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Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™
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Articles 61 - 72 of 72
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Correction For Sandai Et Al., The Evolutionary Rewiring Of Ubiquitination Targets Has Reprogrammed The Regulation Of Carbon Assimilation In The Pathogenic Yeast Candida Albicans, Doblin Sandai, Zhikang Yin, Laura Selway, David Stead, Janet Walker, Michelle D. Leach, Iryna Bohovych, Iuliana V. Ene, Stavroula Kastora, Susan Budge, Carol A. Munro, Frank C. Odds, Neil A.R. Gow, Alistair J.P. Brown
Correction For Sandai Et Al., The Evolutionary Rewiring Of Ubiquitination Targets Has Reprogrammed The Regulation Of Carbon Assimilation In The Pathogenic Yeast Candida Albicans, Doblin Sandai, Zhikang Yin, Laura Selway, David Stead, Janet Walker, Michelle D. Leach, Iryna Bohovych, Iuliana V. Ene, Stavroula Kastora, Susan Budge, Carol A. Munro, Frank C. Odds, Neil A.R. Gow, Alistair J.P. Brown
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Some Of The Most Interesting Casp11 Targets Through The Eyes Of Their Authors, Andriy Kryshtafovych, John Moult, Arnaud Basle, Alex Burgin, Timonthy K. Craig, Robert A. Edwards, Deborah Fass, Marcus D. Hartmann, Mateusz Korycinski, Richard J. Lewis, Donald Lorimer, Andrei N. Lupas, Janet Newman, Thomas S. Peat, Kurt H. Piepenbrink, Janani Prahlad, Mark J. Van Raaij, Forest Rohwer, Anca M. Segall, Victor Seguritan, Eric J. Sundberg, Abhimanyu K. Singh, Mark A. Wilson, Torsten Schwede
Some Of The Most Interesting Casp11 Targets Through The Eyes Of Their Authors, Andriy Kryshtafovych, John Moult, Arnaud Basle, Alex Burgin, Timonthy K. Craig, Robert A. Edwards, Deborah Fass, Marcus D. Hartmann, Mateusz Korycinski, Richard J. Lewis, Donald Lorimer, Andrei N. Lupas, Janet Newman, Thomas S. Peat, Kurt H. Piepenbrink, Janani Prahlad, Mark J. Van Raaij, Forest Rohwer, Anca M. Segall, Victor Seguritan, Eric J. Sundberg, Abhimanyu K. Singh, Mark A. Wilson, Torsten Schwede
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
The Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP) experiment would not have been possible without the prediction targets provided by the experimental structural biology community. In this article, selected crystallographers providing targets for the CASP11 experiment discuss the functional and biological significance of the target proteins, highlight their most interesting structural features, and assess whether these features were correctly reproduced in the predictions submitted to CASP11.
Advances In Hyaluronan Biology: Signaling, Regulation, And Disease Mechanisms, Melanie A. Simpson, Carol De La Motte, Larry S. Sherman, Paul H. Weigel
Advances In Hyaluronan Biology: Signaling, Regulation, And Disease Mechanisms, Melanie A. Simpson, Carol De La Motte, Larry S. Sherman, Paul H. Weigel
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Hyaluronan is an extracellular glycosaminoglycan polymer consisting of linear disaccharide units containing alternating glucuronate and N-acetylglucosamine.Many cell types make hyaluronan, which unlike most other macromolecules is assembled at the plasmamembrane and concurrently translocated through the hyaluronan synthase enzyme. The normal function of large hyaluronan polymers (>1MDa) in tissue cushioning, hydration, and lubrication is well established. The aberrant accumulation and degradation of hyaluronan and the receptor-mediated signaling of smaller hyaluronan fragments have also been extensively implicated in a variety of pathological states including inflammation and cancer. More recently, the discovery that hyaluronan can either be a structural matrix component or …
Janus-Faced Sestrin2 Controls Ros And Mtor Signalling Through Two Separate Functional Domains, Hanseong Kim, Sojin An, Seung-Hyun Ro, Filipa Teixeira, Gyeong Jin Park, Cheal Kim, Chun-Seok Cho, Jeong-Sig Kim, Ursula Jakob, Jun Hee Lee, Uhn-Soo Cho
Janus-Faced Sestrin2 Controls Ros And Mtor Signalling Through Two Separate Functional Domains, Hanseong Kim, Sojin An, Seung-Hyun Ro, Filipa Teixeira, Gyeong Jin Park, Cheal Kim, Chun-Seok Cho, Jeong-Sig Kim, Ursula Jakob, Jun Hee Lee, Uhn-Soo Cho
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Sestrins are stress-inducible metabolic regulators with two seemingly unrelated but physiologically important functions: reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). How Sestrins fulfil this dual role has remained elusive so far. Here we report the crystal structure of human Sestrin2 (hSesn2), and show that hSesn2 is twofold pseudo-symmetric with two globular subdomains, which are structurally similar but functionally distinct from each other. While the N-terminal domain (Sesn-A) reduces alkylhydroperoxide radicals through its helix–turn–helix oxidoreductase motif, the C-terminal domain (Sesn-C) modified this motif to accommodate physical interaction with GATOR2 and subsequent …
Genetic Variation In Miscanthus X Giganteus And The Importance Of Estimating Genetic Distance Thresholds For Differentiating Clones, Katarzyna Glowacka, Lindsay V. Clark, Shivani Adhikari, Junhua Peng, J. Ryan Stewart, Aya Nishiwaki, Toshihiko Yamada, Uffe Jorgensen, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Justin Gifford, John A. Juvik, Erik J. Sacks
Genetic Variation In Miscanthus X Giganteus And The Importance Of Estimating Genetic Distance Thresholds For Differentiating Clones, Katarzyna Glowacka, Lindsay V. Clark, Shivani Adhikari, Junhua Peng, J. Ryan Stewart, Aya Nishiwaki, Toshihiko Yamada, Uffe Jorgensen, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Justin Gifford, John A. Juvik, Erik J. Sacks
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Miscanthus x giganteus (Mxg) is an important bioenergy feedstock crop, however, genetic diversity among legacy cultivars may be severely constrained. Only one introduction from Japan to Denmark of this sterile, triploid, vegetatively propagated crop was recorded in the 1930s. We sought to determine if the Mxg cultivars in North America were all synonyms, and if they were derived from the European introduction. We used 64 nuclear and five chloroplast simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to estimate genetic similarity for 27 Mxg accessions from North America, and compared them with six accessions from Europe, including the species’ type-specimen. A subset of …
Hyaluronidase Hyal1 Increases Tumor Cell Proliferation And Motility Through Accelerated Vesicle Trafficking, Caitlin O Mcatee, Abigail R. Berkebile, Christian Elowsky, Teresa Fangman, Joseph J. Barycki, James K. Wahl Iii, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Naava Naslavsky, Steve Caplan, Melanie A. Simpson
Hyaluronidase Hyal1 Increases Tumor Cell Proliferation And Motility Through Accelerated Vesicle Trafficking, Caitlin O Mcatee, Abigail R. Berkebile, Christian Elowsky, Teresa Fangman, Joseph J. Barycki, James K. Wahl Iii, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Naava Naslavsky, Steve Caplan, Melanie A. Simpson
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Background: Hyal1 is a turnover enzyme for hyaluronan that accelerates metastatic cancer by increasing cell motility.
Results: Hyal1-overexpressing cells have a higher rate of endocytosis that impacts cargo internalization and recycling.
Conclusion: The higher rate of vesicle trafficking increases motility receptor function and nutrient uptake.
Significance: This novel mechanism implicates Hyal1 trafficking in multiple signaling events during tumor progression.
Cytosolic Fe-S Cluster Protein Maturation And Iron Regulation Are Independent Of The Mitochondrial Erv1/Mia40 Import System, Hatice K. Ozer, Adrienne C. Dlouhy, Jeremy D. Thornton, Jingjing Hu, Yilin Liu, Joseph J. Barycki, Janneke Balk, Caryn E. Outten
Cytosolic Fe-S Cluster Protein Maturation And Iron Regulation Are Independent Of The Mitochondrial Erv1/Mia40 Import System, Hatice K. Ozer, Adrienne C. Dlouhy, Jeremy D. Thornton, Jingjing Hu, Yilin Liu, Joseph J. Barycki, Janneke Balk, Caryn E. Outten
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Background: The mitochondrial sulfhydryl oxidase Erv1 is implicated in cytosolic iron-sulfur protein maturation and iron regulation.
Results: An erv1 yeast strain used in previous iron metabolism studies is glutathione-deficient, and erv1/mia40 mutants with sufficient glutathione do not exhibit iron-related defects.
Conclusion: Iron homeostasis is independent of Erv1/Mia40 function. Significance: The unexplained role of Erv1 in yeast iron metabolism is resolved.
Metalloprotease Oma1 Fine-Tunes Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Function And Respiratory Supercomplex Stability, Iryna Bohovych, Mario R. Fernandez, Jennifer J. Rahn, Krista D. Stackley, Jennifer E. Bestman, Annadurai Anandhan, Rodrigo Franco, Steven M. Claypool, Robert E. Lewis, Sherine S.L. Chan, Oleh Khalimonchuk
Metalloprotease Oma1 Fine-Tunes Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Function And Respiratory Supercomplex Stability, Iryna Bohovych, Mario R. Fernandez, Jennifer J. Rahn, Krista D. Stackley, Jennifer E. Bestman, Annadurai Anandhan, Rodrigo Franco, Steven M. Claypool, Robert E. Lewis, Sherine S.L. Chan, Oleh Khalimonchuk
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Mitochondria are involved in key cellular functions including energy production, metabolic homeostasis, and apoptosis. Normal mitochondrial function is preserved by several interrelated mechanisms. One mechanism – intramitochondrial quality control (IMQC) – is represented by conserved proteases distributed across mitochondrial compartments. Many aspects and physiological roles of IMQC components remain unclear. Here, we show that the IMQC protease Oma1 is required for the stability of the respiratory supercomplexes and thus balanced and tunable bioenergetic function. Loss of Oma1 activity leads to a specific destabilization of respiratory supercomplexes and consequently to unbalanced respiration and progressive respiratory decline in yeast. Similarly, experiments …
Connecting Proline Metabolism And Signaling Pathways In Plant Senescence, Lu Zhang, Donald F. Becker
Connecting Proline Metabolism And Signaling Pathways In Plant Senescence, Lu Zhang, Donald F. Becker
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
The amino acid proline has a unique biological role in stress adaptation. Proline metabolism is manipulated under stress by multiple and complex regulatory pathways and can profoundly influence cell death and survival in microorganisms, plants, and animals. Though the effects of proline are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, a common theme appears to be the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to proline oxidation being coupled to the respiratory electron transport chain. Considerable research has been devoted to understand how plants exploit proline metabolism in response to abiotic and biotic stress. Here, we review potential mechanisms by which proline …
Secretoglobin And Transferrin Expression In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Of Horses With Chronic Respiratory Disease, M. Miskovic Feutz, Laurent Couetil, C.P. Riley, X. Zhang, J. Adamec, R.E. Raskin
Secretoglobin And Transferrin Expression In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Of Horses With Chronic Respiratory Disease, M. Miskovic Feutz, Laurent Couetil, C.P. Riley, X. Zhang, J. Adamec, R.E. Raskin
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Background: Lower expression of secretoglobin and transferrin has been found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of a small number of horses with experimentally induced signs of recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) compared to healthy controls.
Hypothesis/Objectives: Secretoglobin and transferrin BALF expression will be similarly decreased in horses with naturally occurring clinical signs of RAO and in horses with experimentally induced clinical signs of RAO as compared to healthy controls and intermediate in horses with inflammatory airway disease (IAD).
Animals: Recurrent airway obstruction-affected and control horses were subjected to an experimental hay exposure trial to induce signs of RAO. Client-owned horses …
Genetically Based Low Oxygen Affinities Of Felid Hemoglobins: Lack Of Biochemical Adaptation To High-Altitude Hypoxia In The Snow Leopard, Jan E. Janecka, Simone S. E. Nielsen, Sidsel D. Andersen, Federico G. Hoffmann, Roy E. Weber, Trevor Anderson, Jay F. Storz, Angela Fago
Genetically Based Low Oxygen Affinities Of Felid Hemoglobins: Lack Of Biochemical Adaptation To High-Altitude Hypoxia In The Snow Leopard, Jan E. Janecka, Simone S. E. Nielsen, Sidsel D. Andersen, Federico G. Hoffmann, Roy E. Weber, Trevor Anderson, Jay F. Storz, Angela Fago
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Genetically based modifications of hemoglobin (Hb) function that increase blood–O2 affinity are hallmarks of hypoxia adaptation in vertebrates. Among mammals, felid Hbs are unusual in that they have low intrinsic O2 affinities and reduced sensitivities to the allosteric cofactor 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG). This combination of features compromises the acclimatization capacity of blood–O2 affinity and has led to the hypothesis that felids have a restricted physiological niche breadth relative to other mammals. In seeming defiance of this conjecture, the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) has an extraordinarily broad elevational distribution and occurs at elevations above 6000 m in the Himalayas. Here, …
Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound For High Temporal Resolution Measurement Of Lateralization In Visual Memory And Visual Search Cognitive Tasks, B. Hage, M. Alwatban, E. Barney, M. Mills, M. Dodd, E. Truemper, Gregory R. Bashford
Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound For High Temporal Resolution Measurement Of Lateralization In Visual Memory And Visual Search Cognitive Tasks, B. Hage, M. Alwatban, E. Barney, M. Mills, M. Dodd, E. Truemper, Gregory R. Bashford
Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory
Functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD) is a noninvasive sensing modality that measures blood flow velocities in cerebral arteries (CBFV) with high temporal resolution. Few studies have examined the relationship of CBFV change during visual search and visual memory cognitive tasks. Here a protocol to compare lateralization between these two similar tasks using fTCD is demonstrated. Thirteen healthy volunteers were shown visual scenes on a computer and performed visual search and visual memory tasks while CBFV in the bilateral middle cerebral arteries was monitored with fTCD. Each subject completed 40 trials, consisting of baseline, calibration, instruction, and task periods. Lateralization was …