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Articles 1 - 30 of 103
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Ua94/6/18 Stephen Flora Student / Alumni Papers, Wku Archives
Ua94/6/18 Stephen Flora Student / Alumni Papers, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Records created by and about Stephen Flora during his years as a student at Western Kentucky University.
Bibliography, Bruce A. Schulte
Bibliography, Bruce A. Schulte
Faculty/Staff Personal Papers
Bibliography of publications by Bruce Schulte.
Ua84 Sigma Chi, Wku Archives
Ua84 Sigma Chi, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Records created by and about the WKU chapter of Sigma Xi.
Ua66/6/1 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Administration, Wku Archives
Ua66/6/1 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Administration, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Records created by and about the administration of the Biology Department.
Ua66/6/3/1 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Student Organizations Alpha Epsilon Delta, Wku Archives
Ua66/6/3/1 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Student Organizations Alpha Epsilon Delta, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Records by and about Alpha Epsilon Delta.
Ua66/6/3/2 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Student Organizations Biology Club, Wku Archives
Ua66/6/3/2 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Student Organizations Biology Club, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Records created by and about the Biology Club.
Ua66/6/3/3 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Student Organizations Beta Beta Beta, Wku Archives
Ua66/6/3/3 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Student Organizations Beta Beta Beta, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Records created by and about the Beta Beta Beta Club.
Ua66/6/2 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Publications, Wku Archives
Ua66/6/2 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Biology Publications, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Publications created by and about Biology.
Examination Of Enrichment Using Space And Food For African Elephants At The Sdzsp, Charlotte Hacker, Lance Miller, Bruce A. Schulte
Examination Of Enrichment Using Space And Food For African Elephants At The Sdzsp, Charlotte Hacker, Lance Miller, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
Concern for elephant welfare in zoological facilities has prompted a number of exhibit and management modifications, including those involving enrichment. Knowledge of how these changes impact indicators of welfare, such as elephant movement and behaviour, is crucial for continued improvement of elephant husbandry and care. The present study used observations and GPS-collected data to determine the effects of available space and food presentation on the walking distance and behaviour of thirteen African elephants (Loxodonta africana), which had a dominance structure ascertained by animal care staff at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park (SDZSP). This facility has two exhibits of approximately …
Patch-Occupancy Survey Of Elephant (Loxodonta Africana) Surrounding Livingstone, Zambia, David Youldon, Jackie Abell, Joanne Briffitt, Bruce A. Schulte
Patch-Occupancy Survey Of Elephant (Loxodonta Africana) Surrounding Livingstone, Zambia, David Youldon, Jackie Abell, Joanne Briffitt, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
Wild elephants represent the biggest human–wildlife conflict issue in Livingstone, Zambia. However, little is known about their movements. This survey investigated elephants’ habitat use outside a core protected and fenced zone that forms part of Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park, Zambia. Using ‘patch-occupancy’ methodology, indications of elephant presence (feeding behaviour, dung and tracks) were surveyed. The survey aimed to assist proposed future monitoring exercises by defining the geographical extent that should be considered to improve accuracy in species abundance estimates. Results were supplemented using collected indications of elephant presence from prior monitoring exercises, and during this survey. Elephant presence was confirmed up …
A Spanner In The Works: Human–Elephant Conflict Complicates The Food–Water–Energy Nexus In Drylands Of Africa, Bruce Schulte, Mwangi Githiru, Urbanus Mutwiwa, Simon Kasaine
A Spanner In The Works: Human–Elephant Conflict Complicates The Food–Water–Energy Nexus In Drylands Of Africa, Bruce Schulte, Mwangi Githiru, Urbanus Mutwiwa, Simon Kasaine
Biology Faculty Publications
The two major conservation issues for drylands of Africa are habitat loss or degradation and habitat fragmentation, largely fromagriculture, charcoal production, and infrastructural development. A key question for management is how these landscapes can retain their critical ecological functions and services, while simultaneously supporting resilient livelihoods. It is a clear nexus question involving food (agriculture), water, and energy (fuelwood), which is complicated by human–wildlife conflicts. While these could appear disparate issues, they are closely connected in dryland forest landscapes of Africa where elephants occur close to areas of human habitation. For instance, crop failure, whether due to weather or wildlife …
Wire Netting Reduces African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana) Impact To Selected Trees In South Africa, Kelly Derham, Michelle Henley, Bruce A. Schulte
Wire Netting Reduces African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana) Impact To Selected Trees In South Africa, Kelly Derham, Michelle Henley, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
African elephants (Loxodonta africana) are ecosystem engineers in that they substantially alter the environment through their unique foraging and feeding habits. At high densities, elephants potentially have negative impacts on the environment, specifically for large trees. Because of this, recent increases of elephants in the Associated Private Nature Reserves (APNR) on the western boundary of the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, have caused concern regarding the survival of several tree species. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of wrapping protective wire netting around the trunk of the tree for preventing and reducing bark stripping, branch breaking, …
Habituation To Auditory Stimuli By Captive African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana), Sarah Elizabeth Goodyear, Bruce A. Schulte
Habituation To Auditory Stimuli By Captive African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana), Sarah Elizabeth Goodyear, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
Habituation is a major concern for the development of effective, long-term human-wildlife conflict mitigation and zoo enrichment programs. Elephants are cognitive species that exhibit many types of learning, such as associative, social, and insight learning. However, no study has examined the habituation process in elephants. Elephants possess a well-developed sensory system and may habituate to stimuli that could be used for enrichment and/or management. The aim of this study was to examine their habituation process in response to repeated presentations of two auditory stimuli: buzzing by a disturbed beehive and the sound created by banging on pots and pans, and …
Ua94/6/15 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Dorris Hutchinson, Wku Archives
Ua94/6/15 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Dorris Hutchinson, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Correspondence and publications created by and about the Dorris Hutchison during her time at Sloan-Kettering Institute.
Assessing Perceived And Documented Crop Damage In A Tanzanian Village Impacted By Human-Elephant Conflict (Hec), Rebekah R. Hoffmeier-Karimi, Bruce A. Schulte
Assessing Perceived And Documented Crop Damage In A Tanzanian Village Impacted By Human-Elephant Conflict (Hec), Rebekah R. Hoffmeier-Karimi, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
In sub-Saharan Africa human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a growing conservation issue and human-elephant conflict (HEC) is of special concern. Crop loss to wildlife comprises a main component of HWC. Deterrent methods for crop loss are numerous and such schemes could be more effective by an improved understanding of how farmers’ perceptions align with actual causes of crop loss. Our objective was to compare the perception by farmers of the causes and extent of crop damage to the measured crop damage in fields of maize (Zea mays) using different deterrent methods. We interviewed agriculturalists in the farming village of Miti Mirefu …
Impacts Of Environmental Pressures On The Reproductive Physiology Of Subpopulations Of Black Rhinoceros (Diceros Bicornis Bicornis) In Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa, Elizabeth Freeman, Jordana Meyer, Jed Bird, John Adendorff, Bruce A. Schulte, Rachel Santymire
Impacts Of Environmental Pressures On The Reproductive Physiology Of Subpopulations Of Black Rhinoceros (Diceros Bicornis Bicornis) In Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa, Elizabeth Freeman, Jordana Meyer, Jed Bird, John Adendorff, Bruce A. Schulte, Rachel Santymire
Biology Faculty Publications
Black rhinoceros are an icon for international conservation, yet little is known about their physiology due to their secretive nature. To overcome these challenges, non-invasive methods were used to monitor rhinoceros in two sections of Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa, namely Addo and Nyathi. These sections were separated by a public road, and the numbers of elephants, predators and tourists were higher in Addo. Faecal samples (n = 231) were collected (from July 2007 to November 2010) from known individuals and analysed for progestagen and androgen metabolite (FPM and FAM, respectively) concentrations. As biotic factors could impact reproduction, …
Ovarian Cycle Activity Varies With Respect To Age And Social Status In Free-Ranging Elephants In Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa, Elizabeth Freeman, Jordana Meyer, Sarah Putman, Bruce A. Schulte, Janine Brown
Ovarian Cycle Activity Varies With Respect To Age And Social Status In Free-Ranging Elephants In Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa, Elizabeth Freeman, Jordana Meyer, Sarah Putman, Bruce A. Schulte, Janine Brown
Biology Faculty Publications
Free-ranging African elephants live in a fission–fusion society, at the centre of which is the matriarch. Matriarchs are generally older females that guide their families to resources and co-ordinate group defense. While much is known about elephant society, knowledge is generally lacking about how age affects the physiology of wild elephants. Investigation of the ovarian activity of free-ranging elephants could provide insight into the reproductive ageing process, with implications for population management. Faecal samples were collected from 46 individuals ranging in age from 14 to 60 years for a 2-year period, and progestagen metabolite analyses were used to examine relationships …
Ua94/6/10 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Carl Ellis, Wku Archives
Ua94/6/10 Student / Alumni Personal Papers Wku Carl Ellis, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Collection Inventories
Scientific notebooks used by Carl Ellis during his years at WKU.
A Simplified Method For Monitoring Progestagens In African Elephants Under Field Conditions, Bruce A. Schulte, Elizaeth Freeman, F. Nicole Abbondanza, Jordana Meyer, Janine Brown
A Simplified Method For Monitoring Progestagens In African Elephants Under Field Conditions, Bruce A. Schulte, Elizaeth Freeman, F. Nicole Abbondanza, Jordana Meyer, Janine Brown
Biology Faculty Publications
Summary: 1. Hormone analyses are frequently used to support management of wildlife; however, current techniques are not very field-friendly. In situ hormone monitoring is often expensive, time consuming and logistically difficult. Thus, a new method for assessing ovarian cycle activity non-invasively in free-ranging African elephants was developed. 2. The technique involves handshaking faecal samples in common organic solvents, use of environmentally stable antibody-coated microtitre plates and assessment of progestagen concentrations based on a visual colour change. 3. Studies using ex situ African elephants determined that handshaking faeces in a solution of isopropyl alcohol was effective for extracting the faecal progestagens …
Elephants - A Conservation Overview, Heidi Riddle, Bruce A. Schulte, Ajay Desai, Laura Van Der Meer
Elephants - A Conservation Overview, Heidi Riddle, Bruce A. Schulte, Ajay Desai, Laura Van Der Meer
Biology Faculty Publications
Loss of habitat is one of the most significant problems facing elephants worldwide, leading to clashes over resources between wildlife and humans where elephants receive the largest part of blame – defined as Human Elephant Conflict (HEC). The sub-Saharan region of Africa contains an approximate population of 500,000 elephants that occupy 37 range countries. The African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) is categorized as Vulnerable in the Red List of Threatened Species; they are listed there as two distinct subspecies: the Savanna Elephant (L.a. africana) and the Forest Elephant (L. a. cyclotis). The Red List of …
Prospecting For Mammalian Chemical Signals Via Solventless Extraction Techniques: An Elephantine Task, Thomas Goodwin, Bruce A. Schulte
Prospecting For Mammalian Chemical Signals Via Solventless Extraction Techniques: An Elephantine Task, Thomas Goodwin, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
In contrast to a plethora of known insect pheromones, a paucity of mammalian pheromones has been identified, two of which have been in elephants (Albone, 1984; Brown and Macdonald, 1985; Wyatt, 2003; Burger, 2005). Elephants possess one of the world’s best chemosensory systems, due in no small measure to their prehensile trunk. The trunk is not only the gateway to smelling (primary olfaction), but also the means by which chemical signals are conveyed from their source to the openings of the vomeronasal organ ducts in the roof of the mouth (the flehmen response; secondary olfaction) (Rasmussen, 1999). The late L. …
Investigation Of A Fresh African Elephant Carcass By Conspecifics, Christen Merte, Katie Gough, Bruce A. Schulte
Investigation Of A Fresh African Elephant Carcass By Conspecifics, Christen Merte, Katie Gough, Bruce A. Schulte
Biology Faculty Publications
This examination of elephant bones and ivory indicates that elephants show an elevated level of interest in conspecifics over other dead animals. Elephants do not seem to express special interest in dead kin but rather they appear to have a generalized response to injured, dying and deceased conspecifics (Douglas Hamilton et al. 2006, McComb et al. 2006). The present study reports the behaviour of a group of elephants in response to a euthanized adult male elephant that suffered severe wounds inflicted by a conspecific male. Most of the observations from previous studies have been on females and female group members. …
Ua66 2007 Student Awards Ceremony, Wku Ogden College Of Science & Engineering
Ua66 2007 Student Awards Ceremony, Wku Ogden College Of Science & Engineering
WKU Archives Records
Program recognizing Ogden College students with brief list of activities for each student.
Ua1f Wku Archives Vertical File - White Squirrels, Wku Archives
Ua1f Wku Archives Vertical File - White Squirrels, Wku Archives
WKU Archives Records
Articles regarding the white squirrels that live on the WKU campus.
Ua3/9/5 Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (Crep), Wku President's Office
Ua3/9/5 Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (Crep), Wku President's Office
WKU Archives Records
Talking points used by WKU president Gary Ransdell regarding WKU's partnering with Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program.
Ua1b1/7 Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences Dedication, Western Kentucky University
Ua1b1/7 Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences Dedication, Western Kentucky University
WKU Archives Records
Program for the Complex for Engineering & Biological Sciences dedication, includes image of the building and floor plans.
Ua1b1/7 Groundbreaking For Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences, Wku Office Of Event Planning
Ua1b1/7 Groundbreaking For Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences, Wku Office Of Event Planning
WKU Archives Records
Program for the Complex for Engineering & Biological Science groundbreaking ceremony.
Ua1b1/7 Groundbreaking Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences, Western Kentucky University
Ua1b1/7 Groundbreaking Complex For Engineering & Biological Sciences, Western Kentucky University
WKU Archives Records
Invitation to the Complex for Engineering & Biological Sciences groundbreaking.
Ua66/6/3/1 Biennial Report, Kentucky Gamma, Alpha Epsilon Delta
Ua66/6/3/1 Biennial Report, Kentucky Gamma, Alpha Epsilon Delta
Student Organizations
Biennial report created by and about the Kentucky Gamma Chapter of Alpha Epsilon Delta premedical honor society sponsored by WKU Biology.
Ua66/6/3/1 Biennial Report, Kentucky Gamma, Alpha Epsilon Delta
Ua66/6/3/1 Biennial Report, Kentucky Gamma, Alpha Epsilon Delta
Student Organizations
Biennial report created by and about the Kentucky Gamma Chapter of Alpha Epsilon Delta premedical honor society sponsored by WKU Biology.