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- Louisiana Continental-Shelf; California Current; Mississippi River; Chesapeake Bay; Sea-Breeze; Variability; Nitrogen; Climate; Oxygen; Stratification (1)
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- Partially Stratified Estuary; Partially-Mixed Estuary; Induced Destratification; Turbulence Models; Residence Time; Ocean Exchange; Wind; Circulation; River; Equation (1)
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- Reductase Genes Nirk; Nitrite Reductase; Aerobic Denitrification; Denitrifying Bacteria; Community Composition; Marine-Bacteria; Clone Libraries; Barents Sea; Rna; Diversity (1)
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- Spot-Syndrome-Virus; Panulirus-Argus-Virus-1 Pav1; Vertical Transmission; Genome Sequence; Shrimp; Florida; Populations; Latreille; Identification; Prevalence (1)
Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Aquaculture and Fisheries
Circle Hooks In Commercial, Recreational, And Artisanal Fisheries: Research Status And Needs For Improved Conservation And Management, Je Serafy, Sj Cooke, Ga Diaz, John Graves, Et Al
Circle Hooks In Commercial, Recreational, And Artisanal Fisheries: Research Status And Needs For Improved Conservation And Management, Je Serafy, Sj Cooke, Ga Diaz, John Graves, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The intent of convening the International Symposium on Circle Hooks in Research, Management, and Conservation was to yield a contemporary, science-based assessment of the management and conservation utility of circle hooks in commercial, recreational, and artisanal fisheries around the globe. The symposium objective was to provide a forum for individuals, organizations, and agencies to share relevant research results and perspectives. Based on the presentations, an examination of the literature, and the collective experience and knowledge of the authors, we provide a brief overview of the current status of circle hook research along with a list of research needs, with a …
Incorporating Circle Hooks Into Atlantic Pelagic Fisheries: Case Studies From The Commercial Tuna/Swordfish Longline And Recreational Billfish Fisheries, John Graves, Az Horodysky, Dw Kerstetter
Incorporating Circle Hooks Into Atlantic Pelagic Fisheries: Case Studies From The Commercial Tuna/Swordfish Longline And Recreational Billfish Fisheries, John Graves, Az Horodysky, Dw Kerstetter
VIMS Articles
An emerging body of literature has demonstrated the benefits of the use of circle hooks relative to standard J-hooks in commercial and recreational fisheries. In the pelagic longline fishery for tunas (Thunnus spp.) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758), the use of circle hooks has resulted in greater catch rates of some target species, lower catch rates of some bycatch species, and a higher percentage of many target and bycatch species alive at the time of haulback (gear retrieval). However, a lack of agreement among results of studies conducted in different fisheries and areas, using different baits and rigging techniques, …
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 104th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Seattle, Washington, March 24–29, 2012, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 104th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Seattle, Washington, March 24–29, 2012, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Diseases Of Oysters Crassostrea Ariakensis And C. Virginica Reared In Ambient Waters From The Choptank River, Maryland And The Indian River Lagoon, Florida, Cf Dungan, Ryan Carnegie, Km Hill, Cb Mccollough, Se Laramore, Cj Kelly, Na Stokes, J Scarpa
Diseases Of Oysters Crassostrea Ariakensis And C. Virginica Reared In Ambient Waters From The Choptank River, Maryland And The Indian River Lagoon, Florida, Cf Dungan, Ryan Carnegie, Km Hill, Cb Mccollough, Se Laramore, Cj Kelly, Na Stokes, J Scarpa
VIMS Articles
To assess potential benefits and liabilities from a proposed introduction of Asian Suminoe oysters, susceptibilities of exotic Crassostrea ariakensis and native C. virginica oysters were compared during exposures to pathogens endemic in temperate, mesohaline waters of Chesapeake Bay and sub-tropical, polyhaline Atlantic waters of southern Florida, USA. Cohorts of diploid, sibling oysters of both species were periodically tested for diseases while reared in mesocosms receiving ambient waters from the Choptank River, Maryland (>3 yr) or the Indian River Lagoon, Florida (10 to 11 mo). Haplosporidium sp. infections (e.g. MSX disease) were not detected in oysters from either site. Perkinsus …
Historical Ecology With Real Numbers: Past And Present Extent And Biomass Of An Imperilled Estuarine Habitat, Psez Ermgassen, Md Spalding, B Blake, Ld Coen, B Dumbauld, Mark Luckenbach, Et Al.
Historical Ecology With Real Numbers: Past And Present Extent And Biomass Of An Imperilled Estuarine Habitat, Psez Ermgassen, Md Spalding, B Blake, Ld Coen, B Dumbauld, Mark Luckenbach, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Historic baselines are important in developing our understanding of ecosystems in the face of rapid global change. While a number of studies have sought to determine changes in extent of exploited habitats over historic timescales, few have quantified such changes prior to late twentieth century baselines. Here, we present, to our knowledge, the first ever large-scale quantitative assessment of the extent and biomass of marine habitat-forming species over a 100-year time frame. We examined records of wild native oyster abundance in the United States from a historic, yet already exploited, baseline between 1878 and 1935 (predominantly 1885-1915), and a current …
Genetic Structure Of Eurasian Badgers Meles Meles (Carnivora: Mustelidae) And The Colonization History Of Ireland, Db O'Meara, Cj Edwards, Dp Sleeman, Tf Cross, Mj Statham, Jr Mcdowell, Et Al.
Genetic Structure Of Eurasian Badgers Meles Meles (Carnivora: Mustelidae) And The Colonization History Of Ireland, Db O'Meara, Cj Edwards, Dp Sleeman, Tf Cross, Mj Statham, Jr Mcdowell, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The present study examined the contemporary genetic composition of the Eurasian badger, Meles meles, in Ireland, Britain and Western Europe, using six nuclear microsatellite loci and a 215-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Significant population structure was evident within Europe (global multilocus microsatellite FST = 0.205, P < 0.001; global mitochondrial control region FST = 0.399, P < 0.001). Microsatellite-based cluster analyses detected one population in Ireland, whereas badgers from Britain could be subdivided into several populations. Excluding the island populations of Ireland and Britain, badgers from Western Europe showed further structuring, with evidence of discrete Scandinavian, Central European, and Spanish populations. Mitochondrial DNA cluster analysis grouped the Irish population with Scandinavia and Spain, whereas the majority of British haplotypes grouped with those from Central Europe. The findings of the present study suggest that British and Irish badger populations colonized from different refugial areas, or that there were different waves of colonization from the source population. There are indications for the presence of an Atlantic fringe element, which has been seen in other Irish species. We discuss the results in light of the controversy about natural versus human-mediated introductions. (c) 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, , .
Relative Role Of Wind Forcing And Riverine Nutrient Input On The Extent Of Hypoxia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Y Feng, Sf Dimarco, Ga Jackson
Relative Role Of Wind Forcing And Riverine Nutrient Input On The Extent Of Hypoxia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Y Feng, Sf Dimarco, Ga Jackson
VIMS Articles
Seasonal hypoxia of the northern Gulf of Mexico has been observed for more than 25 years. It is generally accepted that the variation in the areal extent of hypoxia is determined by changes in nutrient addition from the Mississippi River. In this study, we investigate the statistical relation between the hypoxic area and a new variable, the duration of west wind, using the available measurements for the period 1985-2010. Special consideration was paid to the 1993-2010 period, a time when a large shift in the seasonal hypoxia pattern has been reported. When excluding the years in which hurricanes directly impacted …
Genetic Diversity Of The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Virus, Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1), And The Discovery Of Pav1 In Lobster Postlarvae, Ja Moss, Mj Butler, Dc Behringer, Jeffrey D. Shields
Genetic Diversity Of The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Virus, Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1), And The Discovery Of Pav1 In Lobster Postlarvae, Ja Moss, Mj Butler, Dc Behringer, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1) is an unclassified, pathogenic virus first discovered in Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus from the Florida Keys, USA, and has since been confirmed in lobsters in other parts of the Caribbean. Several studies have examined the prevalence, pathogenicity, and population dynamics of the pathogen in the lobster host, but little is known about the genetic diversity of the virus. We analyzed a fragment of viral DNA from lobsters collected in the Florida Keys, which provided the first insight into the genetic diversity of PaV1. The variation in viral sequences, both within and between individual lobsters, …
Seasonal Distributions And Movements Of Longnose Gar (Lepisosteus Osseus) Within The York River System, Virginia, Patrick E. Mcgrath, Eric J. Hilton, John A. Musick
Seasonal Distributions And Movements Of Longnose Gar (Lepisosteus Osseus) Within The York River System, Virginia, Patrick E. Mcgrath, Eric J. Hilton, John A. Musick
VIMS Articles
The seasonal movements of Lepisosteus osseus (Longnose Gar) are largely unknown. The goal of this project was to characterize spawning movements and seasonal distributions by using acoustic tagging methods and examining historical catch records from a trawl survey. This is the first time that movements have been studied for an estuarine population of Longnose Gar. Two individuals moved greater minimum distances (69 and 74 km) than found in the only other report on movement in this species. Spawning-ground residency time, collected from two tagged Longnose Gar, was approximately one month, and tidal periodicity was observed for one of the two …
The Ross Sea In A Sea Of Change, Walker O. Smith Jr., Pn Sedwick, Kr Arrigo, Dg Ainley, Ah Orsi
The Ross Sea In A Sea Of Change, Walker O. Smith Jr., Pn Sedwick, Kr Arrigo, Dg Ainley, Ah Orsi
VIMS Articles
The Ross Sea, the most productive region in the Antarctic, reaches farther south than any body of water in the world. While its food web is relatively intact, its oceanography, biogeochemistry, and sea ice coverage have been changing dramatically, and likely will continue to do so in the future. Sea ice cover and persistence have been increasing, in contrast to the Amundsen-Bellingshausen sector, which has resulted in reduced open water duration for its biota. Models predict that as the ozone hole recovers, ice cover will begin to diminish. Currents on the continental shelf will likely change in the coming century, …
Assimilatory Nitrate Utilization By Bacteria On The West Florida Shelf As Determined By Stable Isotope Probing And Functional Microarray Analysis, B Wawrik, Wb Boling, Jd Van Nostrand, Jp Xie, Jz Zhou, Da Bronk
Assimilatory Nitrate Utilization By Bacteria On The West Florida Shelf As Determined By Stable Isotope Probing And Functional Microarray Analysis, B Wawrik, Wb Boling, Jd Van Nostrand, Jp Xie, Jz Zhou, Da Bronk
VIMS Articles
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) uptake by marine heterotrophic bacteria has important implications for the global nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycles. Bacterial nitrate utilization is more prevalent in the marine environment than traditionally thought, but the taxonomic identity of bacteria that utilize nitrate is difficult to determine using traditional methodologies. 15N-based DNA stable isotope probing was applied to document direct use of nitrate by heterotrophic bacteria on the West Florida Shelf. Seawater was incubated in the presence of 2 mu M 15N ammonium or 15N nitrate. DNA was extracted, fractionated via CsCl ultracentrifugation, and each fraction was analyzed by terminal …
Disease Will Limit Future Food Supply From The Global Crustacean Fishery And Aquaculture Sectors, Gd Stentiford, Dm Neil, Ej Peeler, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small
Disease Will Limit Future Food Supply From The Global Crustacean Fishery And Aquaculture Sectors, Gd Stentiford, Dm Neil, Ej Peeler, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small
VIMS Articles
Seafood is a highly traded food commodity. Farmed and captured crustaceans contribute a significant proportion with annual production exceeding 10 M metric tonnes with first sale value of $40bn. The sector is dominated by farmed tropical marine shrimp, the fastest growing sector of the global aquaculture industry. It is significant in supporting rural livelihoods and alleviating poverty in producing nations within Asia and Latin America while forming an increasing contribution to aquatic food supply in more developed countries. Nations with marine borders often also support important marine fisheries for crustaceans that are regionally traded as live animals and commodity products. …
Comparison Of Crassostrea Virginica Gmelin (Eastern Oyster) Recruitment On Constructed Reefs And Adjacent Natural Oyster Bars Over Decadal Time Scales, Juliana Harding, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann, James Wesson
Comparison Of Crassostrea Virginica Gmelin (Eastern Oyster) Recruitment On Constructed Reefs And Adjacent Natural Oyster Bars Over Decadal Time Scales, Juliana Harding, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann, James Wesson
VIMS Articles
Since 1993, oyster reef replenishment efforts in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay have relied heavily on construction of oyster shell reefs with enhanced vertical relief. We evaluated the performance of six reefs constructed in proximity to natural subtidal oyster bars by comparing recruit densities (spat m"^ where spat are young-of-the-year oysters with shell heights less than 50 mm) between habitats. Recruitment was higher on the reefs than bars during the first 1-3 yr post-construction, usually by at least an order of magnitude. Within 7 yr, recruitment was similar between reef-bar pairs although both reefs and bars received additions …
Two Decades Of Pelagic Ecology Of The Western Antarctic Peninsula, Deborah K. Steinberg, Dg Martinson, Dp Costa
Two Decades Of Pelagic Ecology Of The Western Antarctic Peninsula, Deborah K. Steinberg, Dg Martinson, Dp Costa
VIMS Articles
Significant strides in our understanding of the marine pelagic ecosystem of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region have been made over the past two decades, resulting from research conducted aboard ARSV Laurence M. Gould and RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer. These advances range from an understanding of the physical forcing on biology, to food web ecology (from microbes to top predators), to biogeochemical cycling, often in the larger context of rapid climate warming in the region. The proximity of the WAP to the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and WAP continental shelf bathymetry affects the hydrography and helps structure the biological community. Seasonal, …
Spatial, Temporal, And Human-Induced Variations In Suspended Sediment Concentration In The Surface Waters Of The Yangtze Estuary And Adjacent Coastal Areas, P Li, Sl Yang, Jd Milliman, Kh Xu, Wh Qin, Et Al.
Spatial, Temporal, And Human-Induced Variations In Suspended Sediment Concentration In The Surface Waters Of The Yangtze Estuary And Adjacent Coastal Areas, P Li, Sl Yang, Jd Milliman, Kh Xu, Wh Qin, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
To delineate temporal and spatial variations in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the Yangtze (Changjiang) Estuary and adjacent coastal waters, surface-water samples were taken twice daily from 10 stations over periods ranging from 2 to 12 years (total number of samples > 28,000). Synoptic measurements in 2009 showed an increase in surface SSC from 0.058 g/l in the upper sections of the estuary to similar to 0.6 g/l at the Yangtze River turbidity maximum at the river mouth, decreasing seaward to 0.057 g/l. Annual periodicities reflect variations in the Yangtze discharge, which affect the horizontal distribution and transport of SSC, and …
Limited Prevalance Of Gaffkaemia (Aerococcus Viridans Var. Homari) Isolated From Wild-Caught European Lobsters Homarus Gammarus In England And Wales, Pd Stebbing, Mj Pond, E Peeler, Hamish J. Small, Sj Greenwood
Limited Prevalance Of Gaffkaemia (Aerococcus Viridans Var. Homari) Isolated From Wild-Caught European Lobsters Homarus Gammarus In England And Wales, Pd Stebbing, Mj Pond, E Peeler, Hamish J. Small, Sj Greenwood
VIMS Articles
Gaffkaemia, caused by Aerococcus viridans var. homari, causes fatal infections in Homarus spp. (clawed lobsters). Despite its high economic significance to the lobster fisheries in the USA and northern Europe, data on its prevalence in captured and wild populations, particularly in Europe, is scarce. Following an outbreak of gaffkaemia in a European lobster holding facility in South Wales (UK), a base-line survey was conducted for gaffkaemia in wild populations of European lobster Homarus gammarus around the coast of England and Wales. In addition, isolates recovered from the original outbreak and the survey were typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and …
The Relationship Between Biophysical Variables And Halocarbon Distributions In The Waters Of The Amundsen And Ross Seas, Antarctica, E Mattson, A Karlsson, Walker O. Smith Jr., K Abrahamsson
The Relationship Between Biophysical Variables And Halocarbon Distributions In The Waters Of The Amundsen And Ross Seas, Antarctica, E Mattson, A Karlsson, Walker O. Smith Jr., K Abrahamsson
VIMS Articles
Little is known regarding the distribution of volatile halogenated organic compounds (halocarbons) in Antarctic waters and their relation to biophysical variables. During the austral summer (December to January) in 2007-08 halocarbon and pigment concentrations were measured in the Amundsen (100-130 degrees W) and Ross Sea (158 degrees W-160 degrees E). In addition, halocarbons were determined in air, snow and sea ice. The distribution of halocarbons was influenced to a large extent by sea ice, and to a much lesser extent by pelagic biota. Concentrations of naturally produced halocarbons were elevated in the surface mixed layer in ice covered areas compared …
Susceptibility Of Juvenile European Lobster Homarus Gammarus To Shrimp Products Infected With High And Low Doses Of White Spot Syndrome Virus, Ks Bateman, J Munro, B Uglow, Hamish J. Small, Gd Stentiford
Susceptibility Of Juvenile European Lobster Homarus Gammarus To Shrimp Products Infected With High And Low Doses Of White Spot Syndrome Virus, Ks Bateman, J Munro, B Uglow, Hamish J. Small, Gd Stentiford
VIMS Articles
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most important pathogen known to affect the sustainability and growth of the global penaeid shrimp farming industry. Although most commonly associated with penaeid shrimp farmed in warm waters, WSSV is also able to infect, cause disease in and kill a wide range of other decapod crustaceans, including lobsters, from temperate regions. In 2005, the European Union imported US$500 million worth of raw frozen or cooked frozen commodity products, much of which originated in regions positive for white spot disease (WSD). The presence of WSSV within the UK food market was verified by means …
A Modeling Study On The Response Of Chesapeake Bay To Hurricane Events Of Floyd And Isabel, Kh Cho, Harry V. Wang, Jian Shen, A Valle-Levinson, Yc Teng
A Modeling Study On The Response Of Chesapeake Bay To Hurricane Events Of Floyd And Isabel, Kh Cho, Harry V. Wang, Jian Shen, A Valle-Levinson, Yc Teng
VIMS Articles
The response of Chesapeake Bay to forcing from two hurricanes is investigated using an unstructured-grid three-dimensional hydrodynamic model SELFE. The model domain includes Chesapeake Bay, its tributaries, and the extended continental shelf in the mid-Atlantic Bight. The hurricanes chosen for the study are Hurricane Floyd (1999) and Hurricane Isabel (2003), both of which made landfall within 100 km of the mouth of the Bay. The model results agree reasonably well with field observations of water level, velocity, and salinity. From the Bay's water level response to the hurricanes, it was found that the storm surge in the Bay has two …
Long-Term Increase In Mesozooplankton Biomass In The Sargasso Sea: Linkage To Climate And Implications For Food Web Dynamics And Biogeochemical Cycling, Deborah K. Steinberg, Mw Lomas, Js Cope
Long-Term Increase In Mesozooplankton Biomass In The Sargasso Sea: Linkage To Climate And Implications For Food Web Dynamics And Biogeochemical Cycling, Deborah K. Steinberg, Mw Lomas, Js Cope
VIMS Articles
Changes in zooplankton biomass and species composition over long time scales can have significant effects on biogeochemical cycling and transfer of energy to higher trophic levels. We analyzed size-fractionated mesozooplankton biomass (>200 mu m) from biweekly to monthly day and night tows taken from 1994 to 2010 in the epipelagic zone at the Bermuda Atlantic Time series Study (BATS) site in the oligotrophic North Atlantic subtropical gyre. During this 17-year period total mesozooplankton biomass increased 61% overall, although a few short-term downturns occurred over the course of the time series. The overall increase was higher in the nighttime compared …