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Articles 31 - 45 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Toxicology
Mechanisms Of Arsenic Detoxification And Resistance, Jitesh Kannan Pillai
Mechanisms Of Arsenic Detoxification And Resistance, Jitesh Kannan Pillai
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental toxic substance. As a consequence of continual exposure to arsenic, nearly every organism, from Escherichia coli to humans have evolved arsenic detoxification pathways. One of the pathways is extrusion of arsenic from inside the cells, thereby conferring resistance. The R773 arsRDABC operon in E. coli encodes an ArsAB efflux pump that confers resistance to arsenite. ArsA is the catalytic subunit of the pump, while ArsB forms the oxyanion conducting pathway. ArsD is an arsenite metallochaperone that binds arsenite and transfers it to ArsA. The interaction of ArsA and ArsD allows for resistance to As(III) at …
Comprehensive Forensic Toxicological Analysis Of Designer Drugs, Madeleine Jean Swortwood
Comprehensive Forensic Toxicological Analysis Of Designer Drugs, Madeleine Jean Swortwood
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
New designer drugs are constantly emerging onto the illicit drug market and it is often difficult to validate and maintain comprehensive analytical methods for accurate detection of these compounds. Generally, toxicology laboratories utilize a screening method, such as immunoassay, for the presumptive identification of drugs of abuse. When a positive result occurs, confirmatory methods, such as gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), are required for more sensitive and specific analyses. In recent years, the need to study the activities of these compounds in screening assays as well as to develop confirmatory techniques to detect …
Toxicity Of Cdse Nanoparticles In Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Lin Wang, Dattatri K. Nagesha, Selvapraba Selvarasah, Mehmet R. Dokmeci, Rebecca L. Carrier
Toxicity Of Cdse Nanoparticles In Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Lin Wang, Dattatri K. Nagesha, Selvapraba Selvarasah, Mehmet R. Dokmeci, Rebecca L. Carrier
Dattatri K. Nagesha
BackgroundPotential routes of nanomaterial exposure include inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion. Toxicology of inhalation of ultra-fine particles has been extensively studied; however, risks of nanomaterial exposure via ingestion are currently almost unknown. Using enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells as a small intestine epithelial model, the possible toxicity of CdSe quantum dot (QD) exposure via ingestion was investigated. Effect of simulated gastric fluid treatment on CdSe QD cytotoxicity was also studied. ResultsCommercially available CdSe QDs, which have a ZnS shell and poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) coating, and in-house prepared surfactant coated CdSe QDs were dosed to Caco-2 cells. Cell viability and attachment were studied …
Toxicity Of Cdse Nanoparticles In Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Lin Wang, Dattatri K. Nagesha, Selvapraba Selvarasah, Mehmet R. Dokmeci, Rebecca L. Carrier
Toxicity Of Cdse Nanoparticles In Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Lin Wang, Dattatri K. Nagesha, Selvapraba Selvarasah, Mehmet R. Dokmeci, Rebecca L. Carrier
Rebecca L. Carrier
BackgroundPotential routes of nanomaterial exposure include inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion. Toxicology of inhalation of ultra-fine particles has been extensively studied; however, risks of nanomaterial exposure via ingestion are currently almost unknown. Using enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells as a small intestine epithelial model, the possible toxicity of CdSe quantum dot (QD) exposure via ingestion was investigated. Effect of simulated gastric fluid treatment on CdSe QD cytotoxicity was also studied. ResultsCommercially available CdSe QDs, which have a ZnS shell and poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) coating, and in-house prepared surfactant coated CdSe QDs were dosed to Caco-2 cells. Cell viability and attachment were studied …
Toxicity Of Cdse Nanoparticles In Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Lin Wang, Dattatri Nagesha, Selvapraba Selvarasah, Mehmet Dokmeci, Rebecca Carrier
Toxicity Of Cdse Nanoparticles In Caco-2 Cell Cultures, Lin Wang, Dattatri Nagesha, Selvapraba Selvarasah, Mehmet Dokmeci, Rebecca Carrier
Mehmet R. Dokmeci
Background
Potential routes of nanomaterial exposure include inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion. Toxicology of inhalation of ultra-fine particles has been extensively studied; however, risks of nanomaterial exposure via ingestion are currently almost unknown. Using enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells as a small intestine epithelial model, the possible toxicity of CdSe quantum dot (QD) exposure via ingestion was investigated. Effect of simulated gastric fluid treatment on CdSe QD cytotoxicity was also studied.
Results
Commercially available CdSe QDs, which have a ZnS shell and poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) coating, and in-house prepared surfactant coated CdSe QDs were dosed to Caco-2 cells. Cell viability and attachment …
Causes, Extent, And Consequences Of Lead-Pellet Ingestion By Chukars (Alectoris Chukar) In Western Utah: Examining Habitat, Search Images, And Toxicology, R. Justin Bingham
Causes, Extent, And Consequences Of Lead-Pellet Ingestion By Chukars (Alectoris Chukar) In Western Utah: Examining Habitat, Search Images, And Toxicology, R. Justin Bingham
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Lead ingestion adversely affects humans and over 130 species of wildlife. Wild chukars (Alectoris chukar) are documented to ingest lead, but the causes and consequences of this ingestion are poorly understood. The objectives of this research were to 1) examine the influence of habitat use, the hunting season, and seasonal climate on the extent and severity of lead ingestion by chukars in western Utah, 2) assess the effects of habitat use, feeding behaviors, and lead density on the causes of lead-pellet ingestion in captive and wild chukars, and 3) investigate the consequences of lead-pellet ingestion in captive chukars as a …
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning: A Case Report, Shela Akbar Ali Hirani, Arshalooz Rahman
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning: A Case Report, Shela Akbar Ali Hirani, Arshalooz Rahman
School of Nursing & Midwifery
This paper reports the case of a family in which three children were presented at Emergency Room (ER) with poisoning after the use of a pesticide at home. Initially, the cases were managed as routine cases of organophosphorus poisoning; however, the death of two children made the health team members realise that the poison's effects were delayed and devastating. Later, the compound was identified as Aluminium Phosphide (ALP), and the life of the last surviving child in the family was saved.
In Vitro Assessment Of The Toxicity Of Cocaine And Its Metabolites In The Human Umbilical Artery, Tessa L. Long
In Vitro Assessment Of The Toxicity Of Cocaine And Its Metabolites In The Human Umbilical Artery, Tessa L. Long
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An in vitro model was used to assess the effect of cocaine and its metabolites on the umbilical artery. Objectives were to pharmacologically confirm the presence of adrenergic innervation using tyramine, evaluate the ability of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine and cocaethylene to potentiate vasoconstriction by serotonin and norepinephrine, examine the ability of ketanserin to block the enhanced vasoconstriction produced by cocaine, and determine displacement of 3 H-ketanserin by serotonin, norepinephrine, tyramine and mianserin. The vasoconstrictive effect of tyramine (100 μM) was enhanced in the presence of cocaine by 257%. Vasoconstrictive effects of serotonin and norepinephrine were significantly enhanced by cocaine by …
Toxin Producing Phytoplankton In Chesapeake Bay, Harold G. Marshall
Toxin Producing Phytoplankton In Chesapeake Bay, Harold G. Marshall
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Three diatoms and nine dinoflagellates, known to be associated with toxin production, have been identified within Chesapeake Bay. Over the past several decades this number has increased to its present level so that they now represent approximately 1.7% the total number of phytoplankton species reported for the Bay.
Indomethacin Reduces Splenic Red Pulp Macrophage Populations In Female New Zealand White Rabbits, Thane S. Thurmond
Indomethacin Reduces Splenic Red Pulp Macrophage Populations In Female New Zealand White Rabbits, Thane S. Thurmond
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In an effort to elucidate the mechanism by which indomethacin (IN) attenuates the stimulatory effect of estradiol (E$\sb2$) on rabbit splenic red pulp macrophages (RPM), thirty-nine female New Zealand White rabbits were divided into 10 groups: ovariectomized (OVX), OVX/IN at 0.1 and 5.0 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day; sham OVX (SOVX), SOVX/IN at 0.1 and 5.0 mg/kg bw/day; OVX/25 mg E2, OVX/25 mg E$\sb2$/IN at 0.1 and 5.0 mg/kg bw/day; intact Control. Quantitative changes in RPM population in response to the treatments were measured using a 0 to 4 histologic grading scale. Estradiol treatment resulted in increased RPM grade when compared …
The Effect Of Trimethyltin On The Cholinergic System Of The Rat Hippocampus, Richard L. Cannon
The Effect Of Trimethyltin On The Cholinergic System Of The Rat Hippocampus, Richard L. Cannon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxin occurring in the environment. Exposure to (TMT) is known to destroy specific neuronal components of the hippocampus in the rat and to cause clinical symptoms in exposed humans, including mnemonic deficits, that indicate hippocampal involvement. In addition to hippocampal cell loss TMT causes significant increases in cholinergic markers such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stain density and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the hippocampus of rats. However, despite these observations the effect of TMT on hippocampal cholinergic system has not been investigated in detail. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate more fully the consequences …
Nitrogen Dioxide Reaction With Proteins: Evidence For Peptide Bond Cleavage At Lysine Residues, Darryl B. Hood
Nitrogen Dioxide Reaction With Proteins: Evidence For Peptide Bond Cleavage At Lysine Residues, Darryl B. Hood
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nitrogen dioxide (NO$\sb2$), an air pollutant produced by burning fossil fuels and a component of cigarette smoke, is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema. To gain information on the mechanism by which NO$\sb2$ damages the lung, in vitro exposures of $\alpha\sb1$-proteinase inhibitor ($\alpha\sb1$-PI), elastin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and synthetic poly-L-lysine were performed. A genetic deficiency of $\alpha\sb1$-PI predisposes humans to emphysema and NO$\sb2$ has been hypothesized to damage $\alpha\sb1$-PI, which would leave proteases such as human neutrophil elastase, (HNE) free to attack lung structural proteins. The ability of $\alpha\sb1$-PI …
Policy For Identifying And Assessing The Health Risks Of Toxic Substances, Maine Bureau Of Health
Policy For Identifying And Assessing The Health Risks Of Toxic Substances, Maine Bureau Of Health
Maine Collection
Policy for Identifying and Assessing the Health Risks of Toxic Substances
by Norman T. Anderson, Environmental Toxicology Program, Division of Disease Control, Bureau of Health (February, 1988).
Contents: Section I: Introduction / Section II: Methods / Section III: Exposure Assessment / Section IV: Hazard Identification / Section V: Hazard Assessment / Section VI: Risk Characterization / List of Figures / List of Tables
Brisket Disease: Elemental And Oxalate Contents Of Cattle Forages On Two Utah Cattle Allotments, Raga Hafez I. Abaza
Brisket Disease: Elemental And Oxalate Contents Of Cattle Forages On Two Utah Cattle Allotments, Raga Hafez I. Abaza
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
It was hypothesized that the hypocalcemia, hyperphosphoremia, hyperkalemia and the mild hypochromic microcytic anemia which existed in cattle afflicted with brisket disease could be due, at least in part, to nutritional disturbances. A chemical composition study was made of seven monocotyledonous plant species that comprise a major part of the diet and nine dicotyledonous plant species consumed by cattle and known or suspected of being poisonous. The plants analyzed were collected from two cattle grazing allotments, 7-mile and UM, in the Fishlake District, Fishlake National Forest, Utah, where brisket disease incidence is high. In each species the percentages on dry …
The Water Supply Of Minneapolis, James A. Dodge, C. L. Herrick, C. W. Hall
The Water Supply Of Minneapolis, James A. Dodge, C. L. Herrick, C. W. Hall
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
No abstract provided.