damage induced mostly by water stress …

Oilseed Agronomy, A G. Mckay

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Seeding rates for Wesbrook 83MT56 Interstate rapeseed variety testing 83MT47 Fusilade on rapeseed 83MT57 Triazine resistant rapeseed 83MT55 Rapeseed windrowing - time of harvest 83MA9

Molybdenum Nutrition, M M. Riley

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Field Trials 1. Molybdenum and Ammonium sulphate on wheat - 81N040. 2. Foliar applications of Molybdenum on wheat - 83TS4. 3. Foliar applications of Molybdenum on wheat - 83ME7. 4. Residual value of Molybdenum on an acid soil. 81M2. Residual value of Molybdenum on an acid soil - 81LG12. 6. Residual value of Molybdenum on an acid soil - 83ME82. 7. Molybdenum responses in wheat and lupins - 83ME10. Glasshouse Trials; 1. The response of wheat to Molybdenum on eleven acid sandy soils - 83GL1. 2. Leaching of Molybdenum - 83GL2.

Sulphur Nutrition Of Pastures. Potassium Nutrition Of High Rainfall Pastures On Deep Sands, J S. Yeates, M F. Clarke

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

A. Sulphur - High Rainfall – 80AL1, 80AL4 (1980), 80AL4 B (established 1983). Sulphur rundown on heavy soils - 80BY1. Sources, rates, time of application of sulphur to pastures - 80AL1, 80AL4, 80AL4B. Sources, rates, time of application of sulphur to legume pastures – 80AL1, 80AL4, 80AL4B. Sulphur nutrition of pastures. 83PE36. B. Sulphur - Low Rainfall – 82AL9, 80JE16/17 82KA4. Sulphur on pastures - 80JE16/17, 82AL9, 82KA4. Sulphur on absorbing soils receiving no current S input – 80BY1. C. Potassium. Sources, rates, time of application of potassium on high rainfall deep sand pastures - 80AL3, 80AL6.

Evaluation Of Yield And Quality Components Of Lolium X Festuca Hybrids, An, G.S. Speer, D.W. Allinson, W.W. Washko

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Summary Of Experimental Results 1982/83., J. Hamblin

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

82C22, 82C23 Wheat Production Trials, 82C24 Nitrogen flows from different legume species and varieties, 82C10 Lupins under sown with Harbinger, 82Cl9 The effect of Simazine on Harbinger Medic, 82C21 Pea variety trial, 82C23 The effect of green manuring on wheat yields.

1. Clover Scorch Screening, 2. Bluegreen Aphid Screening, 3. Root Rot Screening, 4. Medicago Murex, 5. Clover Establishment Techniques, 6. Salinity Effects On Irrigation Pastures, 7. Moisture Usage And Seed Production In Subterranean Clover., D. J. Gillespie

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Clover scorch screening, Bluegreen aphid screening, Root rot screening, Medicago murex, Clover establishment techniques, Salinity effects on irrigation pastures, Moisture usage and seed production in subterranean clover.

Studies On The Effects Of Nutrition And Tillage Systems On Cereal Root Diseases, R F. Brennan

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Split Applications of Nitrogen and Take-all 83ES33. 2. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates and Take-all 83ES41. 3. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates and Take-all 83ES42. 4. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rates and Take-all 83ES43. 5. Micronutrients (Cu, Zn) and Take-all 83ES39. 6. Micronutrients (Cu, Zn) and Take-all 83ES40. 7. Cu Residual on Wheat and Take-all 67E8. 8. Cu Residual on Wheat and Take-all 67E9. 9. Effects of Sources of Nitrogen on Take-all 77E4. 10. Root Rot Survey: West of Gibson. 11. Root Rot Survey: East of Gibson.

Seed Ecology Of Weeds. Calotropis/Buffel Grass Interactions, A H. Cheam

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Emergence of weed seedlings from different soil depths. 82MT49 Mt Barker Research Station. 83MT4 Mt Barker Research Station. 82NR12 Northam Research Station. 83NR2 Northam Research Station. 82C37 Chapman Research Station. 83C3 Chapman Research Station. 2. Longevity of buried weed seeds. 82MT50 Mt Barker Research Station. 83MT5 Mt Barker Research Station. 82NR13 Northam Research Station. 83NR3 Northam Research Station. 82C38 Chapman Research Station. 83C4 Chapman Research Station. 3. Emergence of weed seedlings in relation to soil type and cultivation 82PE32 South Perth. 4. Changes in the number of viable dock seeds in soil under different soil surface treatments 83V2 Vasse …

Phosphorus Nutrition Of High Rainfall Pastures - Peel Harvey Estuarine System Study (Phase Ii) And Related Phosphorus Work, D M. Deeley, J S. Yeates, B. Barker, M F. Clarke

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

A. Sources, rates, time of application of phosphorus on high rainfall pastures. 80AL2, 80AL5, 81AL5, 81AL6, 81KE2, 81MA4, 82AL10, 82HA31, 82HA32, 83HA26, 83HA27. B. Soil test calibration curve trials on Bassendean sands. 82HA20, 82HA21, 82HA22, 82HA23, 82HA24, 82HA25, 82HA26, 82HA27, 82HA28, 82HA29, 82HA30. C. Soil test calibration curve trials on Coolup sands. 83HA20, 83HA21, 83HA22, 83HA23, 83HA24, 83HA25. D. Phosphorus rundown. 82HA14, 82HA15, 82HA16, 82HA18. NOTE: Summary is in two parts. 1. Peel Harvey catchment program (Deeley, Barker). 2. General program on high rainfall sandy soils (Yeates, Clarke). Summary of Experimental Work. General Aims. The work summarized here was commenced …

Low Rainfall Pasture Project, M. Ewing

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Variety Comparisons - rows and small plots. a). Rows 83M54, 83M55, 83M57 and 83ME86. b). Small plots 83M36, 83ME58 and 83ME59. 2. Variety Comparisons - large plots. a). Old sites - 82ME47-51, 82LG32, 82N31, 82TS32. b). New site - 82ME62. 3. Medic rhizobial trials - 83M43, 83M47, 83M46. 4. Pasture establishment trials - 83M37, 83TS40, 83WH39. 5. Lupin - wheat rotation trials - 82ME52, 82ME53. 6. Pasture wheat rotation trials - 82N044, 82M47, 82WH39.

Water Use Of Wheatbelt Crop And Pasture Species, A Hamblin, D Miers, R Nulsen, M Perry, D Tennant

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Water use of wheatbelt crop and pasture species Location: 83WH29 - Wongan Hills Research Station, Wongan Hills Abstract. A comprehensive experiment to investigate the productivity and water use of important wheatbelt crop and pasture species was undertaken in 1983. The experiment has provided important information on potential crop and pasture productivity and the role of alternate crop and pasture species in managing groundwater recharge and the development of secondary salinity. Contents 1. Background and industry significance 2. Aims of the experiment 3. Personnel 4. Site characterisation 5. Experimental detail 6. Results i) Meterological data ii) Dry matter, leaf area and …

Ryegrass, Barley, Wildoats, Isoproturon, Kerb, Glean, Silver Grass, Brome Trials, Hoegrass, J. E. Holmes, R L. Thomas

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1983 Summary – trials reported. 83ME48 - Ryegrass - Glean and Hoegrass 83ME68 A&B - Barley Grass - Glean, Bladex 83ME69 - Brome Grass - Herbicides 83ME70 - Barley Grass - Mixtures 83ME71 - Wildoats Herbicides 83ME72 - Timing Spraying Ryegrass 83ME73 - Isoproturon - Barley Grass 82BA46 - Kerb Residues 82N40 - Kerb Residues 83N38 - Glean on Oats 83N39 - Efficiency of SSH on Barley Grass 83N40 - Barley Grass Effect on Crop Density 83N41 - Silver Grass Competition 83N42 - Brome Control by SSH 0800 Affected by crop Density 83N43 - Silver Grass Herbicides 83N50 - Hoegrass …

Barley Foliage Diseases, T N. Khan, K. Brain, M Judges

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

General comments and highlights

Scald: Effect of time of application - 83BA10, 83MT9.

Scald: Effect of rate of fungicide – 83BA11.

Scald: Comparing fungicides – 83BA42.

Scald: Effect of seeding rate – 83BA12, 83MT10.

Scald: Response to fungicide in farmer's field – 83AL18, 83AL81, 83AL82.

Scald: Variation in pathogenicity – 83AB11, 83BA13, 83MT11, 83WH7.

Scald: Cultivar x fungicide in farmer's field – 83LG63.

Net Blotch: Potential yield losses – 83A15, 83BA15, 83WH6.

Net Blotch: Screening new fungicides – 83BA43.

Spot-type net blotch: Potential yield losses – 83C5.

Spot-type net blotch: Sources of resistance - Chapman Research Station, Nabawa.

Powdery mildew …

Nitrogenous Fertiliser Requirements In Different Cropping Rotations, M G. Mason, I C. Rowland

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Nitrogen requirement of wheat after clover, lupins and cereal – 78C1, 80BA3. Nitrogen requirement of barley after clover, lupins and non legume crop – 78E3. Nitrogen fertiliser requirements in a lupin-wheat rotation – 81LG29. Nitrogen fertiliser requirement in alternate crop-pasture rotation – 78BA1, 78WH2. Yield response of wheat to lupin nitrogen – 83LG66.

Pasture Species Investigations - High Rainfall Area, D A. Nicholas

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Screening of alternatives to cv. Woogenellup clover: 80BR18 - Mayanup, 81NA37 - N. Bannister, 81PE6 - Byford, 82NA36 - West Wandering, 83AL48 - Takalarup. Screening of mid to late maturing lines of subterranean clover: 83MA7 - Wilgarup, 83AL49 - Hazelvale, 83BU22 - Bramley. Screening of early to mid season maturing lines of subterranean clover: 83NA35 - W. Wandering, 83M039 - Lancelin, 83MT38 - "Manurup Valley", M.B.R.S., 83Vl - Vasse R.S.

Ecology Of Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla Juncea) In Wa. Population Studies On Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium)., F D. Panetta

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The ecology of skeleton weed - Cunderdin, Tammin, Narembeen (2 sites), Chapman valley, Eradu, East Badgingarra, Moorine Rock. Fate of buried seeds: Chapman, Merredin, Esperance Research stations. Population studies on pennyroyal: Seed production - Denmark, Mount Barker, Frankland. Sizes of seed banks of pennyroyal in pasture and ruderal situations – Denmark, West Denmark, Karri Heights, Narrikup (1), Frankland River. Ruderal populations – Mt Barker (1), Frankland, William bay, East Denmark, Narrikup (2), Denbarker, Mt Barker (2). Seedling emergence and survival – Denmark, Mt Barker, Frankland. Genetic differences between populations.