Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

SelectedWorks

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
File Type

Articles 1 - 13 of 13

Full-Text Articles in Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Geographic Segregation And Evidence Of Density-Dependent Changes In Sex Ratios In An Abundant Colonial Waterbird, Brian S. Dorr, Katie C. Hanson-Dorr, Travis L. Devault, Alban Guillaumet, Scott C. Barras Dec 2014

Geographic Segregation And Evidence Of Density-Dependent Changes In Sex Ratios In An Abundant Colonial Waterbird, Brian S. Dorr, Katie C. Hanson-Dorr, Travis L. Devault, Alban Guillaumet, Scott C. Barras

Brian S Dorr

Demographic information, such as geographic segregation of sexes and sex ratio data, is needed to develop, model and evaluate conservation and management strategies for wildlife. A variety of physiological, behavioral and environmental factors can influence segregation of sexes and sex ratios, many of which originate with density- dependent processes. Departure from 50:50 sex ratios of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) collected during control efforts in breeding and wintering areas across their eastern range of the USA were evaluated using using a Z-test as well as Stouffer’s weighted Z-tests. In addition, a specifically-designed randomization test was used to evaluate density-dependent effects on …

Go to article

Effects Of Prey Abundance On Breeding Season Diet Of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter Gentilis) Within An Unusual Prey Landscape, Robert A. Miller, Jay D. Carlisle, Marc J. Bechard Mar 2014

Effects Of Prey Abundance On Breeding Season Diet Of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter Gentilis) Within An Unusual Prey Landscape, Robert A. Miller, Jay D. Carlisle, Marc J. Bechard

Robert Miller

A critical element of diet analysis is species adaptability to alternative prey sources. The breeding season diet of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) includes both mammalian and avian species, varies geographically, and is often dependent upon tree squirrels of the genera Sciurus and Tamiasciurus>/i>. We studied alternative prey sources of Northern Goshawks in the South Hills of south-central Idaho, an area where tree squirrels are naturally absent and other prey frequently important in the diet of goshawks, such as smaller corvids, are uncommon. We quantified the diet of goshawks using nest cameras and surveyed abundance of prey using line …

Go to article

Avian Influenza Virus Prevalence In Migratory Waterfowl In The United States, 2007-2009, Scott R. Groepper Mr., Thomas Deliberto, Mark Vrtiska, Kerri Pedersen, Seth Swafford, Scott Hyngstrom Jan 2014

Avian Influenza Virus Prevalence In Migratory Waterfowl In The United States, 2007-2009, Scott R. Groepper Mr., Thomas Deliberto, Mark Vrtiska, Kerri Pedersen, Seth Swafford, Scott Hyngstrom

Scott R Groepper

SUMMARY. We analyzed 155,535 samples collected for surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), in the United States from 2007 to 2009, from migratory waterfowl (ducks, geese, and swans). The goal was to elucidate patterns of prevalence by flyway and functional groups to determine targets for future surveillance. Apparent prevalence of AIV was highest in the Pacific Flyway in 2007–2008 (14.2% and 14.1%, respectively), in the Mississippi Flyway in 2009 (16.8%), and lowest each year in the Atlantic Flyway (range, 7.3%–8.9%). Dabbling ducks had higher apparent prevalence of AIV (12.8%–18.8%) than diving ducks (3.9%–6.0%) or geese and swans (3.6%–3.9%). We observed …

Go to article

Effects Of Disturbance And Climate Change On Ecosystem Performance In The Yukon River Basin Boreal Forest, Bruce K. Wylie, Matthew Rigge, Brian Brisco, Kevin Murnaghan, Jennifer A. Rover Jan 2014

Effects Of Disturbance And Climate Change On Ecosystem Performance In The Yukon River Basin Boreal Forest, Bruce K. Wylie, Matthew Rigge, Brian Brisco, Kevin Murnaghan, Jennifer A. Rover

Bruce K. Wylie

A warming climate influences boreal forest productivity, dynamics, and disturbance regimes. We used ecosystem models and 250 m satellite Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data averaged over the growing season (GSN) to model current, and estimate future, ecosystem performance. We modeled Expected Ecosystem Performance (EEP), or anticipated productivity, in undisturbed stands over the 2000–2008 period from a variety of abiotic data sources, using a rule-based piecewise regression tree. The EEP model was applied to a future climate ensemble A1B projection to quantify expected changes to mature boreal forest performance. Ecosystem Performance Anomalies (EPA), were identified as the residuals of the …

Go to article

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis And Ecosystem Processes: Prospects For Future Research In Tropical Soils, Geofrey Soka, Mark Ritchie Jan 2014

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis And Ecosystem Processes: Prospects For Future Research In Tropical Soils, Geofrey Soka, Mark Ritchie

Geofrey Soka

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Water Stress Strengthens Mutualism Among Ants, Trees, And Scale Insects, Elizabeth G. Pringle, Erol Akc¸Ay, Ted K. Raab, Rodolfo Dirzo, Deborah M. Gordon Nov 2013

Water Stress Strengthens Mutualism Among Ants, Trees, And Scale Insects, Elizabeth G. Pringle, Erol Akc¸Ay, Ted K. Raab, Rodolfo Dirzo, Deborah M. Gordon

Ted K. Raab

Abiotic environmental variables strongly affect the outcomes of species interactions. For example, mutualistic interactions between species are often stronger when resources are limited. The effect might be indirect: water stress on plants can lead to carbon stress, which could alter carbon-mediated plant mutualisms. In mutualistic ant–plant symbioses, plants host ant colonies that defend them against herbivores. Here we show that the partners’ investments in a widespread ant–plant symbiosis increase with water stress across 26 sites along a Mesoamerican precipitation gradient. At lower precipitation levels, Cordia alliodora trees invest more carbon in Azteca ants via phloem-feeding scale insects that provide the …

Go to article

Real And Perceived Damage By Wild Turkeys: A Literature Review, Scott R. Groepper, Scott E. Hygnstrom Dr, Brandon Houck, Stephen M. Vantassel Jan 2013

Real And Perceived Damage By Wild Turkeys: A Literature Review, Scott R. Groepper, Scott E. Hygnstrom Dr, Brandon Houck, Stephen M. Vantassel

Scott R Groepper

As populations of wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) have increased, the number of complaints about damage has increased. We conducted a literature review to determine real and perceived damage caused by wild turkeys in North America. Wild turkeys can cause damage to agricultural crops, such as corn (Zea mays L.), soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merrill), wheat, and hay crops but the majority of actual damage is usually minor or caused by other wildlife, thus estimates of damage by wild turkeys often are inflated. Occasionally, wild turkeys damage specialty crops, turfgrass, or ornamental flowers that may have higher value than common agricultural …

Go to article

Rebound In Us Productive Sectors, Harry D. Saunders Jun 2011

Rebound In Us Productive Sectors, Harry D. Saunders

Harry D. Saunders

This presentation describes rebound measurements in the US economy, the dominance of "embedded energy" (production-side energy use), and the economic costs of polices to mitigate rebound effects.

Go to article

An Income-Based Analysis Of Historical Us Energy Consumption, Harry D. Saunders Apr 2011

An Income-Based Analysis Of Historical Us Energy Consumption, Harry D. Saunders

Harry D. Saunders

This paper introduces a new decomposition of energy consumption to reveal the effects of consumer income levels on energy use. It concludes that the great bulk of energy consumption in the US is embedded in goods and services purchased by consumers and that this component of energy demand is growing more rapidly than direct use of energy by households owing to the preferences of high-income consumers. Significantly, this embedded component of energy demand has historically experienced large rebound magnitudes. The analysis also concludes that energy consumption is driven by more than just income level, with the lowest-income consumers using more …

Go to article

Non-Senescence In Neoclassical Growth Theory, Harry D. Saunders May 2010

Non-Senescence In Neoclassical Growth Theory, Harry D. Saunders

Harry D. Saunders

This presentation describes research showing that non-senescent genotypes can dominate senescent ones under certain evolutionary conditions.

Go to article

Games Played By Predators And Prey, Amos Bouskila Jan 2010

Games Played By Predators And Prey, Amos Bouskila

Amos Bouskila

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Hamadryas Visual Identification Guide, David W. Markman Jan 2009

Hamadryas Visual Identification Guide, David W. Markman

David W Markman

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence For An Extracellular Cu Zn Superoxide Dismutase Gene In Insects, Joel D. Parker Jan 2004

Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence For An Extracellular Cu Zn Superoxide Dismutase Gene In Insects, Joel D. Parker

Joel D Parker

Representatives of three ancient gene families of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) can be found in most metazoans. In mammals and Caenorhabditis elegans , there is at least one gene each of the cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and extracellular lineages of SOD genes. The cytoplasmic SOD was one of the first enzymes to be implicated in ageing due to its protection against damaging oxygen free radicals. In contrast to other metazoans, insects were thought to lack a gene for the extracellular SOD. We have cloned and sequenced an SOD mRNA in the ant Lasius niger that appears to belong to this …

Go to article